Elm Springs 3 ESE Weather Records (USC00392647)
Record envelope, standing records and threshold days for Elm Springs 3 ESE (USC00392647), South Dakota, United States, with 104 years of record.
Key Facts for Elm Springs 3 ESE
- Elm Springs 3 ESE (USC00392647) is a weather station in South Dakota, United States at 44.32 latitude and -102.47 longitude, 806 m (2,645 ft) above sea level.
- The station reports from 1923 to 2026, 104 years of record.
- 1,464 records set at Elm Springs 3 ESE still stand.
- Records are tracked for tmax, tmin, prcp, snow, snwd: an element needs 30 years of data to be eligible.
- Elm Springs 3 ESE set a daily record high maximum temperature of 32.2 C (90.0 F) on 11 October 2026 (provisional).
Provisional Records
Records set in the last 60 days are provisional until they clear the revision window.
About the Station
- Location: South Dakota, United States, 44.32 latitude, -102.47 longitude.
- Elevation: 806 m (2,645 ft).
- Period of record: 1923 to 2026, 104 years.
- Eligible elements: tmax, tmin, prcp, snow, snwd.
Daily Record Envelope and 2026
22 days at or beyond a record| Month | Highest record high | Lowest record low | 2026 highest maximum | 2026 lowest minimum |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 22.8 C (73.0 F) | -42.2 C (-44.0 F) | 15.6 C (60.1 F) | -26.1 C (-15.0 F) |
| Feb | 22.8 C (73.0 F) | -35.0 C (-31.0 F) | 19.4 C (66.9 F) | -17.2 C (1.0 F) |
| Mar | 28.9 C (84.0 F) | -31.1 C (-24.0 F) | 28.9 C (84.0 F) | -20.0 C (-4.0 F) |
| Apr | 35.6 C (96.1 F) | -17.8 C (0.0 F) | 32.2 C (90.0 F) | -5.6 C (21.9 F) |
| May | 36.7 C (98.1 F) | -8.3 C (17.1 F) | 33.9 C (93.0 F) | -3.9 C (25.0 F) |
| Jun | 43.9 C (111.0 F) | -0.6 C (30.9 F) | 35.0 C (95.0 F) | 4.4 C (39.9 F) |
| Jul | 44.4 C (111.9 F) | 3.9 C (39.0 F) | 41.1 C (106.0 F) | 12.2 C (54.0 F) |
| Aug | 42.8 C (109.0 F) | 2.8 C (37.0 F) | 40.0 C (104.0 F) | 7.2 C (45.0 F) |
| Sep | 41.1 C (106.0 F) | -14.4 C (6.1 F) | 35.6 C (96.1 F) | 7.2 C (45.0 F) |
| Oct | 34.4 C (93.9 F) | -25.0 C (-13.0 F) | 33.3 C (91.9 F) | 5.0 C (41.0 F) |
| Nov | 29.4 C (84.9 F) | -25.6 C (-14.1 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Dec | 21.7 C (71.1 F) | -37.2 C (-35.0 F) | n/a | n/a |
Which Years Hold Standing Records
1,464 standing records| Year set | Standing records |
|---|---|
| 1923 | 22 |
| 1924 | 30 |
| 1925 | 49 |
| 1926 | 41 |
| 1927 | 45 |
| 1928 | 32 |
| 1988 | 30 |
| 1989 | 63 |
| 1990 | 38 |
| 1991 | 32 |
| 1992 | 44 |
| 1993 | 33 |
| 1994 | 27 |
| 1995 | 37 |
| 1996 | 47 |
| 1997 | 35 |
| 1998 | 31 |
| 1999 | 28 |
| 2000 | 34 |
| 2001 | 27 |
| 2002 | 38 |
| 2003 | 36 |
| 2004 | 24 |
| 2005 | 32 |
| 2006 | 38 |
| 2007 | 28 |
| 2008 | 22 |
| 2009 | 35 |
| 2010 | 15 |
| 2011 | 21 |
| 2012 | 43 |
| 2013 | 29 |
| 2014 | 43 |
| 2015 | 30 |
| 2016 | 19 |
| 2017 | 30 |
| 2018 | 33 |
| 2019 | 21 |
| 2020 | 35 |
| 2021 | 35 |
| 2022 | 22 |
| 2023 | 19 |
| 2024 | 28 |
| 2025 | 33 |
| 2026 | 30 |
All-Time Record Progression
2 new records| Date | Kind | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| 2013-10-05 | Record daily snowfall | Record daily snowfall 63.5 cm (25.0 in) |
| 2013-10-05 | Record snow depth | Record snow depth 63.5 cm (25.0 in) |
Wettest Day of Each Month
May: 91.7 mm (3.6 in)| Month | Record daily precipitation (mm) | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 19.6 mm (0.8 in) | 4 January 1997 |
| Feb | 30.2 mm (1.2 in) | 26 February 2000 |
| Mar | 47.0 mm (1.9 in) | 24 March 2009 |
| Apr | 53.1 mm (2.1 in) | 19 April 2000 |
| May | 91.7 mm (3.6 in) | 23 May 1971 |
| Jun | 83.8 mm (3.3 in) | 14 June 1976 |
| Jul | 64.3 mm (2.5 in) | 23 July 1955 |
| Aug | 63.5 mm (2.5 in) | 5 August 1923 |
| Sep | 47.5 mm (1.9 in) | 23 September 1977 |
| Oct | 80.5 mm (3.2 in) | 17 October 1998 |
| Nov | 54.1 mm (2.1 in) | 1 November 2000 |
| Dec | 27.9 mm (1.1 in) | 26 December 1925 |
Period of Record Coverage
1923 to 2026| Year | Days with data | Share of year | Complete |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1923 | 296 | 81% | No |
| 1924 | 340 | 93% | Yes |
| 1925 | 328 | 90% | No |
| 1926 | 362 | 99% | Yes |
| 1927 | 271 | 74% | No |
| 1928 | 304 | 83% | No |
| 1988 | 213 | 58% | No |
| 1989 | 362 | 99% | Yes |
| 1990 | 363 | 99% | Yes |
| 1991 | 363 | 99% | Yes |
| 1992 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1993 | 359 | 98% | Yes |
| 1994 | 363 | 99% | Yes |
| 1995 | 359 | 98% | Yes |
| 1996 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1997 | 361 | 99% | Yes |
| 1998 | 363 | 99% | Yes |
| 1999 | 361 | 99% | Yes |
| 2000 | 363 | 99% | Yes |
| 2001 | 360 | 99% | Yes |
| 2002 | 333 | 91% | Yes |
| 2003 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 2004 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2005 | 363 | 99% | Yes |
| 2006 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2007 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 2008 | 336 | 92% | Yes |
| 2009 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2010 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2011 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 2012 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 2013 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2014 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2015 | 362 | 99% | Yes |
| 2016 | 357 | 98% | Yes |
| 2017 | 364 | 100% | Yes |
| 2018 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2019 | 358 | 98% | Yes |
| 2020 | 348 | 95% | Yes |
| 2021 | 338 | 93% | Yes |
| 2022 | 359 | 98% | Yes |
| 2023 | 360 | 99% | Yes |
| 2024 | 357 | 98% | Yes |
| 2025 | 361 | 99% | Yes |
| 2026 | 277 | 76% | No |
Latest Records
20| Date | Station | Record | Value | Beat old record by | Old record stood | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 October 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily high max (Provisional) | 32.2 C (90.0 F) | 1.6 C (2.9 F) | 11 years | 15 of 100 (Routine) |
| 10 October 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily high max (Provisional) | 33.3 C (91.9 F) | 1.6 C (2.9 F) | 23 years | 18 of 100 (Routine) |
| 28 September 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily high min (Tie, Provisional) | 12.2 C (54.0 F) | tie | 36 years | 5 of 100 (Routine) |
| 22 September 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily high min (Tie, Provisional) | 11.1 C (52.0 F) | tie | 20 years | 4 of 100 (Routine) |
| 14 August 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily low max | 20.6 C (69.1 F) | 1.6 C (2.9 F) | 3 years | 13 of 100 (Routine) |
| 13 August 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily rain | 22.9 mm (0.9 in) | 8.7 mm (0.34 in) | 76 years | 20 of 100 (Routine) |
| 12 August 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily rain | 46.2 mm (1.8 in) | 20.0 mm (0.8 in) | 35 years | 42 of 100 (Notable) |
| 5 August 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily low min | 7.8 C (46.0 F) | 2.2 C (4.0 F) | 13 years | 20 of 100 (Routine) |
| 4 August 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily low min | 7.2 C (45.0 F) | 0.6 C (1.1 F) | 97 years | 40 of 100 (Notable) |
| 3 August 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily high max (Tie) | 40.0 C (104.0 F) | tie | 20 years | 4 of 100 (Routine) |
| 27 July 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily high min | 23.3 C (73.9 F) | 2.7 C (4.9 F) | 37 years | 29 of 100 (Routine) |
| 27 July 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily high max | 41.1 C (106.0 F) | 2.2 C (4.0 F) | 37 years | 25 of 100 (Routine) |
| 20 July 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily high min | 22.2 C (72.0 F) | 0.5 C (0.9 F) | 15 years | 15 of 100 (Routine) |
| 14 July 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily high min | 22.2 C (72.0 F) | 1.1 C (2.0 F) | 27 years | 21 of 100 (Routine) |
| 13 July 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily high max | 40.6 C (105.1 F) | 1.2 C (2.2 F) | 100 years | 42 of 100 (Notable) |
| 12 July 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily high min | 21.1 C (70.0 F) | 1.1 C (2.0 F) | 20 years | 19 of 100 (Routine) |
| 26 June 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily low max | 17.8 C (64.0 F) | 1.6 C (2.9 F) | 23 years | 18 of 100 (Routine) |
| 22 June 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily low max | 15.6 C (60.1 F) | 3.8 C (6.8 F) | 7 years | 18 of 100 (Routine) |
| 15 June 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily low min | 4.4 C (39.9 F) | 1.7 C (3.1 F) | 24 years | 21 of 100 (Routine) |
| 31 May 2026 | Elm Springs 3 ESE, US | daily rain | 45.5 mm (1.8 in) | 23.9 mm (0.9 in) | 45 years | 43 of 100 (Notable) |
Climate Trend
36 complete years, 1926 to 2025| Year | Annual mean temperature | Difference from the station mean |
|---|---|---|
| 1926 | 8.7 C | +0.42 C |
| 1989 | 7.7 C | -0.54 C |
| 1990 | 8.9 C | +0.62 C |
| 1991 | 8.6 C | +0.35 C |
| 1992 | 8.3 C | +0.04 C |
| 1993 | 6.1 C | -2.16 C |
| 1994 | 8.1 C | -0.13 C |
| 1995 | 7.8 C | -0.47 C |
| 1996 | 6.0 C | -2.26 C |
| 1997 | 7.9 C | -0.38 C |
| 1998 | 9.0 C | +0.73 C |
| 1999 | 9.6 C | +1.38 C |
| 2000 | 8.2 C | -0.06 C |
| 2001 | 8.9 C | +0.68 C |
| 2003 | 8.6 C | +0.36 C |
| 2004 | 8.6 C | +0.35 C |
| 2005 | 9.1 C | +0.87 C |
| 2006 | 9.4 C | +1.14 C |
| 2007 | 9.1 C | +0.81 C |
| 2009 | 6.9 C | -1.32 C |
| 2010 | 7.5 C | -0.70 C |
| 2011 | 7.4 C | -0.83 C |
| 2012 | 10.3 C | +2.05 C |
| 2013 | 7.5 C | -0.73 C |
| 2014 | 7.1 C | -1.18 C |
| 2015 | 8.8 C | +0.58 C |
| 2016 | 9.2 C | +0.93 C |
| 2017 | 8.8 C | +0.51 C |
| 2018 | 6.8 C | -1.41 C |
| 2019 | 5.9 C | -2.31 C |
| 2020 | 8.9 C | +0.70 C |
| 2021 | 9.4 C | +1.17 C |
| 2022 | 8.0 C | -0.23 C |
| 2023 | 8.4 C | +0.19 C |
| 2024 | 8.9 C | +0.64 C |
| 2025 | 8.5 C | +0.21 C |
The fitted trend in annual mean temperature here over 1926 to 2025 is 0.00 C (-0.20 to 0.21) per decade. The interval includes zero, so the trend is not clearly different from zero. In Fahrenheit: 0.01 F (-0.37 to 0.38) per decade. The slope is a straight line fitted to 36 complete years; the brackets give its 95 percent interval.
| Measure | Per decade (C) | Per decade (F) | Period | Complete years | Reading |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annual mean temperature | 0.00 C (-0.20 to 0.21) per decade | 0.01 F (-0.37 to 0.38) per decade | 1926 to 2025 | 36 | Not clearly different from zero |
| Mean daily maximum | -0.02 C (-0.29 to 0.26) per decade | -0.03 F (-0.53 to 0.47) per decade | 1926 to 2025 | 36 | Not clearly different from zero |
| Mean daily minimum | 0.02 C (-0.13 to 0.17) per decade | 0.04 F (-0.23 to 0.31) per decade | 1926 to 2025 | 36 | Not clearly different from zero |
A year is complete when all 12 months have at least 20 days of both daily maximum and daily minimum readings. The annual mean is the mean of the monthly means. The trend describes this one station over this period; it does not say what caused the change.
Extremes by Year
1923 to 2026| Measure | Record | Year of the record | Median year | Years with a value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hottest day (TXx) | 44.4 C (111.9 F) | 2006 | 40.0 C (104.0 F) | 45 |
| Coldest night (TNn) | -42.2 C (-44.0 F) | 1927 | -29.4 C (-20.9 F) | 45 |
| Wettest day (Rx1day) | 91.7 mm (3.6 in) | 1971 | 45.0 mm (1.8 in) | 83 |
| Wettest five days (Rx5day) | 152.0 mm (6.0 in) | 1982 | 66.8 mm (2.6 in) | 83 |
| Longest dry spell (CDD) | 88 days | 1928 | 39 days | 83 |
Hottest day (TXx)
| Year | Hottest day (TXx) |
|---|---|
| 1923 | 36.7 C (98.1 F) |
| 1924 | 39.4 C (102.9 F) |
| 1925 | 40.0 C (104.0 F) |
| 1926 | 42.8 C (109.0 F) |
| 1927 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 1928 | 40.0 C (104.0 F) |
| 1950 | n/a |
| 1951 | n/a |
| 1952 | n/a |
| 1953 | n/a |
| 1954 | n/a |
| 1955 | n/a |
| 1956 | n/a |
| 1957 | n/a |
| 1958 | n/a |
| 1959 | n/a |
| 1960 | n/a |
| 1961 | n/a |
| 1962 | n/a |
| 1963 | n/a |
| 1964 | n/a |
| 1965 | n/a |
| 1966 | n/a |
| 1967 | n/a |
| 1968 | n/a |
| 1969 | n/a |
| 1970 | n/a |
| 1971 | n/a |
| 1972 | n/a |
| 1973 | n/a |
| 1974 | n/a |
| 1975 | n/a |
| 1976 | n/a |
| 1977 | n/a |
| 1978 | n/a |
| 1979 | n/a |
| 1980 | n/a |
| 1981 | n/a |
| 1982 | n/a |
| 1983 | n/a |
| 1984 | n/a |
| 1985 | n/a |
| 1986 | n/a |
| 1987 | n/a |
| 1988 | 43.9 C (111.0 F) |
| 1989 | 42.8 C (109.0 F) |
| 1990 | 41.7 C (107.1 F) |
| 1991 | 39.4 C (102.9 F) |
| 1992 | 40.0 C (104.0 F) |
| 1993 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1994 | 39.4 C (102.9 F) |
| 1995 | 40.0 C (104.0 F) |
| 1996 | 37.8 C (100.0 F) |
| 1997 | 36.7 C (98.1 F) |
| 1998 | 41.7 C (107.1 F) |
| 1999 | 39.4 C (102.9 F) |
| 2000 | 40.0 C (104.0 F) |
| 2001 | 41.1 C (106.0 F) |
| 2002 | 43.3 C (109.9 F) |
| 2003 | 43.3 C (109.9 F) |
| 2004 | 39.4 C (102.9 F) |
| 2005 | 41.7 C (107.1 F) |
| 2006 | 44.4 C (111.9 F) |
| 2007 | 42.2 C (108.0 F) |
| 2008 | 37.2 C (99.0 F) |
| 2009 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 2010 | 41.1 C (106.0 F) |
| 2011 | 39.4 C (102.9 F) |
| 2012 | 42.8 C (109.0 F) |
| 2013 | 40.0 C (104.0 F) |
| 2014 | 37.2 C (99.0 F) |
| 2015 | 38.3 C (100.9 F) |
| 2016 | 40.0 C (104.0 F) |
| 2017 | 41.1 C (106.0 F) |
| 2018 | 39.4 C (102.9 F) |
| 2019 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 2020 | 38.9 C (102.0 F) |
| 2021 | 42.2 C (108.0 F) |
| 2022 | 42.8 C (109.0 F) |
| 2023 | 38.3 C (100.9 F) |
| 2024 | 42.2 C (108.0 F) |
| 2025 | 40.0 C (104.0 F) |
| 2026 | 41.1 C (106.0 F) |
Coldest night (TNn)
| Year | Coldest night (TNn) |
|---|---|
| 1923 | -26.1 C (-15.0 F) |
| 1924 | -37.2 C (-35.0 F) |
| 1925 | -37.2 C (-35.0 F) |
| 1926 | -31.7 C (-25.1 F) |
| 1927 | -42.2 C (-44.0 F) |
| 1928 | -33.3 C (-27.9 F) |
| 1950 | n/a |
| 1951 | n/a |
| 1952 | n/a |
| 1953 | n/a |
| 1954 | n/a |
| 1955 | n/a |
| 1956 | n/a |
| 1957 | n/a |
| 1958 | n/a |
| 1959 | n/a |
| 1960 | n/a |
| 1961 | n/a |
| 1962 | n/a |
| 1963 | n/a |
| 1964 | n/a |
| 1965 | n/a |
| 1966 | n/a |
| 1967 | n/a |
| 1968 | n/a |
| 1969 | n/a |
| 1970 | n/a |
| 1971 | n/a |
| 1972 | n/a |
| 1973 | n/a |
| 1974 | n/a |
| 1975 | n/a |
| 1976 | n/a |
| 1977 | n/a |
| 1978 | n/a |
| 1979 | n/a |
| 1980 | n/a |
| 1981 | n/a |
| 1982 | n/a |
| 1983 | n/a |
| 1984 | n/a |
| 1985 | n/a |
| 1986 | n/a |
| 1987 | n/a |
| 1988 | -22.2 C (-8.0 F) |
| 1989 | -35.0 C (-31.0 F) |
| 1990 | -34.4 C (-29.9 F) |
| 1991 | -27.8 C (-18.0 F) |
| 1992 | -26.1 C (-15.0 F) |
| 1993 | -31.1 C (-24.0 F) |
| 1994 | -35.0 C (-31.0 F) |
| 1995 | -28.3 C (-18.9 F) |
| 1996 | -35.0 C (-31.0 F) |
| 1997 | -28.3 C (-18.9 F) |
| 1998 | -31.1 C (-24.0 F) |
| 1999 | -25.6 C (-14.1 F) |
| 2000 | -28.3 C (-18.9 F) |
| 2001 | -29.4 C (-20.9 F) |
| 2002 | -25.6 C (-14.1 F) |
| 2003 | -27.8 C (-18.0 F) |
| 2004 | -25.0 C (-13.0 F) |
| 2005 | -27.8 C (-18.0 F) |
| 2006 | -30.6 C (-23.1 F) |
| 2007 | -32.8 C (-27.0 F) |
| 2008 | -28.9 C (-20.0 F) |
| 2009 | -26.1 C (-15.0 F) |
| 2010 | -28.9 C (-20.0 F) |
| 2011 | -30.6 C (-23.1 F) |
| 2012 | -22.8 C (-9.0 F) |
| 2013 | -28.9 C (-20.0 F) |
| 2014 | -30.0 C (-22.0 F) |
| 2015 | -23.9 C (-11.0 F) |
| 2016 | -31.7 C (-25.1 F) |
| 2017 | -28.3 C (-18.9 F) |
| 2018 | -30.0 C (-22.0 F) |
| 2019 | -30.6 C (-23.1 F) |
| 2020 | -23.9 C (-11.0 F) |
| 2021 | -30.0 C (-22.0 F) |
| 2022 | -27.8 C (-18.0 F) |
| 2023 | -30.0 C (-22.0 F) |
| 2024 | -32.8 C (-27.0 F) |
| 2025 | -31.7 C (-25.1 F) |
| 2026 | -26.1 C (-15.0 F) |
Wettest day (Rx1day)
| Year | Wettest day (Rx1day) |
|---|---|
| 1923 | 63.5 mm (2.5 in) |
| 1924 | 30.5 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1925 | 82.6 mm (3.3 in) |
| 1926 | 33.0 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1927 | 53.3 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1928 | 30.7 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1950 | 44.5 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1951 | 39.9 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1952 | 29.0 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1953 | 45.7 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1954 | 38.4 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1955 | 64.3 mm (2.5 in) |
| 1956 | 29.2 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1957 | 58.7 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1958 | 57.2 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1959 | 22.4 mm (0.9 in) |
| 1960 | 37.6 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1961 | 46.5 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1962 | 52.8 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1963 | 82.6 mm (3.3 in) |
| 1964 | 50.8 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1965 | 59.2 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1966 | 23.4 mm (0.9 in) |
| 1967 | 50.8 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1968 | 48.5 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1969 | 61.0 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1970 | 40.6 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1971 | 91.7 mm (3.6 in) |
| 1972 | 25.1 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1973 | 47.2 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1974 | 45.0 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1975 | 43.4 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1976 | 83.8 mm (3.3 in) |
| 1977 | 47.5 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1978 | 26.7 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1979 | 31.0 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1980 | 34.8 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1981 | 39.9 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1982 | 52.6 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1983 | 37.3 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1984 | 40.6 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1985 | 18.8 mm (0.7 in) |
| 1986 | 45.7 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1987 | 47.0 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1988 | 48.8 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1989 | 27.2 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1990 | 25.1 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1991 | 32.8 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1992 | 38.4 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1993 | 46.5 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1994 | 33.8 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1995 | 46.2 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1996 | 47.5 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1997 | 41.7 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1998 | 80.5 mm (3.2 in) |
| 1999 | 40.6 mm (1.6 in) |
| 2000 | 54.1 mm (2.1 in) |
| 2001 | 26.7 mm (1.1 in) |
| 2002 | 19.1 mm (0.8 in) |
| 2003 | 34.3 mm (1.4 in) |
| 2004 | 57.2 mm (2.3 in) |
| 2005 | 46.2 mm (1.8 in) |
| 2006 | 32.3 mm (1.3 in) |
| 2007 | 29.7 mm (1.2 in) |
| 2008 | 60.5 mm (2.4 in) |
| 2009 | 47.0 mm (1.9 in) |
| 2010 | 32.3 mm (1.3 in) |
| 2011 | 49.0 mm (1.9 in) |
| 2012 | 19.3 mm (0.8 in) |
| 2013 | 71.4 mm (2.8 in) |
| 2014 | 25.9 mm (1.0 in) |
| 2015 | 80.0 mm (3.1 in) |
| 2016 | 37.1 mm (1.5 in) |
| 2017 | 30.2 mm (1.2 in) |
| 2018 | 83.8 mm (3.3 in) |
| 2019 | 52.3 mm (2.1 in) |
| 2020 | 36.6 mm (1.4 in) |
| 2021 | 72.4 mm (2.9 in) |
| 2022 | 55.6 mm (2.2 in) |
| 2023 | 58.4 mm (2.3 in) |
| 2024 | 38.1 mm (1.5 in) |
| 2025 | 31.0 mm (1.2 in) |
| 2026 | 46.2 mm (1.8 in) |
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
| Year | Wettest five days (Rx5day) |
|---|---|
| 1923 | 124.3 mm (4.9 in) |
| 1924 | 43.2 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1925 | 101.4 mm (4.0 in) |
| 1926 | 53.3 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1927 | 119.3 mm (4.7 in) |
| 1928 | 60.2 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1950 | 71.1 mm (2.8 in) |
| 1951 | 44.7 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1952 | 52.7 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1953 | 72.4 mm (2.9 in) |
| 1954 | 67.1 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1955 | 65.6 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1956 | 48.5 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1957 | 96.3 mm (3.8 in) |
| 1958 | 69.0 mm (2.7 in) |
| 1959 | 47.1 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1960 | 61.6 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1961 | 47.0 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1962 | 136.4 mm (5.4 in) |
| 1963 | 99.8 mm (3.9 in) |
| 1964 | 89.4 mm (3.5 in) |
| 1965 | 70.9 mm (2.8 in) |
| 1966 | 27.1 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1967 | 87.8 mm (3.5 in) |
| 1968 | 75.2 mm (3.0 in) |
| 1969 | 79.8 mm (3.1 in) |
| 1970 | 68.0 mm (2.7 in) |
| 1971 | 91.7 mm (3.6 in) |
| 1972 | 36.5 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1973 | 91.9 mm (3.6 in) |
| 1974 | 53.6 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1975 | 54.3 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1976 | 137.9 mm (5.4 in) |
| 1977 | 64.2 mm (2.5 in) |
| 1978 | 38.9 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1979 | 53.6 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1980 | 54.1 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1981 | 70.2 mm (2.8 in) |
| 1982 | 152.0 mm (6.0 in) |
| 1983 | 51.5 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1984 | 53.9 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1985 | 28.5 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1986 | 66.8 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1987 | 75.9 mm (3.0 in) |
| 1988 | 73.7 mm (2.9 in) |
| 1989 | 50.7 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1990 | 28.0 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1991 | 55.9 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1992 | 83.1 mm (3.3 in) |
| 1993 | 60.2 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1994 | 41.9 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1995 | 86.6 mm (3.4 in) |
| 1996 | 99.6 mm (3.9 in) |
| 1997 | 94.8 mm (3.7 in) |
| 1998 | 85.2 mm (3.4 in) |
| 1999 | 57.9 mm (2.3 in) |
| 2000 | 71.1 mm (2.8 in) |
| 2001 | 46.0 mm (1.8 in) |
| 2002 | 46.5 mm (1.8 in) |
| 2003 | 42.4 mm (1.7 in) |
| 2004 | 77.0 mm (3.0 in) |
| 2005 | 78.3 mm (3.1 in) |
| 2006 | 64.6 mm (2.5 in) |
| 2007 | 33.8 mm (1.3 in) |
| 2008 | 93.5 mm (3.7 in) |
| 2009 | 48.1 mm (1.9 in) |
| 2010 | 57.8 mm (2.3 in) |
| 2011 | 84.4 mm (3.3 in) |
| 2012 | 21.9 mm (0.9 in) |
| 2013 | 104.9 mm (4.1 in) |
| 2014 | 50.8 mm (2.0 in) |
| 2015 | 84.1 mm (3.3 in) |
| 2016 | 53.9 mm (2.1 in) |
| 2017 | 36.6 mm (1.4 in) |
| 2018 | 143.5 mm (5.6 in) |
| 2019 | 113.5 mm (4.5 in) |
| 2020 | 36.6 mm (1.4 in) |
| 2021 | 88.7 mm (3.5 in) |
| 2022 | 81.7 mm (3.2 in) |
| 2023 | 102.8 mm (4.0 in) |
| 2024 | 43.4 mm (1.7 in) |
| 2025 | 53.6 mm (2.1 in) |
| 2026 | 70.1 mm (2.8 in) |
Longest dry spell (CDD)
| Year | Longest dry spell (CDD) |
|---|---|
| 1923 | 63 days |
| 1924 | 48 days |
| 1925 | 52 days |
| 1926 | 56 days |
| 1927 | 58 days |
| 1928 | 88 days |
| 1950 | 53 days |
| 1951 | 48 days |
| 1952 | 67 days |
| 1953 | 47 days |
| 1954 | 34 days |
| 1955 | 23 days |
| 1956 | 33 days |
| 1957 | 44 days |
| 1958 | 37 days |
| 1959 | 33 days |
| 1960 | 45 days |
| 1961 | 41 days |
| 1962 | 59 days |
| 1963 | 40 days |
| 1964 | 41 days |
| 1965 | 28 days |
| 1966 | 24 days |
| 1967 | 36 days |
| 1968 | 58 days |
| 1969 | 58 days |
| 1970 | 30 days |
| 1971 | 32 days |
| 1972 | 45 days |
| 1973 | 43 days |
| 1974 | 33 days |
| 1975 | 58 days |
| 1976 | 50 days |
| 1977 | 17 days |
| 1978 | 45 days |
| 1979 | 37 days |
| 1980 | 28 days |
| 1981 | 40 days |
| 1982 | 23 days |
| 1983 | 33 days |
| 1984 | 62 days |
| 1985 | 45 days |
| 1986 | 39 days |
| 1987 | 42 days |
| 1988 | 37 days |
| 1989 | 25 days |
| 1990 | 41 days |
| 1991 | 39 days |
| 1992 | 52 days |
| 1993 | 36 days |
| 1994 | 22 days |
| 1995 | 32 days |
| 1996 | 29 days |
| 1997 | 27 days |
| 1998 | 39 days |
| 1999 | 45 days |
| 2000 | 29 days |
| 2001 | 33 days |
| 2002 | 38 days |
| 2003 | 38 days |
| 2004 | 60 days |
| 2005 | 27 days |
| 2006 | 45 days |
| 2007 | 44 days |
| 2008 | 20 days |
| 2009 | 23 days |
| 2010 | 26 days |
| 2011 | 18 days |
| 2012 | 50 days |
| 2013 | 26 days |
| 2014 | 44 days |
| 2015 | 50 days |
| 2016 | 44 days |
| 2017 | 29 days |
| 2018 | 25 days |
| 2019 | 20 days |
| 2020 | 43 days |
| 2021 | 31 days |
| 2022 | 32 days |
| 2023 | 30 days |
| 2024 | 41 days |
| 2025 | 33 days |
| 2026 | 39 days |
Each chart shows one value per year; the dot marks the record year. TXx is the hottest daily maximum, TNn the coldest daily minimum, Rx1day and Rx5day the largest one-day and five-day rain totals, and CDD the longest run of days with less than 1 mm of rain. A year with missing days can understate an extreme.
Frost Dates and Growing Season
36 years with a frostAcross 36 years with a frost, the median last spring frost at Elm Springs 3 ESE falls on 11 May and the median first autumn frost on 5 October, which leaves a median of 146 days between them.
Fitted over all years, the growing season changes by +2.4 days per decade at this station.
| Measure | Median, all years | Earliest period | Recent period (1994 to 2025) | Recent against earliest | Fitted trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last spring frost | 11 May | n/a | 11 May | n/a | -0.5 days per decade |
| First autumn frost | 5 October | n/a | 5 October | n/a | +1.9 days per decade |
| Growing days | 146 days | n/a | 150 days | n/a | +2.4 days per decade |
A frost day is a day with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F). The last spring frost and the first autumn frost are the last and first such days of the cold season, and growing days are the days between them. A negative trend for the last spring frost means it comes earlier.
Rainfall Return Levels
78 years, 1924 to 2025A day with at least 42.5 mm (1.7 in) of rain is expected about once in 2 years. A day with at least 99.6 mm (3.9 in) of rain is expected about once in 100 years.
| Expected about once in | A day with at least | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 2 years | 42.5 mm (1.7 in) | |
| 5 years | 57.9 mm (2.3 in) | |
| 10 years | 68.1 mm (2.7 in) | |
| 25 years | 80.8 mm (3.2 in) | |
| 50 years | 90.3 mm (3.6 in) | |
| 100 years | 99.6 mm (3.9 in) | Longer than the 78 years of record |
The levels come from a generalised extreme value (GEV) distribution fitted by L-moments to the wettest-day total of each year, 78 years of values from 1924 to 2025.
A return level is an estimate. It is least reliable for the long periods, 50 and 100 years, and for any period longer than the record behind the fit, where the fit has to reach past the largest day actually observed. It is not a forecast.
The largest wettest-day totals in the fit: 91.7 mm (3.6 in) in 1971; 83.8 mm (3.3 in) in 1976; 83.8 mm (3.3 in) in 2018.
Download the Data
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-15 (15 October 2026). Records are computed by this site and are not official.
Data as of . Last revised (2026-10-15).