Record envelope, standing records and threshold days for Rafha (SAM00040362), Saudi Arabia, with 63 years of record.
Key Facts for Rafha
Rafha (SAM00040362) is a weather station in Saudi Arabia at 29.63 latitude and 43.49 longitude, 449 m (1,474 ft) above sea level.
The station reports from 1963 to 2025, 63 years of record.
1,464 records set at Rafha still stand.
Records are tracked for tmax, tmin: an element needs 30 years of data to be eligible.
Rafha set a daily record high maximum temperature of 45.6 C (114.1 F) on 23 May 2025.
About the Station
Location: Saudi Arabia, 29.63 latitude, 43.49 longitude.
Elevation: 449 m (1,474 ft).
Period of record: 1963 to 2025, 63 years.
Eligible elements: tmax, tmin.
Daily Record Envelope and 2026
4 days at or beyond a record
Record highRecord low2026 daily maximum2026 daily minimum
The band shows the record high and record low for each calendar day at Rafha. The lines show the 2026 daily maximum and minimum. 4 days in 2026 matched or passed a record. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius.
Daily record high and record low at Rafha, with 2026 drawn through them
Month
Highest record high
Lowest record low
2026 highest maximum
2026 lowest minimum
Jan
29.8 C (85.6 F)
-5.8 C (21.6 F)
20.7 C (69.3 F)
-0.3 C (31.5 F)
Feb
34.2 C (93.6 F)
-5.0 C (23.0 F)
26.0 C (78.8 F)
-2.0 C (28.4 F)
Mar
42.0 C (107.6 F)
-2.0 C (28.4 F)
33.4 C (92.1 F)
1.7 C (35.1 F)
Apr
43.2 C (109.8 F)
3.0 C (37.4 F)
42.1 C (107.8 F)
12.5 C (54.5 F)
May
46.0 C (114.8 F)
9.0 C (48.2 F)
45.6 C (114.1 F)
17.9 C (64.2 F)
Jun
48.2 C (118.8 F)
13.0 C (55.4 F)
45.4 C (113.7 F)
20.8 C (69.4 F)
Jul
50.6 C (123.1 F)
14.0 C (57.2 F)
45.4 C (113.7 F)
22.4 C (72.3 F)
Aug
54.7 C (130.5 F)
16.0 C (60.8 F)
46.7 C (116.1 F)
25.3 C (77.5 F)
Sep
49.4 C (120.9 F)
13.0 C (55.4 F)
n/a
n/a
Oct
43.1 C (109.6 F)
3.8 C (38.8 F)
n/a
n/a
Nov
36.4 C (97.5 F)
-3.1 C (26.4 F)
n/a
n/a
Dec
31.0 C (87.8 F)
-5.8 C (21.6 F)
n/a
n/a
Which Years Hold Standing Records
1,464 standing records
Year with most
1,464 records at Rafha still stand. 2020 holds the most, with 73.
Standing records at Rafha by the year they were set
Year set
Standing records
1966
2
1967
1
1968
1
1973
35
1974
57
1975
9
1976
12
1977
38
1978
52
1979
34
1980
33
1981
24
1982
24
1983
31
1984
36
1985
27
1986
22
1987
30
1988
19
1989
32
1990
17
1991
21
1992
52
1993
23
1994
31
1995
12
1996
28
1997
25
1998
28
1999
9
2000
23
2001
29
2002
14
2003
24
2004
20
2005
16
2006
16
2007
20
2008
28
2009
22
2010
45
2011
25
2012
24
2013
10
2014
11
2015
23
2016
27
2017
30
2018
37
2019
58
2020
73
2021
45
2022
26
2023
23
2024
20
2025
10
All-Time Record Progression
4 new records
4 all-time records were set at Rafha between 22 August 2006 and 25 July 2020. Each dot is a new record.
When Rafha set new all-time records
Date
Kind
Detail
2006-08-22
Record high minimum temperature
Record high minimum temperature 33.7 C (92.7 F)
2006-08-25
Record high maximum temperature
Record high maximum temperature 54.7 C (130.5 F)
2017-08-17
Record high minimum temperature
Record high minimum temperature 34.7 C (94.5 F)
2020-07-25
Record high minimum temperature
Record high minimum temperature 35.9 C (96.6 F)
Wettest Day of Each Month
Jan: 153.9 mm (6.1 in)
The wettest day on record for each calendar month at Rafha. The most was 153.9 mm (6.1 in) on 27 January 2019.
Record daily precipitation for each month at Rafha
Month
Record daily precipitation (mm)
Date
Jan
153.9 mm (6.1 in)
27 January 2019
Feb
40.9 mm (1.6 in)
23 February 2016
Mar
73.4 mm (2.9 in)
22 March 2020
Apr
88.1 mm (3.5 in)
20 April 2011
May
62.0 mm (2.4 in)
1 May 1992
Jun
59.9 mm (2.4 in)
7 June 2010
Jul
0.0 mm (0.00 in)
1 July 1997
Aug
0.0 mm (0.00 in)
3 August 1986
Sep
55.9 mm (2.2 in)
23 September 1995
Oct
77.0 mm (3.0 in)
29 October 1980
Nov
127.0 mm (5.0 in)
21 November 1995
Dec
7.6 mm (0.30 in)
13 December 2023
Period of Record Coverage
1966 to 2025
Complete yearUnder 90 percent of days
56 years of record at Rafha, 1966 to 2025. 40 years have data for under 90 percent of days and are left out of rankings: 1966, 1967, 1968, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977 and others.
Cooler than the station meanWarmer than the station mean
One stripe for each of 17 complete years at Rafha, 1978 to 2022. Blue stripes are years cooler than the station's own mean of 22.9 C (73.3 F); red stripes are warmer. The coolest year was 1992, at 21.3 C (70.4 F), and the warmest was 2022, at 24.8 C (76.6 F). The strongest colour marks a difference of 1.9 C (3.4 F).
Annual mean temperature at Rafha as warming stripes, 1978 to 2022
Year
Annual mean temperature
Difference from the station mean
1978
22.4 C
-0.51 C
1980
22.7 C
-0.27 C
1981
23.0 C
+0.03 C
1983
22.0 C
-0.90 C
1984
22.3 C
-0.66 C
1985
23.2 C
+0.30 C
1986
23.2 C
+0.23 C
1989
22.8 C
-0.09 C
1992
21.3 C
-1.60 C
1993
22.7 C
-0.26 C
1994
22.9 C
-0.02 C
1995
22.9 C
-0.06 C
2000
23.6 C
+0.65 C
2001
23.6 C
+0.65 C
2002
22.8 C
-0.09 C
2008
23.8 C
+0.83 C
2022
24.8 C
+1.84 C
This station does not have enough complete years (30 are needed) to fit a temperature trend.
A year is complete when all 12 months have at least 20 days of both daily maximum and daily minimum readings. The annual mean is the mean of the monthly means. The trend describes this one station over this period; it does not say what caused the change.
Extremes by Year
1963 to 2025
Yearly extremes at Rafha: the record and the median year
Measure
Record
Year of the record
Median year
Years with a value
Hottest day (TXx)
54.7 C (130.5 F)
2006
47.2 C (117.0 F)
56
Coldest night (TNn)
-5.8 C (21.6 F)
1989
-2.0 C (28.4 F)
57
Wettest day (Rx1day)
153.9 mm (6.1 in)
2019
15.5 mm (0.6 in)
34
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
55.9 mm (2.2 in)
1997
22.1 mm (0.9 in)
3
Longest dry spell (CDD)
20 days
1998
1 day
31
Hottest day (TXx)
The hottest day of the year at Rafha, 1963 to 2025. The record is 54.7 C (130.5 F) in 2006, marked on the chart; the median year is 47.2 C (117.0 F).
Hottest day (TXx) at Rafha by year
Year
Hottest day (TXx)
1963
n/a
1966
42.2 C (108.0 F)
1967
28.9 C (84.0 F)
1968
47.2 C (117.0 F)
1973
45.0 C (113.0 F)
1974
45.0 C (113.0 F)
1975
46.0 C (114.8 F)
1976
43.0 C (109.4 F)
1977
46.0 C (114.8 F)
1978
49.0 C (120.2 F)
1979
49.0 C (120.2 F)
1980
47.0 C (116.6 F)
1981
49.0 C (120.2 F)
1982
46.2 C (115.2 F)
1983
46.5 C (115.7 F)
1984
45.1 C (113.2 F)
1985
47.2 C (117.0 F)
1986
46.8 C (116.2 F)
1987
47.0 C (116.6 F)
1988
46.0 C (114.8 F)
1989
47.0 C (116.6 F)
1990
47.0 C (116.6 F)
1991
48.0 C (118.4 F)
1992
45.2 C (113.4 F)
1993
47.3 C (117.1 F)
1994
47.8 C (118.0 F)
1995
46.8 C (116.2 F)
1996
49.2 C (120.6 F)
1997
45.2 C (113.4 F)
1998
48.5 C (119.3 F)
1999
46.9 C (116.4 F)
2000
48.5 C (119.3 F)
2001
48.9 C (120.0 F)
2002
49.0 C (120.2 F)
2003
48.3 C (118.9 F)
2004
46.0 C (114.8 F)
2005
48.1 C (118.6 F)
2006
54.7 C (130.5 F)
2007
48.0 C (118.4 F)
2008
46.3 C (115.3 F)
2009
47.2 C (117.0 F)
2010
47.7 C (117.9 F)
2011
48.4 C (119.1 F)
2012
47.7 C (117.9 F)
2013
41.2 C (106.2 F)
2014
43.6 C (110.5 F)
2015
48.0 C (118.4 F)
2016
48.3 C (118.9 F)
2017
47.9 C (118.2 F)
2018
46.5 C (115.7 F)
2019
49.4 C (120.9 F)
2020
50.6 C (123.1 F)
2021
48.2 C (118.8 F)
2022
48.0 C (118.4 F)
2023
47.0 C (116.6 F)
2024
47.2 C (117.0 F)
2025
46.7 C (116.1 F)
Coldest night (TNn)
The coldest night of the year at Rafha, 1963 to 2025. The record is -5.8 C (21.6 F) in 1989, marked on the chart; the median year is -2.0 C (28.4 F).
Coldest night (TNn) at Rafha by year
Year
Coldest night (TNn)
1963
6.1 C (43.0 F)
1966
6.1 C (43.0 F)
1967
2.8 C (37.0 F)
1968
6.1 C (43.0 F)
1973
-1.0 C (30.2 F)
1974
-1.0 C (30.2 F)
1975
-2.0 C (28.4 F)
1976
1.0 C (33.8 F)
1977
-4.0 C (24.8 F)
1978
-2.0 C (28.4 F)
1979
-3.0 C (26.6 F)
1980
-5.0 C (23.0 F)
1981
0.0 C (32.0 F)
1982
-3.2 C (26.2 F)
1983
-4.2 C (24.4 F)
1984
-0.6 C (30.9 F)
1985
-2.0 C (28.4 F)
1986
-1.7 C (28.9 F)
1987
-3.2 C (26.2 F)
1988
-3.0 C (26.6 F)
1989
-5.8 C (21.6 F)
1990
-3.5 C (25.7 F)
1991
-3.0 C (26.6 F)
1992
-5.6 C (21.9 F)
1993
-4.7 C (23.5 F)
1994
-4.0 C (24.8 F)
1995
1.3 C (34.3 F)
1996
1.3 C (34.3 F)
1997
-3.2 C (26.2 F)
1998
0.0 C (32.0 F)
1999
-0.9 C (30.4 F)
2000
-0.9 C (30.4 F)
2001
-3.1 C (26.4 F)
2002
-3.5 C (25.7 F)
2003
-0.7 C (30.7 F)
2004
-5.6 C (21.9 F)
2005
-3.0 C (26.6 F)
2006
-5.8 C (21.6 F)
2007
-3.9 C (25.0 F)
2008
-5.0 C (23.0 F)
2009
-5.2 C (22.6 F)
2010
-1.8 C (28.8 F)
2011
-0.9 C (30.4 F)
2012
-0.3 C (31.5 F)
2013
0.7 C (33.3 F)
2014
0.5 C (32.9 F)
2015
-3.2 C (26.2 F)
2016
-0.3 C (31.5 F)
2017
-3.0 C (26.6 F)
2018
2.3 C (36.1 F)
2019
3.8 C (38.8 F)
2020
1.0 C (33.8 F)
2021
-1.3 C (29.7 F)
2022
-2.4 C (27.7 F)
2023
1.5 C (34.7 F)
2024
-3.0 C (26.6 F)
2025
-2.0 C (28.4 F)
Wettest day (Rx1day)
The wettest day of the year at Rafha, 1963 to 2025. The record is 153.9 mm (6.1 in) in 2019, marked on the chart; the median year is 15.5 mm (0.6 in).
Wettest day (Rx1day) at Rafha by year
Year
Wettest day (Rx1day)
1963
n/a
1966
n/a
1967
n/a
1968
n/a
1973
n/a
1974
n/a
1975
n/a
1976
n/a
1977
2.0 mm (0.08 in)
1978
1.0 mm (0.04 in)
1979
3.0 mm (0.12 in)
1980
77.0 mm (3.0 in)
1981
1.0 mm (0.04 in)
1982
0.5 mm (0.02 in)
1983
0.0 mm (0.00 in)
1984
n/a
1985
1.0 mm (0.04 in)
1986
0.0 mm (0.00 in)
1987
n/a
1988
n/a
1989
n/a
1990
0.0 mm (0.00 in)
1991
0.0 mm (0.00 in)
1992
62.0 mm (2.4 in)
1993
n/a
1994
n/a
1995
127.0 mm (5.0 in)
1996
0.0 mm (0.00 in)
1997
55.9 mm (2.2 in)
1998
22.1 mm (0.9 in)
1999
n/a
2000
n/a
2001
n/a
2002
n/a
2003
n/a
2004
n/a
2005
73.4 mm (2.9 in)
2006
15.0 mm (0.6 in)
2007
9.1 mm (0.36 in)
2008
n/a
2009
n/a
2010
59.9 mm (2.4 in)
2011
88.1 mm (3.5 in)
2012
16.0 mm (0.6 in)
2013
32.0 mm (1.3 in)
2014
20.1 mm (0.8 in)
2015
26.9 mm (1.1 in)
2016
40.9 mm (1.6 in)
2017
6.4 mm (0.25 in)
2018
36.1 mm (1.4 in)
2019
153.9 mm (6.1 in)
2020
73.4 mm (2.9 in)
2021
13.5 mm (0.5 in)
2022
4.1 mm (0.16 in)
2023
14.0 mm (0.6 in)
2024
31.0 mm (1.2 in)
2025
n/a
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
The wettest five days of the year at Rafha, 1963 to 2025. The record is 55.9 mm (2.2 in) in 1997, marked on the chart; the median year is 22.1 mm (0.9 in).
Wettest five days (Rx5day) at Rafha by year
Year
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
1963
n/a
1966
n/a
1967
n/a
1968
n/a
1973
n/a
1974
n/a
1975
n/a
1976
n/a
1977
n/a
1978
n/a
1979
n/a
1980
n/a
1981
n/a
1982
n/a
1983
n/a
1984
n/a
1985
n/a
1986
n/a
1987
n/a
1988
n/a
1989
n/a
1990
n/a
1991
n/a
1992
n/a
1993
n/a
1994
n/a
1995
n/a
1996
0.0 mm (0.00 in)
1997
55.9 mm (2.2 in)
1998
22.1 mm (0.9 in)
1999
n/a
2000
n/a
2001
n/a
2002
n/a
2003
n/a
2004
n/a
2005
n/a
2006
n/a
2007
n/a
2008
n/a
2009
n/a
2010
n/a
2011
n/a
2012
n/a
2013
n/a
2014
n/a
2015
n/a
2016
n/a
2017
n/a
2018
n/a
2019
n/a
2020
n/a
2021
n/a
2022
n/a
2023
n/a
2024
n/a
2025
n/a
Longest dry spell (CDD)
The longest dry spell of the year at Rafha, 1963 to 2025. The record is 20 days in 1998, marked on the chart; the median year is 1 day.
Longest dry spell (CDD) at Rafha by year
Year
Longest dry spell (CDD)
1963
n/a
1966
n/a
1967
n/a
1968
n/a
1973
n/a
1974
n/a
1975
n/a
1976
n/a
1977
1 day
1978
1 day
1979
2 days
1980
1 day
1981
1 day
1982
2 days
1983
1 day
1984
n/a
1985
1 day
1986
1 day
1987
n/a
1988
n/a
1989
n/a
1990
1 day
1991
1 day
1992
1 day
1993
n/a
1994
n/a
1995
1 day
1996
5 days
1997
17 days
1998
20 days
1999
n/a
2000
n/a
2001
n/a
2002
n/a
2003
n/a
2004
n/a
2005
1 day
2006
1 day
2007
n/a
2008
n/a
2009
n/a
2010
1 day
2011
n/a
2012
1 day
2013
1 day
2014
1 day
2015
1 day
2016
1 day
2017
1 day
2018
2 days
2019
2 days
2020
1 day
2021
1 day
2022
n/a
2023
2 days
2024
1 day
2025
n/a
Each chart shows one value per year; the dot marks the record year. TXx is the hottest daily maximum, TNn the coldest daily minimum, Rx1day and Rx5day the largest one-day and five-day rain totals, and CDD the longest run of days with less than 1 mm of rain. A year with missing days can understate an extreme.
Download the Data
Data for Rafha standing records by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.
Data for Rafha threshold days by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-13 (13 October 2026). Records are computed by this site and are not official.