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Toorak Research Station Weather Records (ASN00029090)

Record envelope, standing records and threshold days for Toorak Research Station (ASN00029090), Australia, with 60 years of record.

Key Facts for Toorak Research Station

  • Toorak Research Station (ASN00029090) is a weather station in Australia at -21.03 latitude and 141.80 longitude, 144 m (472 ft) above sea level.
  • The station reports from 1954 to 2013, 60 years of record.
  • 1,464 records set at Toorak Research Station still stand.
  • Records are tracked for prcp: an element needs 30 years of data to be eligible.
  • Toorak Research Station set a daily record precipitation of 38.0 mm (1.5 in) on 27 December 2012.

About the Station

  • Location: Australia, -21.03 latitude, 141.80 longitude.
  • Elevation: 144 m (472 ft).
  • Period of record: 1954 to 2013, 60 years.
  • Eligible elements: prcp.

Daily Record Envelope and 2026

0 days at or beyond a record
Daily record high and record low at Toorak Research Station, with 2026 drawn through them The band shows the record high and record low for each calendar day at Toorak Research Station. The lines show the 2026 daily maximum and minimum. 0 days in 2026 matched or passed a record. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius. -1001020304050 JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
The band shows the record high and record low for each calendar day at Toorak Research Station. The lines show the 2026 daily maximum and minimum. 0 days in 2026 matched or passed a record. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius.
Daily record high and record low at Toorak Research Station, with 2026 drawn through them
MonthHighest record highLowest record low2026 highest maximum2026 lowest minimum
Jan45.0 C (113.0 F)12.0 C (53.6 F)n/an/a
Feb45.7 C (114.3 F)13.0 C (55.4 F)n/an/a
Mar41.8 C (107.2 F)10.0 C (50.0 F)n/an/a
Apr39.6 C (103.3 F)6.0 C (42.8 F)n/an/a
May39.5 C (103.1 F)2.0 C (35.6 F)n/an/a
Jun35.1 C (95.2 F)-0.5 C (31.1 F)n/an/a
Jul35.2 C (95.4 F)-1.0 C (30.2 F)n/an/a
Aug37.6 C (99.7 F)0.5 C (32.9 F)n/an/a
Sep41.5 C (106.7 F)2.5 C (36.5 F)n/an/a
Oct45.0 C (113.0 F)4.5 C (40.1 F)n/an/a
Nov46.3 C (115.3 F)7.0 C (44.6 F)n/an/a
Dec46.5 C (115.7 F)11.5 C (52.7 F)n/an/a

Which Years Hold Standing Records

1,464 standing records
Standing records at Toorak Research Station by the year they were set 1,464 records at Toorak Research Station still stand. 1998 holds the most, with 107. 0501001501968: 441969: 581970: 401971: 491972: 551973: 371974: 491975: 371976: 511977: 291978: 341979: 121980: 251981: 501982: 291983: 351990: 131991: 201992: 551993: 291994: 411995: 561996: 311997: 261998: 1071999: 482000: 552001: 542002: 402003: 702004: 352005: 592006: 332007: 502008: 8196819721976198019901994199820022006
1,464 records at Toorak Research Station still stand. 1998 holds the most, with 107.
Standing records at Toorak Research Station by the year they were set
Year setStanding records
196844
196958
197040
197149
197255
197337
197449
197537
197651
197729
197834
197912
198025
198150
198229
198335
199013
199120
199255
199329
199441
199556
199631
199726
1998107
199948
200055
200154
200240
200370
200435
200559
200633
200750
20088

Wettest Day of Each Month

Jan: 192.6 mm (7.6 in)
Record daily precipitation for each month at Toorak Research Station The wettest day on record for each calendar month at Toorak Research Station. The most was 192.6 mm (7.6 in) on 14 January 1991. 050100150200 Jan: 192.6 mm (7.6 in), 14 January 1991 Jan Feb: 135.8 mm (5.3 in), 3 February 1992 Feb Mar: 123.2 mm (4.9 in), 29 March 1973 Mar Apr: 99.0 mm (3.9 in), 5 April 2006 Apr May: 77.4 mm (3.0 in), 22 May 1990 May Jun: 66.7 mm (2.6 in), 18 June 2007 Jun Jul: 80.0 mm (3.1 in), 10 July 1978 Jul Aug: 25.0 mm (1.0 in), 6 August 1995 Aug Sep: 17.0 mm (0.7 in), 6 September 1978 Sep Oct: 78.0 mm (3.1 in), 23 October 1986 Oct Nov: 63.8 mm (2.5 in), 18 November 1993 Nov Dec: 134.0 mm (5.3 in), 20 December 1977 Dec
The wettest day on record for each calendar month at Toorak Research Station. The most was 192.6 mm (7.6 in) on 14 January 1991.
Record daily precipitation for each month at Toorak Research Station
MonthRecord daily precipitation (mm)Date
Jan192.6 mm (7.6 in)14 January 1991
Feb135.8 mm (5.3 in)3 February 1992
Mar123.2 mm (4.9 in)29 March 1973
Apr99.0 mm (3.9 in)5 April 2006
May77.4 mm (3.0 in)22 May 1990
Jun66.7 mm (2.6 in)18 June 2007
Jul80.0 mm (3.1 in)10 July 1978
Aug25.0 mm (1.0 in)6 August 1995
Sep17.0 mm (0.7 in)6 September 1978
Oct78.0 mm (3.1 in)23 October 1986
Nov63.8 mm (2.5 in)18 November 1993
Dec134.0 mm (5.3 in)20 December 1977

Period of Record Coverage

1968 to 2008
Days with data per year at Toorak Research Station 35 years of record at Toorak Research Station, 1968 to 2008. 24 years have data for under 90 percent of days and are left out of rankings: 1968, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976 and others. 1968: 170 of 366 days1969: 336 of 365 days1970: 324 of 365 days1971: 289 of 365 days1972: 318 of 366 days1973: 259 of 365 days1974: 239 of 365 days1975: 259 of 365 days1976: 271 of 366 days1977: 224 of 365 days1978: 144 of 365 days1979: 110 of 365 days1980: 271 of 366 days1981: 292 of 365 days1982: 285 of 365 days1983: 175 of 365 days1990: 98 of 365 days1991: 328 of 365 days1992: 336 of 366 days1993: 350 of 365 days1994: 339 of 365 days1995: 274 of 365 days1996: 127 of 366 days1997: 364 of 365 days1998: 365 of 365 days1999: 365 of 365 days2000: 365 of 366 days2001: 359 of 365 days2002: 357 of 365 days2003: 357 of 365 days2004: 308 of 366 days2005: 265 of 365 days2006: 252 of 365 days2007: 276 of 365 days2008: 106 of 366 days1970197519801990199520002005
35 years of record at Toorak Research Station, 1968 to 2008. 24 years have data for under 90 percent of days and are left out of rankings: 1968, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976 and others.
Days with data per year at Toorak Research Station
YearDays with dataShare of yearComplete
196817046%No
196933692%Yes
197032489%No
197128979%No
197231887%No
197325971%No
197423965%No
197525971%No
197627174%No
197722461%No
197814439%No
197911030%No
198027174%No
198129280%No
198228578%No
198317548%No
19909827%No
199132890%No
199233692%Yes
199335096%Yes
199433993%Yes
199527475%No
199612735%No
1997364100%Yes
1998365100%Yes
1999365100%Yes
2000365100%Yes
200135998%Yes
200235798%Yes
200335798%Yes
200430884%No
200526573%No
200625269%No
200727676%No
200810629%No

Latest Records

20
Latest records at Toorak Research Station
DateStationRecordValueBeat old record byOld record stoodSignificance
27 December 2012Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain38.0 mm (1.5 in)3.0 mm (0.12 in)5 years7 of 100 (Routine)
15 December 2012Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain30.0 mm (1.2 in)3.5 mm (0.14 in)32 years16 of 100 (Routine)
8 April 2012Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain3.6 mm (0.14 in)0.1 mm (0.00 in)6 years6 of 100 (Routine)
21 March 2012Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain38.6 mm (1.5 in)7.4 mm (0.29 in)41 years20 of 100 (Routine)
18 March 2012Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain48.2 mm (1.9 in)11.0 mm (0.4 in)12 years13 of 100 (Routine)
17 March 2012Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain12.0 mm (0.5 in)1.2 mm (0.05 in)16 years9 of 100 (Routine)
28 January 2012Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain86.0 mm (3.4 in)76.6 mm (3.0 in)24 years48 of 100 (Notable)
26 January 2012Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain87.4 mm (3.4 in)57.6 mm (2.3 in)13 years36 of 100 (Notable)
25 January 2012Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain42.8 mm (1.7 in)7.6 mm (0.30 in)34 years18 of 100 (Routine)
5 December 2011Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain35.0 mm (1.4 in)17.0 mm (0.7 in)24 years22 of 100 (Routine)
23 November 2011Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain56.6 mm (2.2 in)48.2 mm (1.9 in)20 years51 of 100 (Notable)
1 November 2011Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain10.2 mm (0.4 in)5.0 mm (0.20 in)0 years9 of 100 (Routine)
31 October 2011Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain9.6 mm (0.38 in)2.0 mm (0.08 in)32 years15 of 100 (Routine)
5 October 2011Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain22.5 mm (0.9 in)22.3 mm (0.9 in)26 years20 of 100 (Routine)
11 June 2011Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain2.0 mm (0.08 in)1.8 mm (0.07 in)10 years9 of 100 (Routine)
22 March 2011Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain8.0 mm (0.31 in)7.5 mm (0.30 in)36 years19 of 100 (Routine)
12 March 2011Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain42.6 mm (1.7 in)32.4 mm (1.3 in)52 years36 of 100 (Notable)
11 March 2011Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain82.6 mm (3.3 in)59.6 mm (2.3 in)4 years36 of 100 (Notable)
31 December 2010Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain37.0 mm (1.5 in)20.0 mm (0.8 in)12 years19 of 100 (Routine)
12 November 2010Toorak Research Station, AUdaily rain39.4 mm (1.6 in)15.2 mm (0.6 in)24 years25 of 100 (Routine)

Climate Trend

14 complete years, 1969 to 2003
Annual mean temperature at Toorak Research Station as warming stripes, 1969 to 2003 One stripe for each of 14 complete years at Toorak Research Station, 1969 to 2003. Blue stripes are years cooler than the station's own mean of 25.0 C (77.1 F); red stripes are warmer. The coolest year was 1972, at 24.1 C (75.4 F), and the warmest was 2003, at 26.2 C (79.2 F). The strongest colour marks a difference of 1.2 C (2.2 F). 1969: 25.2 C, +0.1 C from the station mean1970: 24.8 C, -0.2 C from the station mean1972: 24.1 C, -1.0 C from the station mean1991: 24.5 C, -0.5 C from the station mean1992: 24.9 C, -0.1 C from the station mean1993: 25.4 C, +0.3 C from the station mean1994: 24.4 C, -0.6 C from the station mean1997: 25.0 C, -0.1 C from the station mean1998: 26.2 C, +1.2 C from the station mean1999: 25.1 C, +0.1 C from the station mean2000: 24.3 C, -0.8 C from the station mean2001: 25.0 C, -0.1 C from the station mean2002: 25.5 C, +0.4 C from the station mean2003: 26.2 C, +1.2 C from the station mean1969197519801985199019952000
One stripe for each of 14 complete years at Toorak Research Station, 1969 to 2003. Blue stripes are years cooler than the station's own mean of 25.0 C (77.1 F); red stripes are warmer. The coolest year was 1972, at 24.1 C (75.4 F), and the warmest was 2003, at 26.2 C (79.2 F). The strongest colour marks a difference of 1.2 C (2.2 F).
Annual mean temperature at Toorak Research Station as warming stripes, 1969 to 2003
YearAnnual mean temperatureDifference from the station mean
196925.2 C+0.15 C
197024.8 C-0.20 C
197224.1 C-0.95 C
199124.5 C-0.52 C
199224.9 C-0.14 C
199325.4 C+0.31 C
199424.4 C-0.62 C
199725.0 C-0.06 C
199826.2 C+1.19 C
199925.1 C+0.06 C
200024.3 C-0.76 C
200125.0 C-0.05 C
200225.5 C+0.45 C
200326.2 C+1.19 C

This station does not have enough complete years (30 are needed) to fit a temperature trend.

A year is complete when all 12 months have at least 20 days of both daily maximum and daily minimum readings. The annual mean is the mean of the monthly means. The trend describes this one station over this period; it does not say what caused the change.

Extremes by Year

1954 to 2013
Yearly extremes at Toorak Research Station: the record and the median year
MeasureRecordYear of the recordMedian yearYears with a value
Hottest day (TXx)46.5 C (115.7 F)200643.7 C (110.7 F)35
Coldest night (TNn)-1.0 C (30.2 F)19831.5 C (34.7 F)35
Wettest day (Rx1day)192.6 mm (7.6 in)199159.4 mm (2.3 in)60
Wettest five days (Rx5day)267.4 mm (10.5 in)199197.0 mm (3.8 in)60
Longest dry spell (CDD)258 days200292 days60

Hottest day (TXx)

Hottest day (TXx) at Toorak Research Station by year The hottest day of the year at Toorak Research Station, 1954 to 2013. The record is 46.5 C (115.7 F) in 2006, marked on the chart; the median year is 43.7 C (110.7 F). 4042444648196019701980199020002010Record: 46.5 C (115.7 F) in 2006
The hottest day of the year at Toorak Research Station, 1954 to 2013. The record is 46.5 C (115.7 F) in 2006, marked on the chart; the median year is 43.7 C (110.7 F).
Hottest day (TXx) at Toorak Research Station by year
YearHottest day (TXx)
1954n/a
1955n/a
1956n/a
1957n/a
1958n/a
1959n/a
1960n/a
1961n/a
1962n/a
1963n/a
1964n/a
1965n/a
1966n/a
1967n/a
196842.7 C (108.9 F)
196943.7 C (110.7 F)
197043.6 C (110.5 F)
197143.4 C (110.1 F)
197244.2 C (111.6 F)
197344.5 C (112.1 F)
197442.0 C (107.6 F)
197542.0 C (107.6 F)
197645.0 C (113.0 F)
197744.0 C (111.2 F)
197842.5 C (108.5 F)
197944.5 C (112.1 F)
198043.5 C (110.3 F)
198144.8 C (112.6 F)
198245.0 C (113.0 F)
198343.5 C (110.3 F)
1984n/a
1985n/a
1986n/a
1987n/a
1988n/a
1989n/a
199044.5 C (112.1 F)
199143.5 C (110.3 F)
199244.0 C (111.2 F)
199342.0 C (107.6 F)
199444.7 C (112.5 F)
199543.5 C (110.3 F)
199646.3 C (115.3 F)
199743.2 C (109.8 F)
199845.7 C (114.3 F)
199941.1 C (106.0 F)
200042.0 C (107.6 F)
200144.5 C (112.1 F)
200245.0 C (113.0 F)
200345.1 C (113.2 F)
200443.1 C (109.6 F)
200545.0 C (113.0 F)
200646.5 C (115.7 F)
200743.6 C (110.5 F)
200840.1 C (104.2 F)
2009n/a
2010n/a
2011n/a
2012n/a
2013n/a

Coldest night (TNn)

Coldest night (TNn) at Toorak Research Station by year The coldest night of the year at Toorak Research Station, 1954 to 2013. The record is -1.0 C (30.2 F) in 1983, marked on the chart; the median year is 1.5 C (34.7 F). -5051015196019701980199020002010Record: -1.0 C (30.2 F) in 1983
The coldest night of the year at Toorak Research Station, 1954 to 2013. The record is -1.0 C (30.2 F) in 1983, marked on the chart; the median year is 1.5 C (34.7 F).
Coldest night (TNn) at Toorak Research Station by year
YearColdest night (TNn)
1954n/a
1955n/a
1956n/a
1957n/a
1958n/a
1959n/a
1960n/a
1961n/a
1962n/a
1963n/a
1964n/a
1965n/a
1966n/a
1967n/a
19681.1 C (34.0 F)
19692.5 C (36.5 F)
19701.7 C (35.1 F)
1971-0.5 C (31.1 F)
19720.2 C (32.4 F)
19734.0 C (39.2 F)
19740.0 C (32.0 F)
19750.5 C (32.9 F)
19760.5 C (32.9 F)
1977-0.5 C (31.1 F)
19780.5 C (32.9 F)
197913.0 C (55.4 F)
19802.3 C (36.1 F)
19813.0 C (37.4 F)
19820.2 C (32.4 F)
1983-1.0 C (30.2 F)
1984n/a
1985n/a
1986n/a
1987n/a
1988n/a
1989n/a
199012.5 C (54.5 F)
19912.5 C (36.5 F)
19921.8 C (35.2 F)
19930.1 C (32.2 F)
19941.0 C (33.8 F)
19951.1 C (34.0 F)
199611.0 C (51.8 F)
19972.4 C (36.3 F)
19981.5 C (34.7 F)
19993.7 C (38.7 F)
20000.8 C (33.4 F)
20010.3 C (32.5 F)
20020.0 C (32.0 F)
20033.5 C (38.3 F)
20041.9 C (35.4 F)
20051.0 C (33.8 F)
20062.5 C (36.5 F)
20071.8 C (35.2 F)
20082.6 C (36.7 F)
2009n/a
2010n/a
2011n/a
2012n/a
2013n/a

Wettest day (Rx1day)

Wettest day (Rx1day) at Toorak Research Station by year The wettest day of the year at Toorak Research Station, 1954 to 2013. The record is 192.6 mm (7.6 in) in 1991, marked on the chart; the median year is 59.4 mm (2.3 in). 050100150200196019701980199020002010Record: 192.6 mm (7.6 in) in 1991
The wettest day of the year at Toorak Research Station, 1954 to 2013. The record is 192.6 mm (7.6 in) in 1991, marked on the chart; the median year is 59.4 mm (2.3 in).
Wettest day (Rx1day) at Toorak Research Station by year
YearWettest day (Rx1day)
19540.0 mm (0.00 in)
19550.0 mm (0.00 in)
195699.1 mm (3.9 in)
195733.0 mm (1.3 in)
195895.3 mm (3.8 in)
195968.6 mm (2.7 in)
196033.0 mm (1.3 in)
196159.2 mm (2.3 in)
19620.0 mm (0.00 in)
19630.0 mm (0.00 in)
19640.0 mm (0.00 in)
19650.0 mm (0.00 in)
196644.7 mm (1.8 in)
19670.0 mm (0.00 in)
19680.0 mm (0.00 in)
19690.0 mm (0.00 in)
19700.0 mm (0.00 in)
1971118.6 mm (4.7 in)
197258.2 mm (2.3 in)
1973123.2 mm (4.9 in)
1974157.0 mm (6.2 in)
197568.6 mm (2.7 in)
197685.2 mm (3.4 in)
1977134.0 mm (5.3 in)
197880.0 mm (3.1 in)
197915.8 mm (0.6 in)
198070.2 mm (2.8 in)
198165.6 mm (2.6 in)
198241.9 mm (1.6 in)
198349.5 mm (1.9 in)
198460.0 mm (2.4 in)
198537.0 mm (1.5 in)
198678.0 mm (3.1 in)
198769.2 mm (2.7 in)
198825.2 mm (1.0 in)
198986.4 mm (3.4 in)
199077.4 mm (3.0 in)
1991192.6 mm (7.6 in)
1992135.8 mm (5.3 in)
199379.6 mm (3.1 in)
1994121.6 mm (4.8 in)
199559.6 mm (2.3 in)
199627.0 mm (1.1 in)
199756.6 mm (2.2 in)
199842.4 mm (1.7 in)
199958.6 mm (2.3 in)
200087.6 mm (3.4 in)
200155.6 mm (2.2 in)
200238.3 mm (1.5 in)
200363.4 mm (2.5 in)
200445.6 mm (1.8 in)
200554.8 mm (2.2 in)
200699.0 mm (3.9 in)
200787.2 mm (3.4 in)
200867.0 mm (2.6 in)
200983.0 mm (3.3 in)
201057.2 mm (2.3 in)
201182.6 mm (3.3 in)
201287.4 mm (3.4 in)
20130.0 mm (0.00 in)

Wettest five days (Rx5day)

Wettest five days (Rx5day) at Toorak Research Station by year The wettest five days of the year at Toorak Research Station, 1954 to 2013. The record is 267.4 mm (10.5 in) in 1991, marked on the chart; the median year is 97.0 mm (3.8 in). 0100200300196019701980199020002010Record: 267.4 mm (10.5 in) in 1991
The wettest five days of the year at Toorak Research Station, 1954 to 2013. The record is 267.4 mm (10.5 in) in 1991, marked on the chart; the median year is 97.0 mm (3.8 in).
Wettest five days (Rx5day) at Toorak Research Station by year
YearWettest five days (Rx5day)
19540.0 mm (0.00 in)
19550.0 mm (0.00 in)
1956164.5 mm (6.5 in)
195749.3 mm (1.9 in)
1958123.5 mm (4.9 in)
1959130.6 mm (5.1 in)
196054.6 mm (2.1 in)
1961107.7 mm (4.2 in)
19620.0 mm (0.00 in)
19630.0 mm (0.00 in)
19640.0 mm (0.00 in)
19650.0 mm (0.00 in)
196670.1 mm (2.8 in)
19670.0 mm (0.00 in)
19680.0 mm (0.00 in)
19690.0 mm (0.00 in)
19700.0 mm (0.00 in)
1971181.6 mm (7.1 in)
1972111.3 mm (4.4 in)
1973244.3 mm (9.6 in)
1974198.9 mm (7.8 in)
197596.6 mm (3.8 in)
1976118.7 mm (4.7 in)
1977155.8 mm (6.1 in)
197880.0 mm (3.1 in)
197921.6 mm (0.9 in)
198097.4 mm (3.8 in)
1981159.3 mm (6.3 in)
198275.0 mm (3.0 in)
198357.3 mm (2.3 in)
1984122.2 mm (4.8 in)
198553.3 mm (2.1 in)
198681.0 mm (3.2 in)
198787.5 mm (3.4 in)
198832.6 mm (1.3 in)
1989125.6 mm (4.9 in)
199077.4 mm (3.0 in)
1991267.4 mm (10.5 in)
1992195.2 mm (7.7 in)
1993113.6 mm (4.5 in)
1994188.0 mm (7.4 in)
199579.8 mm (3.1 in)
199650.2 mm (2.0 in)
1997182.4 mm (7.2 in)
199899.6 mm (3.9 in)
1999124.8 mm (4.9 in)
2000137.0 mm (5.4 in)
200174.4 mm (2.9 in)
200262.6 mm (2.5 in)
2003147.4 mm (5.8 in)
2004107.8 mm (4.2 in)
200569.2 mm (2.7 in)
2006152.5 mm (6.0 in)
2007119.8 mm (4.7 in)
200883.8 mm (3.3 in)
2009189.0 mm (7.4 in)
2010136.3 mm (5.4 in)
2011175.4 mm (6.9 in)
2012218.0 mm (8.6 in)
201323.0 mm (0.9 in)

Longest dry spell (CDD)

Longest dry spell (CDD) at Toorak Research Station by year The longest dry spell of the year at Toorak Research Station, 1954 to 2013. The record is 258 days in 2002, marked on the chart; the median year is 92 days. 0100200300196019701980199020002010Record: 258 days in 2002
The longest dry spell of the year at Toorak Research Station, 1954 to 2013. The record is 258 days in 2002, marked on the chart; the median year is 92 days.
Longest dry spell (CDD) at Toorak Research Station by year
YearLongest dry spell (CDD)
195431 days
195530 days
195631 days
195761 days
1958123 days
195995 days
1960105 days
1961100 days
196231 days
196392 days
196461 days
196592 days
196676 days
1967123 days
196831 days
196992 days
1970123 days
197152 days
1972107 days
197377 days
197489 days
1975116 days
1976200 days
1977179 days
197861 days
1979174 days
1980192 days
198187 days
1982149 days
198396 days
1984108 days
198599 days
198657 days
1987112 days
198849 days
198999 days
199094 days
1991130 days
1992108 days
199352 days
1994110 days
199588 days
1996129 days
199788 days
199866 days
1999193 days
200095 days
2001119 days
2002258 days
200375 days
200494 days
200552 days
200693 days
200771 days
200883 days
20094 days
201032 days
201180 days
201244 days
201331 days

Each chart shows one value per year; the dot marks the record year. TXx is the hottest daily maximum, TNn the coldest daily minimum, Rx1day and Rx5day the largest one-day and five-day rain totals, and CDD the longest run of days with less than 1 mm of rain. A year with missing days can understate an extreme.

Rainfall Return Levels

37 years, 1959 to 2011

A day with at least 66.6 mm (2.6 in) of rain is expected about once in 2 years. A day with at least 210.6 mm (8.3 in) of rain is expected about once in 100 years.

Rainfall return levels at Toorak Research Station: the daily rain expected about once in a given number of years
Expected about once inA day with at leastNote
2 years66.6 mm (2.6 in)
5 years98.3 mm (3.9 in)
10 years121.8 mm (4.8 in)
25 years154.7 mm (6.1 in)
50 years181.6 mm (7.1 in)Longer than the 37 years of record
100 years210.6 mm (8.3 in)Longer than the 37 years of record

The levels come from a generalised extreme value (GEV) distribution fitted by L-moments to the wettest-day total of each year, 37 years of values from 1959 to 2011.

A return level is an estimate. It is least reliable for the long periods, 50 and 100 years, and for any period longer than the record behind the fit, where the fit has to reach past the largest day actually observed. It is not a forecast.

The largest wettest-day totals in the fit: 192.6 mm (7.6 in) in 1991; 157.0 mm (6.2 in) in 1974; 135.8 mm (5.3 in) in 1992.

Download the Data

  • Data for Toorak Research Station standing records by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.
  • Data for Toorak Research Station threshold days by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.

Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-14 (14 October 2026). Records are computed by this site and are not official.

Data as of . Last revised (2026-10-14).