Record envelope, standing records and threshold days for Marion Island (SF000068994), South Africa, with 77 years of record.
Key Facts for Marion Island
Marion Island (SF000068994) is a weather station in South Africa at -46.88 latitude and 37.87 longitude, 21 m (69 ft) above sea level.
The station reports from 1949 to 2025, 77 years of record.
1,464 records set at Marion Island still stand.
Records are tracked for tmax, tmin, prcp: an element needs 30 years of data to be eligible.
Marion Island set a daily record high maximum temperature of 12.5 C (54.5 F) on 20 August 2025.
About the Station
Location: South Africa, -46.88 latitude, 37.87 longitude.
Elevation: 21 m (69 ft).
Period of record: 1949 to 2025, 77 years.
Eligible elements: tmax, tmin, prcp.
Daily Record Envelope and 2026
9 days at or beyond a record
Record highRecord low2026 daily maximum2026 daily minimum
The band shows the record high and record low for each calendar day at Marion Island. The lines show the 2026 daily maximum and minimum. 9 days in 2026 matched or passed a record. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius.
Daily record high and record low at Marion Island, with 2026 drawn through them
Month
Highest record high
Lowest record low
2026 highest maximum
2026 lowest minimum
Jan
25.6 C (78.1 F)
-1.5 C (29.3 F)
19.6 C (67.3 F)
2.5 C (36.5 F)
Feb
22.9 C (73.2 F)
-1.4 C (29.5 F)
n/a
n/a
Mar
22.8 C (73.0 F)
-2.5 C (27.5 F)
16.7 C (62.1 F)
0.7 C (33.3 F)
Apr
23.4 C (74.1 F)
-2.2 C (28.0 F)
14.2 C (57.6 F)
0.2 C (32.4 F)
May
25.6 C (78.1 F)
-4.9 C (23.2 F)
12.4 C (54.3 F)
-1.2 C (29.8 F)
Jun
18.2 C (64.8 F)
-10.9 C (12.4 F)
14.2 C (57.6 F)
-2.9 C (26.8 F)
Jul
18.6 C (65.5 F)
-6.0 C (21.2 F)
11.3 C (52.3 F)
-2.4 C (27.7 F)
Aug
16.5 C (61.7 F)
-5.5 C (22.1 F)
12.5 C (54.5 F)
0.2 C (32.4 F)
Sep
18.6 C (65.5 F)
-12.1 C (10.2 F)
n/a
n/a
Oct
19.5 C (67.1 F)
-7.4 C (18.7 F)
n/a
n/a
Nov
20.1 C (68.2 F)
-3.9 C (25.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Dec
22.9 C (73.2 F)
-1.5 C (29.3 F)
n/a
n/a
Which Years Hold Standing Records
1,464 standing records
Year with most
1,464 records at Marion Island still stand. 2024 holds the most, with 62.
Standing records at Marion Island by the year they were set
Year set
Standing records
1952
3
1953
3
1956
9
1959
6
1960
37
1961
33
1962
27
1963
25
1964
19
1965
29
1966
21
1967
28
1968
32
1969
26
1970
18
1971
20
1972
35
1973
15
1974
22
1975
30
1976
15
1977
18
1978
10
1979
18
1980
18
1981
21
1982
12
1983
11
1984
27
1985
26
1986
16
1987
19
1988
18
1989
20
1990
25
1991
19
1992
21
1993
26
1994
22
1995
19
1996
23
1997
21
1998
30
1999
17
2000
20
2001
19
2002
28
2003
22
2004
50
2005
35
2006
8
2007
18
2008
17
2009
31
2010
13
2011
27
2012
9
2013
8
2014
5
2015
16
2016
6
2017
9
2018
28
2019
20
2020
18
2021
24
2022
23
2023
25
2024
62
2025
13
All-Time Record Progression
8 new records
8 all-time records were set at Marion Island between 31 January 1990 and 24 March 2024. Each dot is a new record.
When Marion Island set new all-time records
Date
Kind
Detail
1990-01-31
Record high minimum temperature
Record high minimum temperature 11.1 C (52.0 F)
2002-06-23
Record low minimum temperature
Record low minimum temperature -10.9 C (12.4 F)
2004-09-26
Record low minimum temperature
Record low minimum temperature -12.1 C (10.2 F)
2005-01-07
Record high maximum temperature
Record high maximum temperature 24.8 C (76.6 F)
2005-01-08
Record high maximum temperature
Record high maximum temperature 25.6 C (78.1 F)
2024-01-20
Record high minimum temperature
Record high minimum temperature 11.4 C (52.5 F)
2024-02-13
Record high minimum temperature
Record high minimum temperature 13.0 C (55.4 F)
2024-03-24
Record high minimum temperature
Record high minimum temperature 13.1 C (55.6 F)
Wettest Day of Each Month
Feb: 111.0 mm (4.4 in)
The wettest day on record for each calendar month at Marion Island. The most was 111.0 mm (4.4 in) on 28 February 1985.
Record daily precipitation for each month at Marion Island
Month
Record daily precipitation (mm)
Date
Jan
99.1 mm (3.9 in)
21 January 2025
Feb
111.0 mm (4.4 in)
28 February 1985
Mar
85.1 mm (3.4 in)
22 March 2023
Apr
98.0 mm (3.9 in)
28 April 2022
May
81.0 mm (3.2 in)
4 May 1963
Jun
70.0 mm (2.8 in)
3 June 1961
Jul
71.0 mm (2.8 in)
5 July 1971
Aug
56.0 mm (2.2 in)
2 August 1984
Sep
110.0 mm (4.3 in)
28 September 1984
Oct
99.1 mm (3.9 in)
22 October 2024
Nov
99.1 mm (3.9 in)
22 November 2021
Dec
94.0 mm (3.7 in)
29 December 2021
Period of Record Coverage
1952 to 2025
Complete yearUnder 90 percent of days
71 years of record at Marion Island, 1952 to 2025. 8 years have data for under 90 percent of days and are left out of rankings: 1952, 1953, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1966, 2000, 2025.
Cooler than the station meanWarmer than the station mean
One stripe for each of 61 complete years at Marion Island, 1960 to 2024. Blue stripes are years cooler than the station's own mean of 6.2 C (43.1 F); red stripes are warmer. The coolest year was 1968, at 5.0 C (41.1 F), and the warmest was 2024, at 8.3 C (46.9 F). The strongest colour marks a difference of 2.2 C (4.0 F).
Annual mean temperature at Marion Island as warming stripes, 1960 to 2024
Year
Annual mean temperature
Difference from the station mean
1960
5.1 C
-1.11 C
1961
5.4 C
-0.72 C
1962
5.5 C
-0.63 C
1963
5.7 C
-0.48 C
1964
5.3 C
-0.85 C
1965
5.7 C
-0.44 C
1967
5.4 C
-0.72 C
1968
5.0 C
-1.13 C
1969
5.4 C
-0.81 C
1970
5.5 C
-0.67 C
1971
5.7 C
-0.47 C
1972
5.9 C
-0.28 C
1973
5.8 C
-0.37 C
1974
5.9 C
-0.27 C
1975
5.5 C
-0.62 C
1976
5.7 C
-0.45 C
1977
5.8 C
-0.40 C
1978
5.6 C
-0.56 C
1979
5.9 C
-0.30 C
1980
6.0 C
-0.20 C
1981
6.1 C
-0.07 C
1982
6.0 C
-0.18 C
1983
6.2 C
+0.06 C
1984
6.4 C
+0.23 C
1985
6.6 C
+0.43 C
1986
6.2 C
+0.07 C
1987
6.4 C
+0.20 C
1988
5.7 C
-0.45 C
1989
5.9 C
-0.22 C
1990
6.4 C
+0.21 C
1992
6.2 C
-0.01 C
1993
6.3 C
+0.12 C
1994
6.2 C
+0.08 C
1995
6.0 C
-0.13 C
1996
6.9 C
+0.71 C
1997
6.9 C
+0.75 C
1998
6.6 C
+0.45 C
2000
6.6 C
+0.43 C
2001
6.6 C
+0.39 C
2002
6.6 C
+0.43 C
2004
7.4 C
+1.23 C
2005
6.5 C
+0.30 C
2006
6.1 C
-0.04 C
2007
6.1 C
-0.05 C
2008
5.8 C
-0.41 C
2009
5.8 C
-0.34 C
2010
6.0 C
-0.14 C
2011
6.6 C
+0.43 C
2012
6.5 C
+0.38 C
2013
6.2 C
-0.01 C
2014
6.0 C
-0.12 C
2015
6.4 C
+0.27 C
2016
6.4 C
+0.28 C
2017
6.4 C
+0.20 C
2018
6.8 C
+0.64 C
2019
6.7 C
+0.55 C
2020
6.7 C
+0.51 C
2021
6.3 C
+0.18 C
2022
7.0 C
+0.82 C
2023
7.5 C
+1.31 C
2024
8.3 C
+2.14 C
The annual mean temperature here has risen by 0.2 C (0.2 to 0.3) per decade over 1960 to 2024. In Fahrenheit: 0.4 F (0.3 to 0.5) per decade. The slope is a straight line fitted to 61 complete years; the brackets give its 95 percent interval.
Fitted temperature trends per decade at Marion Island
Measure
Per decade (C)
Per decade (F)
Period
Complete years
Reading
Annual mean temperature
0.2 C (0.2 to 0.3) per decade
0.4 F (0.3 to 0.5) per decade
1960 to 2024
61
Rise
Mean daily maximum
0.4 C (0.3 to 0.5) per decade
0.7 F (0.6 to 0.9) per decade
1960 to 2024
61
Rise
Mean daily minimum
0.05 C (-0.01 to 0.11) per decade
0.09 F (-0.02 to 0.20) per decade
1960 to 2024
61
Not clearly different from zero
A year is complete when all 12 months have at least 20 days of both daily maximum and daily minimum readings. The annual mean is the mean of the monthly means. The trend describes this one station over this period; it does not say what caused the change.
Extremes by Year
1949 to 2025
Yearly extremes at Marion Island: the record and the median year
Measure
Record
Year of the record
Median year
Years with a value
Hottest day (TXx)
25.6 C (78.1 F)
2005
19.3 C (66.7 F)
71
Coldest night (TNn)
-12.1 C (10.2 F)
2004
-3.8 C (25.2 F)
71
Wettest day (Rx1day)
111.0 mm (4.4 in)
1985
63.0 mm (2.5 in)
72
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
216.7 mm (8.5 in)
2025
108.5 mm (4.3 in)
72
Longest dry spell (CDD)
22 days
1992
4 days
72
Hottest day (TXx)
The hottest day of the year at Marion Island, 1949 to 2025. The record is 25.6 C (78.1 F) in 2005, marked on the chart; the median year is 19.3 C (66.7 F).
Hottest day (TXx) at Marion Island by year
Year
Hottest day (TXx)
1949
n/a
1952
13.9 C (57.0 F)
1953
13.3 C (55.9 F)
1956
18.2 C (64.8 F)
1957
10.2 C (50.4 F)
1959
13.8 C (56.8 F)
1960
17.7 C (63.9 F)
1961
22.2 C (72.0 F)
1962
17.8 C (64.0 F)
1963
20.4 C (68.7 F)
1964
18.0 C (64.4 F)
1965
16.8 C (62.2 F)
1966
17.2 C (63.0 F)
1967
17.6 C (63.7 F)
1968
17.5 C (63.5 F)
1969
19.5 C (67.1 F)
1970
17.9 C (64.2 F)
1971
19.7 C (67.5 F)
1972
18.8 C (65.8 F)
1973
15.5 C (59.9 F)
1974
18.3 C (64.9 F)
1975
20.2 C (68.4 F)
1976
15.5 C (59.9 F)
1977
18.0 C (64.4 F)
1978
20.8 C (69.4 F)
1979
22.8 C (73.0 F)
1980
18.4 C (65.1 F)
1981
21.8 C (71.2 F)
1982
16.3 C (61.3 F)
1983
16.9 C (62.4 F)
1984
23.8 C (74.8 F)
1985
22.9 C (73.2 F)
1986
21.6 C (70.9 F)
1987
18.4 C (65.1 F)
1988
19.4 C (66.9 F)
1989
20.0 C (68.0 F)
1990
18.8 C (65.8 F)
1991
19.6 C (67.3 F)
1992
19.3 C (66.7 F)
1993
20.8 C (69.4 F)
1994
20.5 C (68.9 F)
1995
19.2 C (66.6 F)
1996
21.9 C (71.4 F)
1997
17.3 C (63.1 F)
1998
19.3 C (66.7 F)
1999
20.8 C (69.4 F)
2000
19.2 C (66.6 F)
2001
18.6 C (65.5 F)
2002
19.2 C (66.6 F)
2003
19.9 C (67.8 F)
2004
20.5 C (68.9 F)
2005
25.6 C (78.1 F)
2006
17.9 C (64.2 F)
2007
18.3 C (64.9 F)
2008
19.3 C (66.7 F)
2009
20.3 C (68.5 F)
2010
17.3 C (63.1 F)
2011
19.6 C (67.3 F)
2012
21.9 C (71.4 F)
2013
22.2 C (72.0 F)
2014
19.4 C (66.9 F)
2015
18.4 C (65.1 F)
2016
18.0 C (64.4 F)
2017
19.8 C (67.6 F)
2018
25.6 C (78.1 F)
2019
20.1 C (68.2 F)
2020
20.5 C (68.9 F)
2021
20.8 C (69.4 F)
2022
22.9 C (73.2 F)
2023
21.7 C (71.1 F)
2024
25.1 C (77.2 F)
2025
19.6 C (67.3 F)
Coldest night (TNn)
The coldest night of the year at Marion Island, 1949 to 2025. The record is -12.1 C (10.2 F) in 2004, marked on the chart; the median year is -3.8 C (25.2 F).
Coldest night (TNn) at Marion Island by year
Year
Coldest night (TNn)
1949
n/a
1952
0.0 C (32.0 F)
1953
-2.9 C (26.8 F)
1956
-0.6 C (30.9 F)
1957
-3.3 C (26.1 F)
1959
-1.5 C (29.3 F)
1960
-5.2 C (22.6 F)
1961
-3.8 C (25.2 F)
1962
-6.4 C (20.5 F)
1963
-4.2 C (24.4 F)
1964
-6.0 C (21.2 F)
1965
-5.5 C (22.1 F)
1966
-4.0 C (24.8 F)
1967
-5.8 C (21.6 F)
1968
-4.1 C (24.6 F)
1969
-5.2 C (22.6 F)
1970
-3.6 C (25.5 F)
1971
-6.5 C (20.3 F)
1972
-5.2 C (22.6 F)
1973
-4.1 C (24.6 F)
1974
-4.1 C (24.6 F)
1975
-3.6 C (25.5 F)
1976
-4.5 C (23.9 F)
1977
-3.5 C (25.7 F)
1978
-3.7 C (25.3 F)
1979
-4.5 C (23.9 F)
1980
-4.1 C (24.6 F)
1981
-3.9 C (25.0 F)
1982
-3.4 C (25.9 F)
1983
-2.1 C (28.2 F)
1984
-5.1 C (22.8 F)
1985
-4.5 C (23.9 F)
1986
-3.3 C (26.1 F)
1987
-2.5 C (27.5 F)
1988
-4.5 C (23.9 F)
1989
-3.1 C (26.4 F)
1990
-5.5 C (22.1 F)
1991
-3.5 C (25.7 F)
1992
-3.6 C (25.5 F)
1993
-3.4 C (25.9 F)
1994
-3.6 C (25.5 F)
1995
-5.4 C (22.3 F)
1996
-2.6 C (27.3 F)
1997
-3.5 C (25.7 F)
1998
-4.6 C (23.7 F)
1999
-3.4 C (25.9 F)
2000
-3.2 C (26.2 F)
2001
-2.9 C (26.8 F)
2002
-10.9 C (12.4 F)
2003
-3.8 C (25.2 F)
2004
-12.1 C (10.2 F)
2005
-3.9 C (25.0 F)
2006
-3.5 C (25.7 F)
2007
-3.2 C (26.2 F)
2008
-3.4 C (25.9 F)
2009
-5.0 C (23.0 F)
2010
-4.0 C (24.8 F)
2011
-5.7 C (21.7 F)
2012
-3.7 C (25.3 F)
2013
-3.9 C (25.0 F)
2014
-3.7 C (25.3 F)
2015
-3.0 C (26.6 F)
2016
-3.0 C (26.6 F)
2017
-2.7 C (27.1 F)
2018
-3.3 C (26.1 F)
2019
-4.4 C (24.1 F)
2020
-3.2 C (26.2 F)
2021
-4.0 C (24.8 F)
2022
-4.0 C (24.8 F)
2023
-3.0 C (26.6 F)
2024
-4.9 C (23.2 F)
2025
-2.9 C (26.8 F)
Wettest day (Rx1day)
The wettest day of the year at Marion Island, 1949 to 2025. The record is 111.0 mm (4.4 in) in 1985, marked on the chart; the median year is 63.0 mm (2.5 in).
Wettest day (Rx1day) at Marion Island by year
Year
Wettest day (Rx1day)
1949
59.0 mm (2.3 in)
1952
69.0 mm (2.7 in)
1953
47.0 mm (1.9 in)
1956
44.0 mm (1.7 in)
1957
23.0 mm (0.9 in)
1959
67.0 mm (2.6 in)
1960
91.0 mm (3.6 in)
1961
70.0 mm (2.8 in)
1962
52.0 mm (2.0 in)
1963
86.0 mm (3.4 in)
1964
66.0 mm (2.6 in)
1965
96.0 mm (3.8 in)
1966
56.0 mm (2.2 in)
1967
87.0 mm (3.4 in)
1968
49.0 mm (1.9 in)
1969
71.0 mm (2.8 in)
1970
65.0 mm (2.6 in)
1971
71.0 mm (2.8 in)
1972
65.0 mm (2.6 in)
1973
60.0 mm (2.4 in)
1974
67.0 mm (2.6 in)
1975
63.0 mm (2.5 in)
1976
57.0 mm (2.2 in)
1977
63.0 mm (2.5 in)
1978
58.0 mm (2.3 in)
1979
53.0 mm (2.1 in)
1980
52.0 mm (2.0 in)
1981
55.0 mm (2.2 in)
1982
79.0 mm (3.1 in)
1983
53.0 mm (2.1 in)
1984
110.0 mm (4.3 in)
1985
111.0 mm (4.4 in)
1986
67.0 mm (2.6 in)
1987
56.0 mm (2.2 in)
1988
55.0 mm (2.2 in)
1989
69.0 mm (2.7 in)
1990
51.0 mm (2.0 in)
1991
67.0 mm (2.6 in)
1992
46.0 mm (1.8 in)
1993
55.0 mm (2.2 in)
1994
74.0 mm (2.9 in)
1995
59.0 mm (2.3 in)
1996
54.0 mm (2.1 in)
1997
65.0 mm (2.6 in)
1998
61.0 mm (2.4 in)
1999
57.0 mm (2.2 in)
2000
75.0 mm (3.0 in)
2001
68.0 mm (2.7 in)
2002
55.4 mm (2.2 in)
2003
76.7 mm (3.0 in)
2004
77.2 mm (3.0 in)
2005
52.3 mm (2.1 in)
2006
37.6 mm (1.5 in)
2007
47.0 mm (1.9 in)
2008
37.1 mm (1.5 in)
2009
56.4 mm (2.2 in)
2010
39.1 mm (1.5 in)
2011
54.4 mm (2.1 in)
2012
31.0 mm (1.2 in)
2013
80.0 mm (3.1 in)
2014
64.0 mm (2.5 in)
2015
51.1 mm (2.0 in)
2016
56.9 mm (2.2 in)
2017
43.9 mm (1.7 in)
2018
82.0 mm (3.2 in)
2019
63.0 mm (2.5 in)
2020
72.9 mm (2.9 in)
2021
99.1 mm (3.9 in)
2022
98.0 mm (3.9 in)
2023
85.1 mm (3.4 in)
2024
99.1 mm (3.9 in)
2025
99.1 mm (3.9 in)
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
The wettest five days of the year at Marion Island, 1949 to 2025. The record is 216.7 mm (8.5 in) in 2025, marked on the chart; the median year is 108.5 mm (4.3 in).
Wettest five days (Rx5day) at Marion Island by year
Year
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
1949
114.0 mm (4.5 in)
1952
115.0 mm (4.5 in)
1953
86.0 mm (3.4 in)
1956
91.0 mm (3.6 in)
1957
70.0 mm (2.8 in)
1959
108.0 mm (4.3 in)
1960
119.0 mm (4.7 in)
1961
167.0 mm (6.6 in)
1962
109.0 mm (4.3 in)
1963
172.0 mm (6.8 in)
1964
115.0 mm (4.5 in)
1965
144.0 mm (5.7 in)
1966
136.0 mm (5.4 in)
1967
175.0 mm (6.9 in)
1968
91.0 mm (3.6 in)
1969
130.0 mm (5.1 in)
1970
130.0 mm (5.1 in)
1971
126.0 mm (5.0 in)
1972
124.0 mm (4.9 in)
1973
116.0 mm (4.6 in)
1974
160.0 mm (6.3 in)
1975
109.0 mm (4.3 in)
1976
94.0 mm (3.7 in)
1977
101.0 mm (4.0 in)
1978
104.0 mm (4.1 in)
1979
72.0 mm (2.8 in)
1980
98.0 mm (3.9 in)
1981
136.0 mm (5.4 in)
1982
112.0 mm (4.4 in)
1983
100.0 mm (3.9 in)
1984
125.0 mm (4.9 in)
1985
138.0 mm (5.4 in)
1986
95.0 mm (3.7 in)
1987
93.0 mm (3.7 in)
1988
156.0 mm (6.1 in)
1989
105.0 mm (4.1 in)
1990
92.0 mm (3.6 in)
1991
130.0 mm (5.1 in)
1992
78.0 mm (3.1 in)
1993
111.0 mm (4.4 in)
1994
100.0 mm (3.9 in)
1995
103.0 mm (4.1 in)
1996
94.0 mm (3.7 in)
1997
106.0 mm (4.2 in)
1998
113.0 mm (4.4 in)
1999
130.0 mm (5.1 in)
2000
78.0 mm (3.1 in)
2001
97.2 mm (3.8 in)
2002
106.9 mm (4.2 in)
2003
193.0 mm (7.6 in)
2004
153.7 mm (6.1 in)
2005
86.1 mm (3.4 in)
2006
93.0 mm (3.7 in)
2007
120.1 mm (4.7 in)
2008
81.3 mm (3.2 in)
2009
98.0 mm (3.9 in)
2010
83.8 mm (3.3 in)
2011
85.6 mm (3.4 in)
2012
71.2 mm (2.8 in)
2013
153.4 mm (6.0 in)
2014
110.0 mm (4.3 in)
2015
97.0 mm (3.8 in)
2016
80.5 mm (3.2 in)
2017
57.9 mm (2.3 in)
2018
105.9 mm (4.2 in)
2019
82.1 mm (3.2 in)
2020
110.7 mm (4.4 in)
2021
114.6 mm (4.5 in)
2022
103.8 mm (4.1 in)
2023
118.6 mm (4.7 in)
2024
213.2 mm (8.4 in)
2025
216.7 mm (8.5 in)
Longest dry spell (CDD)
The longest dry spell of the year at Marion Island, 1949 to 2025. The record is 22 days in 1992, marked on the chart; the median year is 4 days.
Longest dry spell (CDD) at Marion Island by year
Year
Longest dry spell (CDD)
1949
3 days
1952
2 days
1953
2 days
1956
3 days
1957
2 days
1959
4 days
1960
4 days
1961
5 days
1962
4 days
1963
6 days
1964
5 days
1965
5 days
1966
6 days
1967
6 days
1968
3 days
1969
4 days
1970
3 days
1971
6 days
1972
5 days
1973
4 days
1974
5 days
1975
6 days
1976
3 days
1977
4 days
1978
3 days
1979
5 days
1980
3 days
1981
5 days
1982
3 days
1983
3 days
1984
5 days
1985
5 days
1986
5 days
1987
3 days
1988
6 days
1989
6 days
1990
4 days
1991
4 days
1992
22 days
1993
7 days
1994
13 days
1995
7 days
1996
5 days
1997
3 days
1998
3 days
1999
3 days
2000
2 days
2001
7 days
2002
6 days
2003
8 days
2004
7 days
2005
5 days
2006
5 days
2007
5 days
2008
4 days
2009
7 days
2010
4 days
2011
4 days
2012
4 days
2013
7 days
2014
7 days
2015
3 days
2016
6 days
2017
3 days
2018
6 days
2019
7 days
2020
4 days
2021
4 days
2022
4 days
2023
4 days
2024
4 days
2025
4 days
Each chart shows one value per year; the dot marks the record year. TXx is the hottest daily maximum, TNn the coldest daily minimum, Rx1day and Rx5day the largest one-day and five-day rain totals, and CDD the longest run of days with less than 1 mm of rain. A year with missing days can understate an extreme.
Frost Dates and Growing Season
61 years with a frost
Across 61 years with a frost, the median last spring frost at Marion Island falls on 28 November and the median first autumn frost on 11 April, which leaves a median of 123 days between them.
In 1993 to 2024 the median growing season was 126 days. That is 5 days more than in 1960 to 1990.
Fitted over all years, the growing season changes by +4.1 days per decade at this station.
Frost dates and growing season at Marion Island
Measure
Median, all years
Earliest period (1960 to 1990)
Recent period (1993 to 2024)
Recent against earliest
Fitted trend
Last spring frost
28 November
1 December
26 November
5 days earlier
-1.8 days per decade
First autumn frost
11 April
10 April
13 April
3 days later
+2.3 days per decade
Growing days
123 days
121 days
126 days
5 days more
+4.1 days per decade
A frost day is a day with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F). The last spring frost and the first autumn frost are the last and first such days of the cold season, and growing days are the days between them. A negative trend for the last spring frost means it comes earlier.
Rainfall Return Levels
38 years, 1960 to 2013
A day with at least 62.9 mm (2.5 in) of rain is expected about once in 2 years. A day with at least 121.5 mm (4.8 in) of rain is expected about once in 100 years.
Rainfall return levels at Marion Island: the daily rain expected about once in a given number of years
Expected about once in
A day with at least
Note
2 years
62.9 mm (2.5 in)
5 years
78.7 mm (3.1 in)
10 years
89.1 mm (3.5 in)
25 years
102.2 mm (4.0 in)
50 years
111.9 mm (4.4 in)
Longer than the 38 years of record
100 years
121.5 mm (4.8 in)
Longer than the 38 years of record
The levels come from a generalised extreme value (GEV) distribution fitted by L-moments to the wettest-day total of each year, 38 years of values from 1960 to 2013.
A return level is an estimate. It is least reliable for the long periods, 50 and 100 years, and for any period longer than the record behind the fit, where the fit has to reach past the largest day actually observed. It is not a forecast.
The largest wettest-day totals in the fit: 111.0 mm (4.4 in) in 1985; 110.0 mm (4.3 in) in 1984; 96.0 mm (3.8 in) in 1965.
Download the Data
Data for Marion Island standing records by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.
Data for Marion Island threshold days by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-14 (14 October 2026). Records are computed by this site and are not official.