Record highRecord low2026 daily maximum2026 daily minimum
The band shows the record high and record low for each calendar day at Francis. The lines show the 2026 daily maximum and minimum. 0 days in 2026 matched or passed a record. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius.
Daily record high and record low at Francis, with 2026 drawn through them
Month
Highest record high
Lowest record low
2026 highest maximum
2026 lowest minimum
Jan
6.1 C (43.0 F)
-45.6 C (-50.1 F)
n/a
n/a
Feb
15.6 C (60.1 F)
-46.7 C (-52.1 F)
n/a
n/a
Mar
20.6 C (69.1 F)
-43.9 C (-47.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Apr
32.5 C (90.5 F)
-27.8 C (-18.0 F)
n/a
n/a
May
40.0 C (104.0 F)
-13.9 C (7.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Jun
37.8 C (100.0 F)
-7.2 C (19.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Jul
43.3 C (109.9 F)
-1.7 C (28.9 F)
n/a
n/a
Aug
39.4 C (102.9 F)
-3.3 C (26.1 F)
n/a
n/a
Sep
36.1 C (97.0 F)
-14.4 C (6.1 F)
n/a
n/a
Oct
31.7 C (89.1 F)
-23.9 C (-11.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Nov
23.9 C (75.0 F)
-37.2 C (-35.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Dec
16.1 C (61.0 F)
-42.2 C (-44.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Which Years Hold Standing Records
1,464 standing records
Year with most
1,464 records at Francis still stand. 1936 holds the most, with 61.
Standing records at Francis by the year they were set
Year set
Standing records
1923
14
1924
33
1925
34
1926
32
1927
24
1928
34
1929
29
1930
19
1931
58
1932
23
1933
19
1934
48
1935
31
1936
61
1937
30
1938
20
1939
45
1940
36
1941
23
1942
18
1943
27
1944
23
1945
27
1946
26
1947
16
1948
21
1949
20
1951
8
1952
21
1953
13
1954
26
1955
11
1956
22
1957
20
1958
27
1959
19
1960
21
1961
20
1962
25
1963
27
1964
23
1965
31
1966
28
1967
23
1968
19
1969
21
1970
18
1971
11
1972
24
1973
28
1974
24
1975
20
1976
13
1977
31
1978
14
1979
21
1980
28
1981
28
1982
8
All-Time Record Progression
1 new records
1 all-time records were set at Francis between 10 June 1970 and 10 June 1970. Each dot is a new record.
When Francis set new all-time records
Date
Kind
Detail
1970-06-10
Record daily precipitation
Record daily precipitation 95.3 mm (3.8 in)
Wettest Day of Each Month
Jun: 95.3 mm (3.8 in)
The wettest day on record for each calendar month at Francis. The most was 95.3 mm (3.8 in) on 10 June 1970.
Record daily precipitation for each month at Francis
Month
Record daily precipitation (mm)
Date
Jan
12.7 mm (0.5 in)
5 January 1925
Feb
12.7 mm (0.5 in)
5 February 1947
Mar
31.8 mm (1.3 in)
19 March 1976
Apr
33.8 mm (1.3 in)
30 April 1969
May
41.4 mm (1.6 in)
21 May 1933
Jun
95.3 mm (3.8 in)
10 June 1970
Jul
82.8 mm (3.3 in)
13 July 1981
Aug
71.4 mm (2.8 in)
15 August 1980
Sep
69.9 mm (2.8 in)
14 September 1927
Oct
46.0 mm (1.8 in)
11 October 1981
Nov
30.5 mm (1.2 in)
19 November 1941
Dec
15.2 mm (0.6 in)
16 December 1977
Period of Record Coverage
1923 to 1982
Complete yearUnder 90 percent of days
59 years of record at Francis, 1923 to 1982. 8 years have data for under 90 percent of days and are left out of rankings: 1923, 1949, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1961, 1968, 1982.
Cooler than the station meanWarmer than the station mean
One stripe for each of 44 complete years at Francis, 1924 to 1981. Blue stripes are years cooler than the station's own mean of 1.7 C (35.0 F); red stripes are warmer. The coolest year was 1947, at -0.1 C (31.8 F), and the warmest was 1931, at 5.1 C (41.2 F). The strongest colour marks a difference of 3.5 C (6.3 F).
Annual mean temperature at Francis as warming stripes, 1924 to 1981
Year
Annual mean temperature
Difference from the station mean
1924
1.3 C
-0.33 C
1925
2.0 C
+0.33 C
1926
2.5 C
+0.83 C
1927
0.4 C
-1.28 C
1928
2.3 C
+0.65 C
1929
1.0 C
-0.71 C
1930
2.3 C
+0.63 C
1931
5.1 C
+3.42 C
1932
2.1 C
+0.39 C
1933
2.3 C
+0.63 C
1934
3.9 C
+2.19 C
1935
0.7 C
-1.01 C
1936
0.5 C
-1.15 C
1937
1.4 C
-0.31 C
1938
3.1 C
+1.44 C
1939
2.8 C
+1.09 C
1940
2.6 C
+0.93 C
1941
2.8 C
+1.12 C
1942
2.4 C
+0.74 C
1943
1.3 C
-0.39 C
1944
1.9 C
+0.27 C
1945
0.5 C
-1.22 C
1946
0.9 C
-0.79 C
1947
-0.1 C
-1.76 C
1948
0.6 C
-1.10 C
1954
2.0 C
+0.30 C
1955
0.3 C
-1.39 C
1956
0.5 C
-1.18 C
1957
1.7 C
+0.06 C
1962
2.3 C
+0.60 C
1963
2.6 C
+0.93 C
1964
1.3 C
-0.36 C
1966
0.3 C
-1.34 C
1967
0.9 C
-0.81 C
1969
1.0 C
-0.65 C
1970
0.6 C
-1.09 C
1971
1.5 C
-0.21 C
1974
1.3 C
-0.33 C
1975
2.1 C
+0.42 C
1976
1.7 C
+0.06 C
1977
1.6 C
-0.03 C
1978
-0.1 C
-1.76 C
1979
0.7 C
-0.93 C
1981
4.7 C
+3.04 C
The fitted trend in annual mean temperature here over 1924 to 1981 is -0.1 C (-0.3 to 0.1) per decade. The interval includes zero, so the trend is not clearly different from zero. In Fahrenheit: -0.2 F (-0.6 to 0.1) per decade. The slope is a straight line fitted to 44 complete years; the brackets give its 95 percent interval.
Fitted temperature trends per decade at Francis
Measure
Per decade (C)
Per decade (F)
Period
Complete years
Reading
Annual mean temperature
-0.1 C (-0.3 to 0.1) per decade
-0.2 F (-0.6 to 0.1) per decade
1924 to 1981
44
Not clearly different from zero
Mean daily maximum
-0.1 C (-0.3 to 0.1) per decade
-0.2 F (-0.6 to 0.2) per decade
1924 to 1981
44
Not clearly different from zero
Mean daily minimum
-0.16 C (-0.36 to 0.05) per decade
-0.3 F (-0.6 to 0.1) per decade
1924 to 1981
44
Not clearly different from zero
A year is complete when all 12 months have at least 20 days of both daily maximum and daily minimum readings. The annual mean is the mean of the monthly means. The trend describes this one station over this period; it does not say what caused the change.
Extremes by Year
1922 to 1982
Yearly extremes at Francis: the record and the median year
Measure
Record
Year of the record
Median year
Years with a value
Hottest day (TXx)
43.3 C (109.9 F)
1937
36.1 C (97.0 F)
59
Coldest night (TNn)
-46.7 C (-52.1 F)
1936
-40.0 C (-40.0 F)
59
Wettest day (Rx1day)
95.3 mm (3.8 in)
1970
35.7 mm (1.4 in)
60
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
127.4 mm (5.0 in)
1933
55.4 mm (2.2 in)
60
Longest dry spell (CDD)
99 days
1968
31 days
60
Hottest day (TXx)
The hottest day of the year at Francis, 1922 to 1982. The record is 43.3 C (109.9 F) in 1937, marked on the chart; the median year is 36.1 C (97.0 F).
Hottest day (TXx) at Francis by year
Year
Hottest day (TXx)
1922
n/a
1923
33.3 C (91.9 F)
1924
32.8 C (91.0 F)
1925
36.1 C (97.0 F)
1926
36.7 C (98.1 F)
1927
32.2 C (90.0 F)
1928
33.3 C (91.9 F)
1929
39.4 C (102.9 F)
1930
37.8 C (100.0 F)
1931
39.4 C (102.9 F)
1932
36.1 C (97.0 F)
1933
37.2 C (99.0 F)
1934
36.7 C (98.1 F)
1935
36.1 C (97.0 F)
1936
37.8 C (100.0 F)
1937
43.3 C (109.9 F)
1938
35.0 C (95.0 F)
1939
37.2 C (99.0 F)
1940
37.2 C (99.0 F)
1941
36.7 C (98.1 F)
1942
34.4 C (93.9 F)
1943
31.7 C (89.1 F)
1944
35.6 C (96.1 F)
1945
35.6 C (96.1 F)
1946
36.1 C (97.0 F)
1947
36.7 C (98.1 F)
1948
35.6 C (96.1 F)
1949
39.4 C (102.9 F)
1951
37.2 C (99.0 F)
1952
39.4 C (102.9 F)
1953
33.3 C (91.9 F)
1954
31.7 C (89.1 F)
1955
34.4 C (93.9 F)
1956
37.2 C (99.0 F)
1957
35.0 C (95.0 F)
1958
37.2 C (99.0 F)
1959
37.8 C (100.0 F)
1960
35.6 C (96.1 F)
1961
37.8 C (100.0 F)
1962
33.3 C (91.9 F)
1963
33.9 C (93.0 F)
1964
36.7 C (98.1 F)
1965
36.7 C (98.1 F)
1966
36.7 C (98.1 F)
1967
36.1 C (97.0 F)
1968
33.9 C (93.0 F)
1969
37.8 C (100.0 F)
1970
36.1 C (97.0 F)
1971
36.1 C (97.0 F)
1972
37.2 C (99.0 F)
1973
35.0 C (95.0 F)
1974
35.6 C (96.1 F)
1975
38.9 C (102.0 F)
1976
36.7 C (98.1 F)
1977
33.3 C (91.9 F)
1978
36.1 C (97.0 F)
1979
37.5 C (99.5 F)
1980
40.0 C (104.0 F)
1981
37.0 C (98.6 F)
1982
32.0 C (89.6 F)
Coldest night (TNn)
The coldest night of the year at Francis, 1922 to 1982. The record is -46.7 C (-52.1 F) in 1936, marked on the chart; the median year is -40.0 C (-40.0 F).
Coldest night (TNn) at Francis by year
Year
Coldest night (TNn)
1922
n/a
1923
-33.3 C (-27.9 F)
1924
-38.3 C (-36.9 F)
1925
-35.6 C (-32.1 F)
1926
-34.4 C (-29.9 F)
1927
-41.1 C (-42.0 F)
1928
-36.7 C (-34.1 F)
1929
-40.6 C (-41.1 F)
1930
-37.8 C (-36.0 F)
1931
-31.1 C (-24.0 F)
1932
-33.9 C (-29.0 F)
1933
-38.9 C (-38.0 F)
1934
-38.9 C (-38.0 F)
1935
-43.3 C (-45.9 F)
1936
-46.7 C (-52.1 F)
1937
-41.7 C (-43.1 F)
1938
-41.7 C (-43.1 F)
1939
-41.1 C (-42.0 F)
1940
-37.2 C (-35.0 F)
1941
-36.7 C (-34.1 F)
1942
-39.4 C (-38.9 F)
1943
-44.4 C (-47.9 F)
1944
-42.8 C (-45.0 F)
1945
-36.1 C (-33.0 F)
1946
-40.0 C (-40.0 F)
1947
-44.4 C (-47.9 F)
1948
-43.9 C (-47.0 F)
1949
-42.8 C (-45.0 F)
1951
-34.4 C (-29.9 F)
1952
-36.7 C (-34.1 F)
1953
-30.0 C (-22.0 F)
1954
-45.6 C (-50.1 F)
1955
-37.8 C (-36.0 F)
1956
-40.6 C (-41.1 F)
1957
-37.2 C (-35.0 F)
1958
-37.2 C (-35.0 F)
1959
-26.1 C (-15.0 F)
1960
-41.7 C (-43.1 F)
1961
-41.7 C (-43.1 F)
1962
-42.8 C (-45.0 F)
1963
-38.3 C (-36.9 F)
1964
-37.8 C (-36.0 F)
1965
-41.7 C (-43.1 F)
1966
-40.6 C (-41.1 F)
1967
-41.1 C (-42.0 F)
1968
-41.7 C (-43.1 F)
1969
-43.9 C (-47.0 F)
1970
-41.1 C (-42.0 F)
1971
-37.8 C (-36.0 F)
1972
-43.9 C (-47.0 F)
1973
-41.1 C (-42.0 F)
1974
-43.9 C (-47.0 F)
1975
-36.7 C (-34.1 F)
1976
-38.3 C (-36.9 F)
1977
-42.2 C (-44.0 F)
1978
-39.4 C (-38.9 F)
1979
-40.0 C (-40.0 F)
1980
-37.0 C (-34.6 F)
1981
-37.0 C (-34.6 F)
1982
-41.0 C (-41.8 F)
Wettest day (Rx1day)
The wettest day of the year at Francis, 1922 to 1982. The record is 95.3 mm (3.8 in) in 1970, marked on the chart; the median year is 35.7 mm (1.4 in).
Wettest day (Rx1day) at Francis by year
Year
Wettest day (Rx1day)
1922
13.7 mm (0.5 in)
1923
49.5 mm (1.9 in)
1924
24.9 mm (1.0 in)
1925
48.3 mm (1.9 in)
1926
41.4 mm (1.6 in)
1927
69.9 mm (2.8 in)
1928
48.3 mm (1.9 in)
1929
31.8 mm (1.3 in)
1930
25.4 mm (1.0 in)
1931
26.7 mm (1.1 in)
1932
39.1 mm (1.5 in)
1933
41.4 mm (1.6 in)
1934
27.2 mm (1.1 in)
1935
53.3 mm (2.1 in)
1936
35.1 mm (1.4 in)
1937
29.2 mm (1.1 in)
1938
23.6 mm (0.9 in)
1939
16.0 mm (0.6 in)
1940
35.8 mm (1.4 in)
1941
47.0 mm (1.9 in)
1942
34.5 mm (1.4 in)
1943
45.2 mm (1.8 in)
1944
31.0 mm (1.2 in)
1945
34.3 mm (1.4 in)
1946
52.3 mm (2.1 in)
1947
30.5 mm (1.2 in)
1948
22.4 mm (0.9 in)
1949
41.9 mm (1.6 in)
1951
25.1 mm (1.0 in)
1952
52.8 mm (2.1 in)
1953
49.8 mm (2.0 in)
1954
41.9 mm (1.6 in)
1955
31.0 mm (1.2 in)
1956
68.6 mm (2.7 in)
1957
23.6 mm (0.9 in)
1958
11.4 mm (0.4 in)
1959
64.3 mm (2.5 in)
1960
27.9 mm (1.1 in)
1961
36.1 mm (1.4 in)
1962
29.2 mm (1.1 in)
1963
40.9 mm (1.6 in)
1964
44.7 mm (1.8 in)
1965
35.1 mm (1.4 in)
1966
34.5 mm (1.4 in)
1967
17.8 mm (0.7 in)
1968
32.0 mm (1.3 in)
1969
56.1 mm (2.2 in)
1970
95.3 mm (3.8 in)
1971
42.7 mm (1.7 in)
1972
30.2 mm (1.2 in)
1973
30.0 mm (1.2 in)
1974
47.8 mm (1.9 in)
1975
21.1 mm (0.8 in)
1976
49.5 mm (1.9 in)
1977
34.3 mm (1.4 in)
1978
35.6 mm (1.4 in)
1979
36.0 mm (1.4 in)
1980
71.4 mm (2.8 in)
1981
82.8 mm (3.3 in)
1982
61.0 mm (2.4 in)
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
The wettest five days of the year at Francis, 1922 to 1982. The record is 127.4 mm (5.0 in) in 1933, marked on the chart; the median year is 55.4 mm (2.2 in).
Wettest five days (Rx5day) at Francis by year
Year
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
1922
19.3 mm (0.8 in)
1923
77.0 mm (3.0 in)
1924
31.7 mm (1.2 in)
1925
85.3 mm (3.4 in)
1926
67.6 mm (2.7 in)
1927
100.8 mm (4.0 in)
1928
64.5 mm (2.5 in)
1929
45.8 mm (1.8 in)
1930
35.3 mm (1.4 in)
1931
54.2 mm (2.1 in)
1932
55.6 mm (2.2 in)
1933
127.4 mm (5.0 in)
1934
34.3 mm (1.4 in)
1935
76.7 mm (3.0 in)
1936
35.1 mm (1.4 in)
1937
30.5 mm (1.2 in)
1938
28.4 mm (1.1 in)
1939
40.0 mm (1.6 in)
1940
49.8 mm (2.0 in)
1941
55.4 mm (2.2 in)
1942
60.1 mm (2.4 in)
1943
53.1 mm (2.1 in)
1944
72.2 mm (2.8 in)
1945
59.4 mm (2.3 in)
1946
70.4 mm (2.8 in)
1947
50.5 mm (2.0 in)
1948
42.0 mm (1.7 in)
1949
51.0 mm (2.0 in)
1951
47.2 mm (1.9 in)
1952
59.6 mm (2.3 in)
1953
55.4 mm (2.2 in)
1954
52.3 mm (2.1 in)
1955
39.9 mm (1.6 in)
1956
78.7 mm (3.1 in)
1957
25.2 mm (1.0 in)
1958
17.8 mm (0.7 in)
1959
65.6 mm (2.6 in)
1960
69.3 mm (2.7 in)
1961
36.1 mm (1.4 in)
1962
44.5 mm (1.8 in)
1963
75.1 mm (3.0 in)
1964
57.4 mm (2.3 in)
1965
76.1 mm (3.0 in)
1966
57.4 mm (2.3 in)
1967
35.0 mm (1.4 in)
1968
60.4 mm (2.4 in)
1969
77.2 mm (3.0 in)
1970
108.1 mm (4.3 in)
1971
55.2 mm (2.2 in)
1972
44.9 mm (1.8 in)
1973
52.1 mm (2.1 in)
1974
124.1 mm (4.9 in)
1975
63.8 mm (2.5 in)
1976
78.2 mm (3.1 in)
1977
38.6 mm (1.5 in)
1978
42.7 mm (1.7 in)
1979
54.6 mm (2.1 in)
1980
80.2 mm (3.2 in)
1981
86.6 mm (3.4 in)
1982
80.6 mm (3.2 in)
Longest dry spell (CDD)
The longest dry spell of the year at Francis, 1922 to 1982. The record is 99 days in 1968, marked on the chart; the median year is 31 days.
Longest dry spell (CDD) at Francis by year
Year
Longest dry spell (CDD)
1922
22 days
1923
32 days
1924
25 days
1925
27 days
1926
18 days
1927
23 days
1928
40 days
1929
25 days
1930
27 days
1931
31 days
1932
26 days
1933
26 days
1934
44 days
1935
33 days
1936
37 days
1937
32 days
1938
28 days
1939
27 days
1940
33 days
1941
20 days
1942
28 days
1943
29 days
1944
50 days
1945
42 days
1946
19 days
1947
19 days
1948
30 days
1949
31 days
1951
35 days
1952
31 days
1953
26 days
1954
68 days
1955
28 days
1956
27 days
1957
33 days
1958
46 days
1959
38 days
1960
63 days
1961
38 days
1962
33 days
1963
40 days
1964
41 days
1965
48 days
1966
30 days
1967
27 days
1968
99 days
1969
25 days
1970
14 days
1971
29 days
1972
28 days
1973
38 days
1974
38 days
1975
28 days
1976
55 days
1977
43 days
1978
27 days
1979
45 days
1980
39 days
1981
52 days
1982
35 days
Each chart shows one value per year; the dot marks the record year. TXx is the hottest daily maximum, TNn the coldest daily minimum, Rx1day and Rx5day the largest one-day and five-day rain totals, and CDD the longest run of days with less than 1 mm of rain. A year with missing days can understate an extreme.
Frost Dates and Growing Season
44 years with a frost
Across 44 years with a frost, the median last spring frost at Francis falls on 3 June and the median first autumn frost on 4 September, which leaves a median of 93 days between them.
Fitted over all years, the growing season changes by -1.2 days per decade at this station.
Frost dates and growing season at Francis
Measure
Median, all years
Earliest period
Recent period (1938 to 1981)
Recent against earliest
Fitted trend
Last spring frost
3 June
n/a
2 June
n/a
-0.7 days per decade
First autumn frost
4 September
n/a
5 September
n/a
-1.9 days per decade
Growing days
93 days
n/a
94 days
n/a
-1.2 days per decade
A frost day is a day with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F). The last spring frost and the first autumn frost are the last and first such days of the cold season, and growing days are the days between them. A negative trend for the last spring frost means it comes earlier.
Rainfall Return Levels
48 years, 1923 to 1981
A day with at least 36.1 mm (1.4 in) of rain is expected about once in 2 years. A day with at least 96.9 mm (3.8 in) of rain is expected about once in 100 years.
Rainfall return levels at Francis: the daily rain expected about once in a given number of years
Expected about once in
A day with at least
Note
2 years
36.1 mm (1.4 in)
5 years
50.5 mm (2.0 in)
10 years
60.7 mm (2.4 in)
25 years
74.5 mm (2.9 in)
50 years
85.4 mm (3.4 in)
Longer than the 48 years of record
100 years
96.9 mm (3.8 in)
Longer than the 48 years of record
The levels come from a generalised extreme value (GEV) distribution fitted by L-moments to the wettest-day total of each year, 48 years of values from 1923 to 1981.
A return level is an estimate. It is least reliable for the long periods, 50 and 100 years, and for any period longer than the record behind the fit, where the fit has to reach past the largest day actually observed. It is not a forecast.
The largest wettest-day totals in the fit: 95.3 mm (3.8 in) in 1970; 82.8 mm (3.3 in) in 1981; 71.4 mm (2.8 in) in 1980.
Station Changes
1 suspected
One change was suspected in the annual mean temperature of Francis, at 1943. Each is measured against neighbouring stations.
Relative to 5 neighbouring stations, the station's annual mean temperature from 1943 ran 0.5 C (0.9 F) lower than in the years before (likely change).
Suspected changes in the annual mean temperature at Francis, against neighbouring stations
Year
Shift (C)
Shift (F)
Strength
Neighbours
1943
-0.5
-0.9
likely
5
Possible change at the station (a move, a new instrument or a new site); the record is kept as measured. A "likely" change has a larger test statistic than a "possible" one. Neither says why the station differs from its neighbours. How changes are found, and the largest ones.
Download the Data
Data for Francis standing records by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.
Data for Francis threshold days by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-16 (16 October 2026). Records are computed by this site and are not official.