Welland Weather Records (CA006139445)
Record envelope, standing records and threshold days for Welland (CA006139445), Ontario, Canada, with 143 years of record.
Key Facts for Welland
- Welland (CA006139445) is a weather station in Ontario, Canada at 43.00 latitude and -79.27 longitude, 175 m (574 ft) above sea level.
- The station reports from 1872 to 2014, 143 years of record.
- 1,464 records set at Welland still stand.
- Records are tracked for tmax, tmin, prcp, snow: an element needs 30 years of data to be eligible.
- Welland set a daily record precipitation of 25.0 mm (1.0 in) on 11 December 1983.
About the Station
- Location: Ontario, Canada, 43.00 latitude, -79.27 longitude.
- Elevation: 175 m (574 ft).
- Period of record: 1872 to 2014, 143 years.
- Eligible elements: tmax, tmin, prcp, snow.
Daily Record Envelope and 2026
0 days at or beyond a record| Month | Highest record high | Lowest record low | 2026 highest maximum | 2026 lowest minimum |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 20.0 C (68.0 F) | -32.8 C (-27.0 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Feb | 18.3 C (64.9 F) | -31.1 C (-24.0 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Mar | 26.7 C (80.1 F) | -27.8 C (-18.0 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Apr | 29.4 C (84.9 F) | -18.3 C (-0.9 F) | n/a | n/a |
| May | 33.9 C (93.0 F) | -6.1 C (21.0 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Jun | 36.1 C (97.0 F) | 1.1 C (34.0 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Jul | 37.8 C (100.0 F) | 3.9 C (39.0 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Aug | 37.8 C (100.0 F) | 0.5 C (32.9 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Sep | 35.0 C (95.0 F) | -2.2 C (28.0 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Oct | 32.2 C (90.0 F) | -8.9 C (16.0 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Nov | 25.6 C (78.1 F) | -20.0 C (-4.0 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Dec | 20.6 C (69.1 F) | -27.8 C (-18.0 F) | n/a | n/a |
Which Years Hold Standing Records
1,464 standing records| Year set | Standing records |
|---|---|
| 1872 | 14 |
| 1873 | 21 |
| 1874 | 20 |
| 1875 | 44 |
| 1876 | 31 |
| 1877 | 10 |
| 1878 | 8 |
| 1879 | 19 |
| 1880 | 15 |
| 1881 | 22 |
| 1882 | 5 |
| 1883 | 32 |
| 1884 | 31 |
| 1885 | 42 |
| 1886 | 21 |
| 1892 | 7 |
| 1893 | 9 |
| 1894 | 20 |
| 1895 | 31 |
| 1896 | 14 |
| 1897 | 9 |
| 1898 | 17 |
| 1899 | 14 |
| 1900 | 25 |
| 1901 | 12 |
| 1902 | 9 |
| 1903 | 14 |
| 1904 | 18 |
| 1905 | 3 |
| 1906 | 15 |
| 1907 | 6 |
| 1908 | 10 |
| 1909 | 10 |
| 1910 | 5 |
| 1911 | 14 |
| 1912 | 8 |
| 1913 | 10 |
| 1914 | 25 |
| 1915 | 7 |
| 1916 | 19 |
| 1917 | 11 |
| 1918 | 7 |
| 1919 | 17 |
| 1920 | 9 |
| 1921 | 15 |
| 1922 | 1 |
| 1923 | 18 |
| 1924 | 13 |
| 1925 | 17 |
| 1926 | 14 |
| 1927 | 15 |
| 1928 | 10 |
| 1929 | 6 |
| 1930 | 14 |
| 1931 | 15 |
| 1932 | 10 |
| 1933 | 15 |
| 1934 | 10 |
| 1935 | 10 |
| 1936 | 18 |
| 1937 | 10 |
| 1938 | 14 |
| 1939 | 3 |
| 1940 | 9 |
| 1941 | 10 |
| 1942 | 12 |
| 1943 | 6 |
| 1944 | 11 |
| 1945 | 23 |
| 1946 | 23 |
| 1947 | 18 |
| 1948 | 11 |
| 1949 | 12 |
| 1950 | 12 |
| 1951 | 17 |
| 1952 | 4 |
| 1953 | 6 |
| 1954 | 14 |
| 1955 | 6 |
| 1956 | 9 |
| 1957 | 3 |
| 1958 | 6 |
| 1959 | 17 |
| 1960 | 11 |
| 1961 | 12 |
| 1962 | 13 |
| 1963 | 16 |
| 1964 | 11 |
| 1965 | 16 |
| 1966 | 16 |
| 1967 | 12 |
| 1968 | 6 |
| 1969 | 9 |
| 1970 | 15 |
| 1971 | 6 |
| 1972 | 13 |
| 1973 | 10 |
| 1974 | 13 |
| 1975 | 8 |
| 1976 | 13 |
| 1977 | 13 |
| 1978 | 4 |
| 1979 | 28 |
| 1980 | 12 |
| 1981 | 11 |
| 1982 | 17 |
| 1983 | 12 |
All-Time Record Progression
2 new records| Date | Kind | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| 1911-07-04 | Record high maximum temperature | Record high maximum temperature 37.8 C (100.0 F) |
| 1934-02-08 | Record low maximum temperature | Record low maximum temperature -20.6 C (-5.1 F) |
Wettest Day of Each Month
Jul: 141.0 mm (5.6 in)| Month | Record daily precipitation (mm) | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 78.7 mm (3.1 in) | 22 January 1902 |
| Feb | 61.0 mm (2.4 in) | 12 February 1894 |
| Mar | 81.3 mm (3.2 in) | 1 March 1900 |
| Apr | 55.9 mm (2.2 in) | 3 April 1885 |
| May | 52.1 mm (2.1 in) | 19 May 1894 |
| Jun | 93.0 mm (3.7 in) | 25 June 1968 |
| Jul | 141.0 mm (5.6 in) | 3 July 1892 |
| Aug | 88.1 mm (3.5 in) | 17 August 1944 |
| Sep | 118.4 mm (4.7 in) | 30 September 1959 |
| Oct | 58.9 mm (2.3 in) | 15 October 1954 |
| Nov | 49.3 mm (1.9 in) | 30 November 1927 |
| Dec | 50.8 mm (2.0 in) | 5 December 1898 |
Period of Record Coverage
1872 to 1983| Year | Days with data | Share of year | Complete |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1872 | 92 | 25% | No |
| 1873 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1874 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1875 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 1876 | 364 | 99% | Yes |
| 1877 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 1878 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 1879 | 243 | 67% | No |
| 1880 | 108 | 30% | No |
| 1881 | 324 | 89% | No |
| 1882 | 122 | 33% | No |
| 1883 | 363 | 99% | Yes |
| 1884 | 356 | 97% | Yes |
| 1885 | 351 | 96% | Yes |
| 1886 | 341 | 93% | Yes |
| 1892 | 305 | 83% | No |
| 1893 | 363 | 99% | Yes |
| 1894 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1895 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1896 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1897 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1898 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1899 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 1900 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 1901 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1902 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1903 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1904 | 230 | 63% | No |
| 1905 | 342 | 94% | Yes |
| 1906 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1907 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1908 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1909 | 363 | 99% | Yes |
| 1910 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1911 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1912 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1913 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1914 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1915 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1916 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1917 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1918 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1919 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1920 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1921 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1922 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1923 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1924 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1925 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1926 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1927 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1928 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1929 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1930 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1931 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1932 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1933 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1934 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 1935 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 1936 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1937 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1938 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1939 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1940 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1941 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1942 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1943 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1944 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1945 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1946 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1947 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1948 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1949 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 1950 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1951 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1952 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1953 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1954 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1955 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1956 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1957 | 92 | 25% | No |
| 1958 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1959 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1960 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1961 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1962 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1963 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1964 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1965 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1966 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1967 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1968 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1969 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1970 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1971 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1972 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1973 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1974 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1975 | 334 | 92% | Yes |
| 1976 | 337 | 92% | Yes |
| 1977 | 335 | 92% | Yes |
| 1978 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 1979 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1980 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1981 | 330 | 90% | Yes |
| 1982 | 300 | 82% | No |
| 1983 | 363 | 99% | Yes |
Latest Records
20| Date | Station | Record | Value | Beat old record by | Old record stood | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 December 1983 | Welland, CA | daily rain | 25.0 mm (1.0 in) | 0.6 mm (0.02 in) | 88 years | 36 of 100 (Notable) |
| 24 September 1983 | Welland, CA | daily low min | 0.0 C (32.0 F) | 0.5 C (0.9 F) | 1 year | 11 of 100 (Routine) |
| 6 September 1983 | Welland, CA | daily high min | 22.0 C (71.6 F) | 0.3 C (0.5 F) | 101 years | 40 of 100 (Notable) |
| 11 August 1983 | Welland, CA | daily low max | 17.0 C (62.6 F) | 1.9 C (3.4 F) | 28 years | 23 of 100 (Routine) |
| 16 July 1983 | Welland, CA | daily high max | 34.5 C (94.1 F) | 1.7 C (3.1 F) | 104 years | 45 of 100 (Notable) |
| 27 June 1983 | Welland, CA | daily rain | 39.2 mm (1.5 in) | 21.4 mm (0.8 in) | 90 years | 61 of 100 (Major) |
| 6 June 1983 | Welland, CA | daily low max | 12.0 C (53.6 F) | 1.3 C (2.3 F) | 54 years | 29 of 100 (Routine) |
| 17 May 1983 | Welland, CA | daily low min | -2.0 C (28.4 F) | 0.3 C (0.5 F) | 99 years | 39 of 100 (Notable) |
| 16 May 1983 | Welland, CA | daily low max | 9.0 C (48.2 F) | 0.4 C (0.7 F) | 37 years | 21 of 100 (Routine) |
| 24 March 1983 | Welland, CA | daily low max | -5.0 C (23.0 F) | 0.6 C (1.1 F) | 104 years | 40 of 100 (Notable) |
| 18 March 1983 | Welland, CA | daily rain | 21.8 mm (0.9 in) | 1.0 mm (0.04 in) | 83 years | 20 of 100 (Routine) |
| 9 March 1983 | Welland, CA | daily high min | 3.0 C (37.4 F) | 1.3 C (2.3 F) | 85 years | 37 of 100 (Notable) |
| 8 March 1983 | Welland, CA | daily high min | 4.5 C (40.1 F) | 2.3 C (4.1 F) | 61 years | 32 of 100 (Routine) |
| 7 March 1983 | Welland, CA | daily high max | 21.0 C (69.8 F) | 6.0 C (10.8 F) | 8 years | 21 of 100 (Routine) |
| 5 March 1983 | Welland, CA | daily high max | 15.5 C (59.9 F) | 0.5 C (0.9 F) | 88 years | 36 of 100 (Notable) |
| 28 December 1982 | Welland, CA | daily high max | 17.5 C (63.5 F) | 4.2 C (7.6 F) | 77 years | 40 of 100 (Notable) |
| 28 December 1982 | Welland, CA | daily high min | 5.0 C (41.0 F) | 1.7 C (3.1 F) | 41 years | 24 of 100 (Routine) |
| 25 December 1982 | Welland, CA | daily high min | 9.0 C (48.2 F) | 4.6 C (8.3 F) | 106 years | 47 of 100 (Notable) |
| 15 December 1982 | Welland, CA | daily rain | 25.2 mm (1.0 in) | 0.3 mm (0.01 in) | 88 years | 36 of 100 (Notable) |
| 3 December 1982 | Welland, CA | monthly high min | 13.0 C (55.4 F) | 1.3 C (2.3 F) | 40 years | 34 of 100 (Routine) |
Climate Trend
92 complete years, 1873 to 1983| Year | Annual mean temperature | Difference from the station mean |
|---|---|---|
| 1873 | 6.8 C | -1.53 C |
| 1874 | 7.5 C | -0.84 C |
| 1875 | 5.4 C | -2.94 C |
| 1876 | 6.7 C | -1.63 C |
| 1877 | 7.9 C | -0.37 C |
| 1878 | 9.0 C | +0.67 C |
| 1883 | 6.0 C | -2.26 C |
| 1884 | 6.8 C | -1.46 C |
| 1885 | 5.5 C | -2.83 C |
| 1893 | 6.9 C | -1.44 C |
| 1894 | 8.6 C | +0.33 C |
| 1895 | 7.4 C | -0.94 C |
| 1896 | 7.9 C | -0.37 C |
| 1897 | 8.1 C | -0.24 C |
| 1898 | 9.1 C | +0.81 C |
| 1899 | 8.1 C | -0.21 C |
| 1900 | 9.0 C | +0.66 C |
| 1901 | 8.0 C | -0.34 C |
| 1902 | 8.0 C | -0.27 C |
| 1903 | 8.0 C | -0.28 C |
| 1906 | 8.5 C | +0.21 C |
| 1907 | 7.5 C | -0.82 C |
| 1908 | 8.9 C | +0.60 C |
| 1909 | 8.2 C | -0.08 C |
| 1910 | 8.0 C | -0.27 C |
| 1911 | 8.8 C | +0.54 C |
| 1912 | 7.5 C | -0.84 C |
| 1913 | 9.0 C | +0.74 C |
| 1914 | 7.9 C | -0.37 C |
| 1915 | 8.6 C | +0.27 C |
| 1916 | 8.0 C | -0.30 C |
| 1917 | 6.3 C | -1.96 C |
| 1918 | 8.0 C | -0.33 C |
| 1919 | 8.8 C | +0.49 C |
| 1920 | 7.8 C | -0.46 C |
| 1921 | 9.9 C | +1.61 C |
| 1922 | 8.6 C | +0.35 C |
| 1923 | 7.6 C | -0.68 C |
| 1924 | 7.1 C | -1.23 C |
| 1925 | 7.9 C | -0.44 C |
| 1926 | 7.0 C | -1.34 C |
| 1927 | 8.5 C | +0.22 C |
| 1928 | 8.4 C | +0.10 C |
| 1929 | 8.0 C | -0.27 C |
| 1930 | 8.8 C | +0.52 C |
| 1931 | 10.0 C | +1.69 C |
| 1932 | 9.2 C | +0.90 C |
| 1933 | 9.3 C | +0.96 C |
| 1934 | 8.2 C | -0.13 C |
| 1935 | 8.2 C | -0.09 C |
| 1936 | 8.1 C | -0.17 C |
| 1937 | 8.8 C | +0.51 C |
| 1938 | 9.3 C | +0.96 C |
| 1939 | 8.7 C | +0.38 C |
| 1940 | 7.5 C | -0.77 C |
| 1941 | 9.3 C | +1.02 C |
| 1942 | 8.8 C | +0.55 C |
| 1943 | 8.0 C | -0.30 C |
| 1944 | 9.3 C | +0.98 C |
| 1945 | 8.5 C | +0.19 C |
| 1946 | 9.7 C | +1.43 C |
| 1947 | 9.1 C | +0.77 C |
| 1948 | 9.2 C | +0.92 C |
| 1949 | 10.2 C | +1.86 C |
| 1950 | 8.4 C | +0.08 C |
| 1951 | 9.0 C | +0.74 C |
| 1952 | 9.7 C | +1.43 C |
| 1953 | 10.1 C | +1.79 C |
| 1954 | 9.1 C | +0.79 C |
| 1955 | 9.6 C | +1.28 C |
| 1956 | 8.5 C | +0.17 C |
| 1958 | 7.9 C | -0.36 C |
| 1959 | 9.0 C | +0.74 C |
| 1960 | 8.3 C | -0.01 C |
| 1961 | 8.7 C | +0.45 C |
| 1962 | 8.3 C | -0.04 C |
| 1963 | 7.8 C | -0.49 C |
| 1964 | 8.7 C | +0.45 C |
| 1965 | 8.1 C | -0.18 C |
| 1966 | 8.3 C | +0.05 C |
| 1967 | 8.4 C | +0.07 C |
| 1968 | 8.5 C | +0.17 C |
| 1969 | 8.4 C | +0.14 C |
| 1970 | 8.5 C | +0.20 C |
| 1971 | 8.6 C | +0.35 C |
| 1972 | 7.7 C | -0.58 C |
| 1973 | 9.4 C | +1.14 C |
| 1974 | 8.2 C | -0.12 C |
| 1978 | 7.6 C | -0.73 C |
| 1979 | 8.5 C | +0.24 C |
| 1980 | 8.1 C | -0.21 C |
| 1983 | 8.6 C | +0.27 C |
The annual mean temperature here has risen by 0.1 C (0.1 to 0.2) per decade over 1873 to 1983. In Fahrenheit: 0.3 F (0.1 to 0.4) per decade. The slope is a straight line fitted to 92 complete years; the brackets give its 95 percent interval.
| Measure | Per decade (C) | Per decade (F) | Period | Complete years | Reading |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annual mean temperature | 0.1 C (0.1 to 0.2) per decade | 0.3 F (0.1 to 0.4) per decade | 1873 to 1983 | 92 | Rise |
| Mean daily maximum | 0.10 C (0.03 to 0.17) per decade | 0.2 F (0.1 to 0.3) per decade | 1873 to 1983 | 92 | Rise |
| Mean daily minimum | 0.2 C (0.1 to 0.2) per decade | 0.3 F (0.2 to 0.4) per decade | 1873 to 1983 | 92 | Rise |
A year is complete when all 12 months have at least 20 days of both daily maximum and daily minimum readings. The annual mean is the mean of the monthly means. The trend describes this one station over this period; it does not say what caused the change.
Extremes by Year
1872 to 1983| Measure | Record | Year of the record | Median year | Years with a value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hottest day (TXx) | 37.8 C (100.0 F) | 1911 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) | 107 |
| Coldest night (TNn) | -32.8 C (-27.0 F) | 1884 | -22.8 C (-9.0 F) | 107 |
| Wettest day (Rx1day) | 141.0 mm (5.6 in) | 1892 | 42.9 mm (1.7 in) | 107 |
| Wettest five days (Rx5day) | 173.3 mm (6.8 in) | 1892 | 67.8 mm (2.7 in) | 107 |
| Longest dry spell (CDD) | 37 days | 1924 | 17 days | 107 |
Hottest day (TXx)
| Year | Hottest day (TXx) |
|---|---|
| 1872 | 24.4 C (75.9 F) |
| 1873 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1874 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1875 | 31.7 C (89.1 F) |
| 1876 | 33.9 C (93.0 F) |
| 1877 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1878 | 36.7 C (98.1 F) |
| 1879 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1880 | 30.0 C (86.0 F) |
| 1881 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1882 | 25.0 C (77.0 F) |
| 1883 | 31.1 C (88.0 F) |
| 1884 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1885 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1886 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1892 | 36.7 C (98.1 F) |
| 1893 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1894 | 34.4 C (93.9 F) |
| 1895 | 33.9 C (93.0 F) |
| 1896 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1897 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 1898 | 34.4 C (93.9 F) |
| 1899 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1900 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1901 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 1902 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1903 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1904 | 34.4 C (93.9 F) |
| 1905 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1906 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1907 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1908 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 1909 | 33.9 C (93.0 F) |
| 1910 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1911 | 37.8 C (100.0 F) |
| 1912 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1913 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1914 | 36.1 C (97.0 F) |
| 1915 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1916 | 36.1 C (97.0 F) |
| 1917 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1918 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1919 | 34.4 C (93.9 F) |
| 1920 | 30.6 C (87.1 F) |
| 1921 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 1922 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1923 | 33.9 C (93.0 F) |
| 1924 | 31.1 C (88.0 F) |
| 1925 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1926 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1927 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1928 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1929 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1930 | 34.4 C (93.9 F) |
| 1931 | 37.8 C (100.0 F) |
| 1932 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1933 | 36.7 C (98.1 F) |
| 1934 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1935 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1936 | 37.2 C (99.0 F) |
| 1937 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1938 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1939 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1940 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1941 | 36.7 C (98.1 F) |
| 1942 | 33.9 C (93.0 F) |
| 1943 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1944 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 1945 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1946 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 1947 | 34.4 C (93.9 F) |
| 1948 | 37.8 C (100.0 F) |
| 1949 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1950 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1951 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1952 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1953 | 33.9 C (93.0 F) |
| 1954 | 31.7 C (89.1 F) |
| 1955 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1956 | 31.1 C (88.0 F) |
| 1957 | 22.2 C (72.0 F) |
| 1958 | 30.6 C (87.1 F) |
| 1959 | 33.9 C (93.0 F) |
| 1960 | 31.1 C (88.0 F) |
| 1961 | 31.7 C (89.1 F) |
| 1962 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1963 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1964 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1965 | 31.1 C (88.0 F) |
| 1966 | 33.9 C (93.0 F) |
| 1967 | 31.1 C (88.0 F) |
| 1968 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1969 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1970 | 31.1 C (88.0 F) |
| 1971 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1972 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1973 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 1974 | 30.6 C (87.1 F) |
| 1975 | 33.9 C (93.0 F) |
| 1976 | 31.7 C (89.1 F) |
| 1977 | 33.0 C (91.4 F) |
| 1978 | 33.0 C (91.4 F) |
| 1979 | 32.5 C (90.5 F) |
| 1980 | 32.5 C (90.5 F) |
| 1981 | 32.0 C (89.6 F) |
| 1982 | 31.5 C (88.7 F) |
| 1983 | 34.5 C (94.1 F) |
Coldest night (TNn)
| Year | Coldest night (TNn) |
|---|---|
| 1872 | -25.0 C (-13.0 F) |
| 1873 | -31.7 C (-25.1 F) |
| 1874 | -20.0 C (-4.0 F) |
| 1875 | -25.6 C (-14.1 F) |
| 1876 | -21.7 C (-7.1 F) |
| 1877 | -20.0 C (-4.0 F) |
| 1878 | -21.7 C (-7.1 F) |
| 1879 | -23.3 C (-9.9 F) |
| 1880 | -22.8 C (-9.0 F) |
| 1881 | -27.2 C (-17.0 F) |
| 1882 | -25.0 C (-13.0 F) |
| 1883 | -24.4 C (-11.9 F) |
| 1884 | -32.8 C (-27.0 F) |
| 1885 | -28.3 C (-18.9 F) |
| 1886 | -28.9 C (-20.0 F) |
| 1892 | -20.0 C (-4.0 F) |
| 1893 | -25.6 C (-14.1 F) |
| 1894 | -24.4 C (-11.9 F) |
| 1895 | -28.3 C (-18.9 F) |
| 1896 | -27.8 C (-18.0 F) |
| 1897 | -23.3 C (-9.9 F) |
| 1898 | -21.7 C (-7.1 F) |
| 1899 | -27.2 C (-17.0 F) |
| 1900 | -20.0 C (-4.0 F) |
| 1901 | -21.7 C (-7.1 F) |
| 1902 | -20.6 C (-5.1 F) |
| 1903 | -21.1 C (-6.0 F) |
| 1904 | -29.4 C (-20.9 F) |
| 1905 | -27.2 C (-17.0 F) |
| 1906 | -22.8 C (-9.0 F) |
| 1907 | -25.0 C (-13.0 F) |
| 1908 | -24.4 C (-11.9 F) |
| 1909 | -25.6 C (-14.1 F) |
| 1910 | -25.0 C (-13.0 F) |
| 1911 | -20.6 C (-5.1 F) |
| 1912 | -25.6 C (-14.1 F) |
| 1913 | -20.0 C (-4.0 F) |
| 1914 | -26.1 C (-15.0 F) |
| 1915 | -22.2 C (-8.0 F) |
| 1916 | -25.0 C (-13.0 F) |
| 1917 | -25.6 C (-14.1 F) |
| 1918 | -28.3 C (-18.9 F) |
| 1919 | -22.8 C (-9.0 F) |
| 1920 | -23.9 C (-11.0 F) |
| 1921 | -20.6 C (-5.1 F) |
| 1922 | -18.9 C (-2.0 F) |
| 1923 | -21.1 C (-6.0 F) |
| 1924 | -23.3 C (-9.9 F) |
| 1925 | -27.8 C (-18.0 F) |
| 1926 | -20.6 C (-5.1 F) |
| 1927 | -24.4 C (-11.9 F) |
| 1928 | -21.7 C (-7.1 F) |
| 1929 | -22.8 C (-9.0 F) |
| 1930 | -20.6 C (-5.1 F) |
| 1931 | -20.0 C (-4.0 F) |
| 1932 | -16.1 C (3.0 F) |
| 1933 | -22.2 C (-8.0 F) |
| 1934 | -31.1 C (-24.0 F) |
| 1935 | -26.1 C (-15.0 F) |
| 1936 | -22.8 C (-9.0 F) |
| 1937 | -19.4 C (-2.9 F) |
| 1938 | -20.0 C (-4.0 F) |
| 1939 | -21.7 C (-7.1 F) |
| 1940 | -21.7 C (-7.1 F) |
| 1941 | -17.8 C (0.0 F) |
| 1942 | -24.4 C (-11.9 F) |
| 1943 | -27.8 C (-18.0 F) |
| 1944 | -23.3 C (-9.9 F) |
| 1945 | -27.8 C (-18.0 F) |
| 1946 | -18.3 C (-0.9 F) |
| 1947 | -16.7 C (1.9 F) |
| 1948 | -23.3 C (-9.9 F) |
| 1949 | -15.0 C (5.0 F) |
| 1950 | -19.4 C (-2.9 F) |
| 1951 | -18.9 C (-2.0 F) |
| 1952 | -17.8 C (0.0 F) |
| 1953 | -14.4 C (6.1 F) |
| 1954 | -19.4 C (-2.9 F) |
| 1955 | -22.2 C (-8.0 F) |
| 1956 | -15.6 C (3.9 F) |
| 1957 | -14.4 C (6.1 F) |
| 1958 | -22.2 C (-8.0 F) |
| 1959 | -20.6 C (-5.1 F) |
| 1960 | -24.4 C (-11.9 F) |
| 1961 | -21.1 C (-6.0 F) |
| 1962 | -23.3 C (-9.9 F) |
| 1963 | -23.3 C (-9.9 F) |
| 1964 | -20.6 C (-5.1 F) |
| 1965 | -22.8 C (-9.0 F) |
| 1966 | -24.4 C (-11.9 F) |
| 1967 | -25.0 C (-13.0 F) |
| 1968 | -23.9 C (-11.0 F) |
| 1969 | -17.8 C (0.0 F) |
| 1970 | -25.6 C (-14.1 F) |
| 1971 | -21.1 C (-6.0 F) |
| 1972 | -21.1 C (-6.0 F) |
| 1973 | -22.2 C (-8.0 F) |
| 1974 | -22.8 C (-9.0 F) |
| 1975 | -17.8 C (0.0 F) |
| 1976 | -27.2 C (-17.0 F) |
| 1977 | -25.6 C (-14.1 F) |
| 1978 | -26.0 C (-14.8 F) |
| 1979 | -29.5 C (-21.1 F) |
| 1980 | -26.0 C (-14.8 F) |
| 1981 | -25.5 C (-13.9 F) |
| 1982 | -25.5 C (-13.9 F) |
| 1983 | -19.5 C (-3.1 F) |
Wettest day (Rx1day)
| Year | Wettest day (Rx1day) |
|---|---|
| 1872 | 22.9 mm (0.9 in) |
| 1873 | 42.9 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1874 | 36.1 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1875 | 28.4 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1876 | 34.0 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1877 | 38.9 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1878 | 24.1 mm (0.9 in) |
| 1879 | 44.5 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1880 | 19.3 mm (0.8 in) |
| 1881 | 36.8 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1882 | 17.8 mm (0.7 in) |
| 1883 | 38.1 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1884 | 45.7 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1885 | 55.9 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1886 | 41.1 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1892 | 141.0 mm (5.6 in) |
| 1893 | 63.0 mm (2.5 in) |
| 1894 | 61.0 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1895 | 45.7 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1896 | 37.6 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1897 | 38.1 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1898 | 53.6 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1899 | 52.1 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1900 | 81.3 mm (3.2 in) |
| 1901 | 53.3 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1902 | 78.7 mm (3.1 in) |
| 1903 | 38.4 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1904 | 35.6 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1905 | 34.0 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1906 | 57.9 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1907 | 39.4 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1908 | 31.5 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1909 | 37.6 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1910 | 86.4 mm (3.4 in) |
| 1911 | 26.4 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1912 | 53.1 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1913 | 42.7 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1914 | 31.0 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1915 | 50.8 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1916 | 50.3 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1917 | 43.9 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1918 | 46.0 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1919 | 31.0 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1920 | 58.4 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1921 | 55.1 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1922 | 50.8 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1923 | 29.7 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1924 | 49.5 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1925 | 34.8 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1926 | 50.8 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1927 | 59.7 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1928 | 63.0 mm (2.5 in) |
| 1929 | 95.3 mm (3.8 in) |
| 1930 | 30.2 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1931 | 36.1 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1932 | 38.1 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1933 | 38.9 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1934 | 29.5 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1935 | 27.4 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1936 | 61.0 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1937 | 106.7 mm (4.2 in) |
| 1938 | 49.3 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1939 | 47.0 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1940 | 44.2 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1941 | 36.3 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1942 | 46.5 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1943 | 44.2 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1944 | 88.1 mm (3.5 in) |
| 1945 | 48.8 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1946 | 45.2 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1947 | 34.0 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1948 | 36.6 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1949 | 49.8 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1950 | 24.6 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1951 | 34.8 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1952 | 60.2 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1953 | 47.8 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1954 | 58.9 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1955 | 43.9 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1956 | 34.3 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1957 | 23.1 mm (0.9 in) |
| 1958 | 36.3 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1959 | 118.4 mm (4.7 in) |
| 1960 | 40.1 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1961 | 53.3 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1962 | 47.0 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1963 | 53.3 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1964 | 57.7 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1965 | 30.2 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1966 | 40.6 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1967 | 34.0 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1968 | 93.0 mm (3.7 in) |
| 1969 | 49.0 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1970 | 34.8 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1971 | 34.8 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1972 | 46.2 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1973 | 39.9 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1974 | 33.8 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1975 | 49.5 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1976 | 39.4 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1977 | 42.6 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1978 | 50.0 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1979 | 69.0 mm (2.7 in) |
| 1980 | 36.5 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1981 | 39.3 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1982 | 28.8 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1983 | 39.2 mm (1.5 in) |
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
| Year | Wettest five days (Rx5day) |
|---|---|
| 1872 | 63.5 mm (2.5 in) |
| 1873 | 48.3 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1874 | 45.0 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1875 | 39.1 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1876 | 38.3 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1877 | 46.7 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1878 | 51.8 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1879 | 47.5 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1880 | 38.8 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1881 | 65.0 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1882 | 28.0 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1883 | 68.6 mm (2.7 in) |
| 1884 | 76.2 mm (3.0 in) |
| 1885 | 73.6 mm (2.9 in) |
| 1886 | 73.1 mm (2.9 in) |
| 1892 | 173.3 mm (6.8 in) |
| 1893 | 91.5 mm (3.6 in) |
| 1894 | 150.7 mm (5.9 in) |
| 1895 | 91.4 mm (3.6 in) |
| 1896 | 83.9 mm (3.3 in) |
| 1897 | 104.4 mm (4.1 in) |
| 1898 | 73.6 mm (2.9 in) |
| 1899 | 70.4 mm (2.8 in) |
| 1900 | 111.8 mm (4.4 in) |
| 1901 | 68.5 mm (2.7 in) |
| 1902 | 104.1 mm (4.1 in) |
| 1903 | 56.4 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1904 | 101.6 mm (4.0 in) |
| 1905 | 62.8 mm (2.5 in) |
| 1906 | 63.1 mm (2.5 in) |
| 1907 | 71.9 mm (2.8 in) |
| 1908 | 77.2 mm (3.0 in) |
| 1909 | 62.2 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1910 | 89.7 mm (3.5 in) |
| 1911 | 53.9 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1912 | 79.3 mm (3.1 in) |
| 1913 | 68.1 mm (2.7 in) |
| 1914 | 65.8 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1915 | 75.4 mm (3.0 in) |
| 1916 | 60.7 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1917 | 105.9 mm (4.2 in) |
| 1918 | 47.2 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1919 | 48.7 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1920 | 67.8 mm (2.7 in) |
| 1921 | 67.1 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1922 | 59.6 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1923 | 52.3 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1924 | 105.7 mm (4.2 in) |
| 1925 | 74.1 mm (2.9 in) |
| 1926 | 65.6 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1927 | 88.7 mm (3.5 in) |
| 1928 | 116.3 mm (4.6 in) |
| 1929 | 95.3 mm (3.8 in) |
| 1930 | 86.3 mm (3.4 in) |
| 1931 | 45.2 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1932 | 76.2 mm (3.0 in) |
| 1933 | 45.5 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1934 | 40.9 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1935 | 43.6 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1936 | 83.8 mm (3.3 in) |
| 1937 | 139.4 mm (5.5 in) |
| 1938 | 65.9 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1939 | 58.9 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1940 | 66.1 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1941 | 54.6 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1942 | 84.4 mm (3.3 in) |
| 1943 | 72.4 mm (2.9 in) |
| 1944 | 88.4 mm (3.5 in) |
| 1945 | 140.0 mm (5.5 in) |
| 1946 | 49.3 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1947 | 56.9 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1948 | 42.4 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1949 | 86.4 mm (3.4 in) |
| 1950 | 47.4 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1951 | 55.1 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1952 | 60.5 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1953 | 81.6 mm (3.2 in) |
| 1954 | 74.4 mm (2.9 in) |
| 1955 | 86.4 mm (3.4 in) |
| 1956 | 77.3 mm (3.0 in) |
| 1957 | 37.4 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1958 | 49.6 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1959 | 138.7 mm (5.5 in) |
| 1960 | 66.9 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1961 | 80.7 mm (3.2 in) |
| 1962 | 74.2 mm (2.9 in) |
| 1963 | 60.9 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1964 | 73.9 mm (2.9 in) |
| 1965 | 58.6 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1966 | 55.7 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1967 | 78.2 mm (3.1 in) |
| 1968 | 104.2 mm (4.1 in) |
| 1969 | 58.9 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1970 | 48.7 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1971 | 55.4 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1972 | 56.6 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1973 | 84.6 mm (3.3 in) |
| 1974 | 48.5 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1975 | 70.8 mm (2.8 in) |
| 1976 | 79.5 mm (3.1 in) |
| 1977 | 80.6 mm (3.2 in) |
| 1978 | 82.0 mm (3.2 in) |
| 1979 | 101.2 mm (4.0 in) |
| 1980 | 59.6 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1981 | 59.5 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1982 | 63.8 mm (2.5 in) |
| 1983 | 57.4 mm (2.3 in) |
Longest dry spell (CDD)
| Year | Longest dry spell (CDD) |
|---|---|
| 1872 | 8 days |
| 1873 | 18 days |
| 1874 | 20 days |
| 1875 | 17 days |
| 1876 | 19 days |
| 1877 | 32 days |
| 1878 | 21 days |
| 1879 | 14 days |
| 1880 | 17 days |
| 1881 | 15 days |
| 1882 | 11 days |
| 1883 | 21 days |
| 1884 | 28 days |
| 1885 | 17 days |
| 1886 | 29 days |
| 1892 | 12 days |
| 1893 | 15 days |
| 1894 | 26 days |
| 1895 | 14 days |
| 1896 | 29 days |
| 1897 | 23 days |
| 1898 | 14 days |
| 1899 | 34 days |
| 1900 | 22 days |
| 1901 | 15 days |
| 1902 | 19 days |
| 1903 | 21 days |
| 1904 | 13 days |
| 1905 | 21 days |
| 1906 | 23 days |
| 1907 | 16 days |
| 1908 | 25 days |
| 1909 | 18 days |
| 1910 | 15 days |
| 1911 | 16 days |
| 1912 | 16 days |
| 1913 | 15 days |
| 1914 | 19 days |
| 1915 | 18 days |
| 1916 | 15 days |
| 1917 | 22 days |
| 1918 | 20 days |
| 1919 | 20 days |
| 1920 | 13 days |
| 1921 | 12 days |
| 1922 | 22 days |
| 1923 | 22 days |
| 1924 | 37 days |
| 1925 | 15 days |
| 1926 | 10 days |
| 1927 | 12 days |
| 1928 | 22 days |
| 1929 | 19 days |
| 1930 | 23 days |
| 1931 | 15 days |
| 1932 | 14 days |
| 1933 | 16 days |
| 1934 | 23 days |
| 1935 | 18 days |
| 1936 | 25 days |
| 1937 | 16 days |
| 1938 | 17 days |
| 1939 | 20 days |
| 1940 | 11 days |
| 1941 | 22 days |
| 1942 | 15 days |
| 1943 | 27 days |
| 1944 | 14 days |
| 1945 | 18 days |
| 1946 | 12 days |
| 1947 | 18 days |
| 1948 | 24 days |
| 1949 | 18 days |
| 1950 | 17 days |
| 1951 | 12 days |
| 1952 | 26 days |
| 1953 | 17 days |
| 1954 | 13 days |
| 1955 | 20 days |
| 1956 | 15 days |
| 1957 | 16 days |
| 1958 | 21 days |
| 1959 | 16 days |
| 1960 | 17 days |
| 1961 | 12 days |
| 1962 | 16 days |
| 1963 | 26 days |
| 1964 | 22 days |
| 1965 | 18 days |
| 1966 | 18 days |
| 1967 | 11 days |
| 1968 | 12 days |
| 1969 | 18 days |
| 1970 | 19 days |
| 1971 | 14 days |
| 1972 | 12 days |
| 1973 | 18 days |
| 1974 | 12 days |
| 1975 | 15 days |
| 1976 | 17 days |
| 1977 | 13 days |
| 1978 | 14 days |
| 1979 | 9 days |
| 1980 | 15 days |
| 1981 | 11 days |
| 1982 | 16 days |
| 1983 | 11 days |
Each chart shows one value per year; the dot marks the record year. TXx is the hottest daily maximum, TNn the coldest daily minimum, Rx1day and Rx5day the largest one-day and five-day rain totals, and CDD the longest run of days with less than 1 mm of rain. A year with missing days can understate an extreme.
Frost Dates and Growing Season
92 years with a frostAcross 92 years with a frost, the median last spring frost at Welland falls on 7 May and the median first autumn frost on 10 October, which leaves a median of 158 days between them.
In 1948 to 1983 the median growing season was 163 days. That is 10 days more than in 1873 to 1915.
Fitted over all years, the growing season changes by +1.2 days per decade at this station.
| Measure | Median, all years | Earliest period (1873 to 1915) | Recent period (1948 to 1983) | Recent against earliest | Fitted trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last spring frost | 7 May | 7 May | 4 May | 3 days earlier | -0.4 days per decade |
| First autumn frost | 10 October | 9 October | 13 October | 4 days later | +0.8 days per decade |
| Growing days | 158 days | 153 days | 163 days | 10 days more | +1.2 days per decade |
A frost day is a day with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F). The last spring frost and the first autumn frost are the last and first such days of the cold season, and growing days are the days between them. A negative trend for the last spring frost means it comes earlier.
Rainfall Return Levels
89 years, 1874 to 1983A day with at least 44.1 mm (1.7 in) of rain is expected about once in 2 years. A day with at least 115.7 mm (4.6 in) of rain is expected about once in 100 years.
| Expected about once in | A day with at least | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 2 years | 44.1 mm (1.7 in) | |
| 5 years | 58.1 mm (2.3 in) | |
| 10 years | 69.2 mm (2.7 in) | |
| 25 years | 85.6 mm (3.4 in) | |
| 50 years | 99.7 mm (3.9 in) | |
| 100 years | 115.7 mm (4.6 in) | Longer than the 89 years of record |
The levels come from a generalised extreme value (GEV) distribution fitted by L-moments to the wettest-day total of each year, 89 years of values from 1874 to 1983.
A return level is an estimate. It is least reliable for the long periods, 50 and 100 years, and for any period longer than the record behind the fit, where the fit has to reach past the largest day actually observed. It is not a forecast.
The largest wettest-day totals in the fit: 118.4 mm (4.7 in) in 1959; 106.7 mm (4.2 in) in 1937; 95.3 mm (3.8 in) in 1929.
Station Changes
1 suspectedOne change was suspected in the annual mean temperature of Welland, at 1953. Each is measured against neighbouring stations.
- Relative to 5 neighbouring stations, the station's annual mean temperature from 1953 ran 0.2 C (0.3 F) lower than in the years before (possible change).
| Year | Shift (C) | Shift (F) | Strength | Neighbours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1953 | -0.1 | -0.3 | possible | 5 |
Possible change at the station (a move, a new instrument or a new site); the record is kept as measured. A "likely" change has a larger test statistic than a "possible" one. Neither says why the station differs from its neighbours. How changes are found, and the largest ones.
Download the Data
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-17 (17 October 2026). Records are computed by this site and are not official.
Data as of . Last revised (2026-10-17).