Record envelope, standing records and threshold days for Ottumwa (USC00396397), South Dakota, United States, with 37 years of record.
Key Facts for Ottumwa
Ottumwa (USC00396397) is a weather station in South Dakota, United States at 44.22 latitude and -101.37 longitude, 641 m (2,103 ft) above sea level.
The station reports from 1908 to 1944, 37 years of record.
1,464 records set at Ottumwa still stand.
Records are tracked for tmax, tmin, prcp: an element needs 30 years of data to be eligible.
Ottumwa set a daily record precipitation of 0.3 mm (0.01 in) on 23 December 1944.
About the Station
Location: South Dakota, United States, 44.22 latitude, -101.37 longitude.
Elevation: 641 m (2,103 ft).
Period of record: 1908 to 1944, 37 years.
Eligible elements: tmax, tmin, prcp.
Daily Record Envelope and 2026
0 days at or beyond a record
Record highRecord low2026 daily maximum2026 daily minimum
The band shows the record high and record low for each calendar day at Ottumwa. The lines show the 2026 daily maximum and minimum. 0 days in 2026 matched or passed a record. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius.
Daily record high and record low at Ottumwa, with 2026 drawn through them
Month
Highest record high
Lowest record low
2026 highest maximum
2026 lowest minimum
Jan
23.3 C (73.9 F)
-42.2 C (-44.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Feb
23.3 C (73.9 F)
-42.2 C (-44.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Mar
31.7 C (89.1 F)
-33.3 C (-27.9 F)
n/a
n/a
Apr
33.3 C (91.9 F)
-21.1 C (-6.0 F)
n/a
n/a
May
41.1 C (106.0 F)
-10.6 C (12.9 F)
n/a
n/a
Jun
44.4 C (111.9 F)
-1.1 C (30.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Jul
46.1 C (115.0 F)
0.6 C (33.1 F)
n/a
n/a
Aug
43.9 C (111.0 F)
1.1 C (34.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Sep
43.3 C (109.9 F)
-10.0 C (14.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Oct
36.1 C (97.0 F)
-25.6 C (-14.1 F)
n/a
n/a
Nov
25.6 C (78.1 F)
-31.7 C (-25.1 F)
n/a
n/a
Dec
22.8 C (73.0 F)
-41.1 C (-42.0 F)
n/a
n/a
Which Years Hold Standing Records
1,464 standing records
Year with most
1,464 records at Ottumwa still stand. 1936 holds the most, with 92.
Standing records at Ottumwa by the year they were set
Year set
Standing records
1908
33
1909
54
1910
36
1911
47
1912
48
1913
32
1914
42
1915
49
1916
38
1917
52
1918
42
1919
35
1920
29
1921
32
1922
20
1923
18
1924
41
1925
36
1926
32
1927
35
1928
25
1929
31
1930
34
1931
47
1932
33
1933
46
1934
60
1935
42
1936
92
1937
34
1938
38
1939
53
1940
28
1941
34
1942
43
1943
40
1944
33
Wettest Day of Each Month
May: 77.0 mm (3.0 in)
The wettest day on record for each calendar month at Ottumwa. The most was 77.0 mm (3.0 in) on 8 May 1927.
Record daily precipitation for each month at Ottumwa
Month
Record daily precipitation (mm)
Date
Jan
20.3 mm (0.8 in)
25 January 1918
Feb
20.3 mm (0.8 in)
22 February 1914
Mar
35.6 mm (1.4 in)
5 March 1933
Apr
50.0 mm (2.0 in)
24 April 1917
May
77.0 mm (3.0 in)
8 May 1927
Jun
58.2 mm (2.3 in)
12 June 1937
Jul
62.7 mm (2.5 in)
7 July 1915
Aug
73.2 mm (2.9 in)
6 August 1917
Sep
39.1 mm (1.5 in)
5 September 1911
Oct
48.8 mm (1.9 in)
21 October 1931
Nov
20.3 mm (0.8 in)
4 November 1925
Dec
17.8 mm (0.7 in)
30 December 1922
Period of Record Coverage
1908 to 1944
Complete yearUnder 90 percent of days
37 years of record at Ottumwa, 1908 to 1944. 13 years have data for under 90 percent of days and are left out of rankings: 1908, 1910, 1911, 1913, 1916, 1918, 1919, 1920 and others.
Cooler than the station meanWarmer than the station mean
One stripe for each of 22 complete years at Ottumwa, 1909 to 1944. Blue stripes are years cooler than the station's own mean of 8.1 C (46.5 F); red stripes are warmer. The coolest year was 1917, at 5.8 C (42.5 F), and the warmest was 1934, at 10.2 C (50.3 F). The strongest colour marks a difference of 2.3 C (4.1 F).
Annual mean temperature at Ottumwa as warming stripes, 1909 to 1944
Year
Annual mean temperature
Difference from the station mean
1909
7.1 C
-0.93 C
1912
6.5 C
-1.57 C
1915
6.1 C
-1.93 C
1917
5.8 C
-2.24 C
1924
7.0 C
-1.05 C
1925
8.3 C
+0.22 C
1926
9.1 C
+1.01 C
1929
7.0 C
-1.01 C
1930
8.5 C
+0.43 C
1931
9.8 C
+1.71 C
1932
7.2 C
-0.83 C
1933
9.1 C
+1.01 C
1934
10.2 C
+2.11 C
1935
8.6 C
+0.56 C
1936
7.8 C
-0.22 C
1937
7.7 C
-0.33 C
1938
9.0 C
+0.93 C
1939
9.6 C
+1.59 C
1940
8.4 C
+0.31 C
1941
9.2 C
+1.13 C
1943
8.2 C
+0.12 C
1944
7.0 C
-1.02 C
This station does not have enough complete years (30 are needed) to fit a temperature trend.
A year is complete when all 12 months have at least 20 days of both daily maximum and daily minimum readings. The annual mean is the mean of the monthly means. The trend describes this one station over this period; it does not say what caused the change.
Extremes by Year
1908 to 1944
Yearly extremes at Ottumwa: the record and the median year
Measure
Record
Year of the record
Median year
Years with a value
Hottest day (TXx)
46.1 C (115.0 F)
1936
41.7 C (107.1 F)
37
Coldest night (TNn)
-42.2 C (-44.0 F)
1912
-32.8 C (-27.0 F)
37
Wettest day (Rx1day)
77.0 mm (3.0 in)
1927
39.9 mm (1.6 in)
37
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
125.0 mm (4.9 in)
1927
55.4 mm (2.2 in)
37
Longest dry spell (CDD)
99 days
1926
40 days
37
Hottest day (TXx)
The hottest day of the year at Ottumwa, 1908 to 1944. The record is 46.1 C (115.0 F) in 1936, marked on the chart; the median year is 41.7 C (107.1 F).
Hottest day (TXx) at Ottumwa by year
Year
Hottest day (TXx)
1908
43.3 C (109.9 F)
1909
45.0 C (113.0 F)
1910
40.6 C (105.1 F)
1911
40.6 C (105.1 F)
1912
39.4 C (102.9 F)
1913
40.6 C (105.1 F)
1914
42.2 C (108.0 F)
1915
35.6 C (96.1 F)
1916
37.2 C (99.0 F)
1917
43.9 C (111.0 F)
1918
40.6 C (105.1 F)
1919
40.0 C (104.0 F)
1920
41.1 C (106.0 F)
1921
41.7 C (107.1 F)
1922
39.4 C (102.9 F)
1923
38.9 C (102.0 F)
1924
40.6 C (105.1 F)
1925
41.7 C (107.1 F)
1926
43.3 C (109.9 F)
1927
35.6 C (96.1 F)
1928
40.6 C (105.1 F)
1929
42.8 C (109.0 F)
1930
44.4 C (111.9 F)
1931
45.0 C (113.0 F)
1932
40.0 C (104.0 F)
1933
44.4 C (111.9 F)
1934
45.6 C (114.1 F)
1935
43.9 C (111.0 F)
1936
46.1 C (115.0 F)
1937
42.8 C (109.0 F)
1938
41.7 C (107.1 F)
1939
42.2 C (108.0 F)
1940
42.8 C (109.0 F)
1941
43.3 C (109.9 F)
1942
38.3 C (100.9 F)
1943
40.6 C (105.1 F)
1944
41.7 C (107.1 F)
Coldest night (TNn)
The coldest night of the year at Ottumwa, 1908 to 1944. The record is -42.2 C (-44.0 F) in 1912, marked on the chart; the median year is -32.8 C (-27.0 F).
Coldest night (TNn) at Ottumwa by year
Year
Coldest night (TNn)
1908
-26.7 C (-16.1 F)
1909
-32.8 C (-27.0 F)
1910
-30.6 C (-23.1 F)
1911
-31.1 C (-24.0 F)
1912
-42.2 C (-44.0 F)
1913
-35.6 C (-32.1 F)
1914
-37.2 C (-35.0 F)
1915
-33.3 C (-27.9 F)
1916
-41.1 C (-42.0 F)
1917
-42.2 C (-44.0 F)
1918
-37.2 C (-35.0 F)
1919
-33.3 C (-27.9 F)
1920
-32.8 C (-27.0 F)
1921
-25.6 C (-14.1 F)
1922
-34.4 C (-29.9 F)
1923
-30.6 C (-23.1 F)
1924
-34.4 C (-29.9 F)
1925
-32.8 C (-27.0 F)
1926
-27.8 C (-18.0 F)
1927
-23.9 C (-11.0 F)
1928
-30.6 C (-23.1 F)
1929
-35.6 C (-32.1 F)
1930
-32.8 C (-27.0 F)
1931
-23.3 C (-9.9 F)
1932
-32.8 C (-27.0 F)
1933
-33.9 C (-29.0 F)
1934
-32.2 C (-26.0 F)
1935
-30.0 C (-22.0 F)
1936
-39.4 C (-38.9 F)
1937
-32.8 C (-27.0 F)
1938
-31.1 C (-24.0 F)
1939
-31.1 C (-24.0 F)
1940
-32.8 C (-27.0 F)
1941
-26.1 C (-15.0 F)
1942
-33.3 C (-27.9 F)
1943
-33.3 C (-27.9 F)
1944
-38.9 C (-38.0 F)
Wettest day (Rx1day)
The wettest day of the year at Ottumwa, 1908 to 1944. The record is 77.0 mm (3.0 in) in 1927, marked on the chart; the median year is 39.9 mm (1.6 in).
Wettest day (Rx1day) at Ottumwa by year
Year
Wettest day (Rx1day)
1908
51.8 mm (2.0 in)
1909
38.1 mm (1.5 in)
1910
29.2 mm (1.1 in)
1911
39.1 mm (1.5 in)
1912
39.9 mm (1.6 in)
1913
51.6 mm (2.0 in)
1914
28.4 mm (1.1 in)
1915
62.7 mm (2.5 in)
1916
32.8 mm (1.3 in)
1917
73.2 mm (2.9 in)
1918
38.1 mm (1.5 in)
1919
43.2 mm (1.7 in)
1920
43.9 mm (1.7 in)
1921
33.3 mm (1.3 in)
1922
32.3 mm (1.3 in)
1923
46.5 mm (1.8 in)
1924
30.0 mm (1.2 in)
1925
46.5 mm (1.8 in)
1926
24.6 mm (1.0 in)
1927
77.0 mm (3.0 in)
1928
49.8 mm (2.0 in)
1929
33.0 mm (1.3 in)
1930
58.4 mm (2.3 in)
1931
48.8 mm (1.9 in)
1932
49.0 mm (1.9 in)
1933
35.6 mm (1.4 in)
1934
59.9 mm (2.4 in)
1935
34.0 mm (1.3 in)
1936
25.1 mm (1.0 in)
1937
58.2 mm (2.3 in)
1938
40.6 mm (1.6 in)
1939
31.2 mm (1.2 in)
1940
31.8 mm (1.3 in)
1941
48.3 mm (1.9 in)
1942
53.6 mm (2.1 in)
1943
32.0 mm (1.3 in)
1944
38.1 mm (1.5 in)
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
The wettest five days of the year at Ottumwa, 1908 to 1944. The record is 125.0 mm (4.9 in) in 1927, marked on the chart; the median year is 55.4 mm (2.2 in).
Wettest five days (Rx5day) at Ottumwa by year
Year
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
1908
60.9 mm (2.4 in)
1909
42.2 mm (1.7 in)
1910
31.2 mm (1.2 in)
1911
46.8 mm (1.8 in)
1912
63.0 mm (2.5 in)
1913
51.6 mm (2.0 in)
1914
39.3 mm (1.5 in)
1915
116.4 mm (4.6 in)
1916
56.9 mm (2.2 in)
1917
92.4 mm (3.6 in)
1918
74.7 mm (2.9 in)
1919
45.7 mm (1.8 in)
1920
55.8 mm (2.2 in)
1921
55.4 mm (2.2 in)
1922
44.5 mm (1.8 in)
1923
71.4 mm (2.8 in)
1924
58.1 mm (2.3 in)
1925
91.0 mm (3.6 in)
1926
38.6 mm (1.5 in)
1927
125.0 mm (4.9 in)
1928
55.1 mm (2.2 in)
1929
33.0 mm (1.3 in)
1930
105.1 mm (4.1 in)
1931
54.6 mm (2.1 in)
1932
71.4 mm (2.8 in)
1933
55.9 mm (2.2 in)
1934
67.5 mm (2.7 in)
1935
49.5 mm (1.9 in)
1936
25.1 mm (1.0 in)
1937
78.3 mm (3.1 in)
1938
40.6 mm (1.6 in)
1939
41.1 mm (1.6 in)
1940
34.8 mm (1.4 in)
1941
92.4 mm (3.6 in)
1942
90.1 mm (3.5 in)
1943
54.1 mm (2.1 in)
1944
45.2 mm (1.8 in)
Longest dry spell (CDD)
The longest dry spell of the year at Ottumwa, 1908 to 1944. The record is 99 days in 1926, marked on the chart; the median year is 40 days.
Longest dry spell (CDD) at Ottumwa by year
Year
Longest dry spell (CDD)
1908
36 days
1909
35 days
1910
35 days
1911
43 days
1912
31 days
1913
29 days
1914
45 days
1915
20 days
1916
38 days
1917
31 days
1918
40 days
1919
28 days
1920
28 days
1921
36 days
1922
32 days
1923
28 days
1924
30 days
1925
40 days
1926
99 days
1927
39 days
1928
85 days
1929
38 days
1930
54 days
1931
45 days
1932
61 days
1933
68 days
1934
55 days
1935
55 days
1936
45 days
1937
77 days
1938
49 days
1939
75 days
1940
65 days
1941
50 days
1942
42 days
1943
66 days
1944
36 days
Each chart shows one value per year; the dot marks the record year. TXx is the hottest daily maximum, TNn the coldest daily minimum, Rx1day and Rx5day the largest one-day and five-day rain totals, and CDD the longest run of days with less than 1 mm of rain. A year with missing days can understate an extreme.
Frost Dates and Growing Season
22 years with a frost
Across 22 years with a frost, the median last spring frost at Ottumwa falls on 18 May and the median first autumn frost on 22 September, which leaves a median of 127 days between them.
Frost dates and growing season at Ottumwa
Measure
Median, all years
Earliest period
Recent period (1909 to 1944)
Recent against earliest
Fitted trend
Last spring frost
18 May
n/a
18 May
n/a
n/a
First autumn frost
22 September
n/a
22 September
n/a
n/a
Growing days
127 days
n/a
127 days
n/a
n/a
A frost day is a day with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F). The last spring frost and the first autumn frost are the last and first such days of the cold season, and growing days are the days between them. A negative trend for the last spring frost means it comes earlier.
Download the Data
Data for Ottumwa standing records by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.
Data for Ottumwa threshold days by year: CSV or JSON. Field meanings are on the data page.
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-14 (14 October 2026). Records are computed by this site and are not official.