Penza Weather Records (RSM00027962)
Record envelope, standing records and threshold days for Penza (RSM00027962), Russia, with 90 years of record.
Key Facts for Penza
- Penza (RSM00027962) is a weather station in Russia at 53.13 latitude and 45.02 longitude, 169 m (554 ft) above sea level.
- The station reports from 1936 to 2025, 90 years of record.
- 1,464 records set at Penza still stand.
- Records are tracked for tmax, tmin, prcp: an element needs 30 years of data to be eligible.
- Penza tied a daily record high maximum temperature of 34.2 C (93.6 F) on 12 July 2025.
About the Station
- Location: Russia, 53.13 latitude, 45.02 longitude.
- Elevation: 169 m (554 ft).
- Period of record: 1936 to 2025, 90 years.
- Eligible elements: tmax, tmin, prcp.
Daily Record Envelope and 2026
10 days at or beyond a record| Month | Highest record high | Lowest record low | 2026 highest maximum | 2026 lowest minimum |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 9.7 C (49.5 F) | -39.9 C (-39.8 F) | 3.2 C (37.8 F) | -15.0 C (5.0 F) |
| Feb | 8.5 C (47.3 F) | -38.3 C (-36.9 F) | 2.3 C (36.1 F) | -23.3 C (-9.9 F) |
| Mar | 18.3 C (64.9 F) | -29.3 C (-20.7 F) | 17.3 C (63.1 F) | -15.9 C (3.4 F) |
| Apr | 28.3 C (82.9 F) | -16.6 C (2.1 F) | 26.2 C (79.2 F) | -5.3 C (22.5 F) |
| May | 35.6 C (96.1 F) | -5.6 C (21.9 F) | 31.5 C (88.7 F) | 1.3 C (34.3 F) |
| Jun | 37.7 C (99.9 F) | -0.8 C (30.6 F) | 32.1 C (89.8 F) | 7.4 C (45.3 F) |
| Jul | 39.3 C (102.7 F) | 4.7 C (40.5 F) | 34.2 C (93.6 F) | 9.5 C (49.1 F) |
| Aug | 40.4 C (104.7 F) | 1.4 C (34.5 F) | 32.1 C (89.8 F) | 10.2 C (50.4 F) |
| Sep | 33.6 C (92.5 F) | -6.4 C (20.5 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Oct | 25.6 C (78.1 F) | -17.1 C (1.2 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Nov | 18.6 C (65.5 F) | -29.7 C (-21.5 F) | n/a | n/a |
| Dec | 11.0 C (51.8 F) | -40.5 C (-40.9 F) | n/a | n/a |
Which Years Hold Standing Records
1,464 standing records| Year set | Standing records |
|---|---|
| 1936 | 27 |
| 1937 | 7 |
| 1938 | 17 |
| 1939 | 17 |
| 1940 | 15 |
| 1941 | 22 |
| 1942 | 34 |
| 1943 | 10 |
| 1944 | 15 |
| 1945 | 13 |
| 1946 | 11 |
| 1947 | 8 |
| 1948 | 22 |
| 1949 | 9 |
| 1950 | 19 |
| 1951 | 22 |
| 1952 | 11 |
| 1953 | 5 |
| 1954 | 15 |
| 1955 | 14 |
| 1956 | 18 |
| 1957 | 26 |
| 1958 | 11 |
| 1959 | 15 |
| 1960 | 9 |
| 1961 | 8 |
| 1962 | 8 |
| 1963 | 24 |
| 1964 | 4 |
| 1965 | 14 |
| 1966 | 9 |
| 1967 | 8 |
| 1968 | 15 |
| 1969 | 15 |
| 1970 | 7 |
| 1971 | 16 |
| 1972 | 27 |
| 1973 | 14 |
| 1974 | 9 |
| 1975 | 24 |
| 1976 | 30 |
| 1977 | 19 |
| 1978 | 15 |
| 1979 | 32 |
| 1980 | 13 |
| 1981 | 16 |
| 1982 | 13 |
| 1983 | 21 |
| 1984 | 11 |
| 1985 | 9 |
| 1986 | 14 |
| 1987 | 11 |
| 1988 | 13 |
| 1989 | 11 |
| 1990 | 15 |
| 1991 | 15 |
| 1992 | 8 |
| 1993 | 16 |
| 1994 | 23 |
| 1995 | 27 |
| 1996 | 16 |
| 1997 | 14 |
| 1998 | 31 |
| 1999 | 11 |
| 2000 | 18 |
| 2001 | 11 |
| 2002 | 26 |
| 2003 | 11 |
| 2004 | 14 |
| 2005 | 7 |
| 2006 | 25 |
| 2007 | 34 |
| 2008 | 29 |
| 2009 | 16 |
| 2010 | 64 |
| 2011 | 11 |
| 2012 | 16 |
| 2013 | 14 |
| 2014 | 11 |
| 2015 | 24 |
| 2016 | 12 |
| 2017 | 11 |
| 2018 | 10 |
| 2019 | 6 |
| 2020 | 20 |
| 2021 | 19 |
| 2022 | 6 |
| 2023 | 17 |
| 2024 | 17 |
| 2025 | 17 |
All-Time Record Progression
4 new records| Date | Kind | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| 1976-02-05 | Record low minimum temperature | Record low minimum temperature -38.3 C (-36.9 F) |
| 1978-12-31 | Record low minimum temperature | Record low minimum temperature -40.5 C (-40.9 F) |
| 2010-08-01 | Record high maximum temperature | Record high maximum temperature 40.4 C (104.7 F) |
| 2012-08-18 | Record daily precipitation | Record daily precipitation 103.2 mm (4.1 in) |
Wettest Day of Each Month
Aug: 103.2 mm (4.1 in)| Month | Record daily precipitation (mm) | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 25.0 mm (1.0 in) | 4 January 1962 |
| Feb | 31.1 mm (1.2 in) | 5 February 2018 |
| Mar | 25.5 mm (1.0 in) | 30 March 1961 |
| Apr | 42.7 mm (1.7 in) | 26 April 1958 |
| May | 70.5 mm (2.8 in) | 31 May 1943 |
| Jun | 69.4 mm (2.7 in) | 28 June 1958 |
| Jul | 100.2 mm (3.9 in) | 4 July 1948 |
| Aug | 103.2 mm (4.1 in) | 18 August 2012 |
| Sep | 49.9 mm (2.0 in) | 30 September 1963 |
| Oct | 54.1 mm (2.1 in) | 31 October 2020 |
| Nov | 28.9 mm (1.1 in) | 1 November 2004 |
| Dec | 29.0 mm (1.1 in) | 7 December 1976 |
Period of Record Coverage
1936 to 2025| Year | Days with data | Share of year | Complete |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1936 | 345 | 94% | Yes |
| 1937 | 341 | 93% | Yes |
| 1938 | 343 | 94% | Yes |
| 1939 | 338 | 93% | Yes |
| 1940 | 346 | 95% | Yes |
| 1941 | 340 | 93% | Yes |
| 1942 | 348 | 95% | Yes |
| 1943 | 349 | 96% | Yes |
| 1944 | 341 | 93% | Yes |
| 1945 | 346 | 95% | Yes |
| 1946 | 333 | 91% | Yes |
| 1947 | 342 | 94% | Yes |
| 1948 | 335 | 92% | Yes |
| 1949 | 350 | 96% | Yes |
| 1950 | 345 | 95% | Yes |
| 1951 | 344 | 94% | Yes |
| 1952 | 346 | 95% | Yes |
| 1953 | 331 | 91% | Yes |
| 1954 | 345 | 95% | Yes |
| 1955 | 341 | 93% | Yes |
| 1956 | 344 | 94% | Yes |
| 1957 | 338 | 93% | Yes |
| 1958 | 345 | 95% | Yes |
| 1959 | 352 | 96% | Yes |
| 1960 | 344 | 94% | Yes |
| 1961 | 341 | 93% | Yes |
| 1962 | 345 | 95% | Yes |
| 1963 | 343 | 94% | Yes |
| 1964 | 342 | 93% | Yes |
| 1965 | 336 | 92% | Yes |
| 1966 | 350 | 96% | Yes |
| 1967 | 353 | 97% | Yes |
| 1968 | 353 | 96% | Yes |
| 1969 | 358 | 98% | Yes |
| 1970 | 354 | 97% | Yes |
| 1971 | 362 | 99% | Yes |
| 1972 | 359 | 98% | Yes |
| 1973 | 320 | 88% | No |
| 1974 | 363 | 99% | Yes |
| 1975 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1976 | 346 | 95% | Yes |
| 1977 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1978 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1979 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1980 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1981 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1982 | 362 | 99% | Yes |
| 1983 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1984 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1985 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1986 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1987 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1988 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1989 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1990 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1991 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1992 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1993 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1994 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1995 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1996 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 1997 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1998 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 1999 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2000 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 2001 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2002 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2003 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2004 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 2005 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2006 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2007 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2008 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 2009 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2010 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2011 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2012 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 2013 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2014 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2015 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2016 | 366 | 100% | Yes |
| 2017 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2018 | 365 | 100% | Yes |
| 2019 | 286 | 78% | No |
| 2020 | 295 | 81% | No |
| 2021 | 216 | 59% | No |
| 2022 | 235 | 64% | No |
| 2023 | 305 | 84% | No |
| 2024 | 300 | 82% | No |
| 2025 | 217 | 59% | No |
Latest Records
20| Date | Station | Record | Value | Beat old record by | Old record stood | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 July 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high max (Tie) | 34.2 C (93.6 F) | tie | 52 years | 6 of 100 (Routine) |
| 22 April 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high max | 26.2 C (79.2 F) | 2.7 C (4.9 F) | 30 years | 22 of 100 (Routine) |
| 2 April 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high min | 8.0 C (46.4 F) | 2.9 C (5.2 F) | 50 years | 30 of 100 (Routine) |
| 1 April 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high max | 19.2 C (66.6 F) | 3.2 C (5.8 F) | 42 years | 25 of 100 (Routine) |
| 28 March 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high min | 4.7 C (40.5 F) | 0.9 C (1.6 F) | 70 years | 31 of 100 (Routine) |
| 15 March 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high max | 10.4 C (50.7 F) | 2.7 C (4.9 F) | 10 years | 17 of 100 (Routine) |
| 15 March 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high min | 2.3 C (36.1 F) | 0.7 C (1.3 F) | 16 years | 15 of 100 (Routine) |
| 14 March 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high max | 17.3 C (63.1 F) | 8.2 C (14.8 F) | 23 years | 31 of 100 (Routine) |
| 14 March 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high min | 4.7 C (40.5 F) | 3.7 C (6.7 F) | 20 years | 20 of 100 (Routine) |
| 13 March 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high min | 3.1 C (37.6 F) | 2.4 C (4.3 F) | 10 years | 15 of 100 (Routine) |
| 13 March 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high max | 12.1 C (53.8 F) | 0.8 C (1.4 F) | 4 years | 11 of 100 (Routine) |
| 12 March 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high min | 2.5 C (36.5 F) | 1.9 C (3.4 F) | 2 years | 11 of 100 (Routine) |
| 11 March 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high max | 8.1 C (46.6 F) | 0.7 C (1.3 F) | 8 years | 12 of 100 (Routine) |
| 7 March 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high max | 8.2 C (46.8 F) | 1.3 C (2.3 F) | 63 years | 29 of 100 (Routine) |
| 1 February 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high max | 2.3 C (36.1 F) | 0.1 C (0.2 F) | 9 years | 11 of 100 (Routine) |
| 31 January 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high min | 0.6 C (33.1 F) | 1.1 C (2.0 F) | 5 years | 11 of 100 (Routine) |
| 27 January 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high min | -0.4 C (31.3 F) | 0.9 C (1.6 F) | 54 years | 26 of 100 (Routine) |
| 9 January 2025 | Penza, RU | daily high max | 3.2 C (37.8 F) | 1.0 C (1.8 F) | 20 years | 16 of 100 (Routine) |
| 25 November 2024 | Penza, RU | daily rain | 14.0 mm (0.6 in) | 5.2 mm (0.20 in) | 69 years | 20 of 100 (Routine) |
| 7 October 2024 | Penza, RU | daily high max | 23.5 C (74.3 F) | 0.1 C (0.2 F) | 25 years | 15 of 100 (Routine) |
Climate Trend
81 complete years, 1936 to 2018| Year | Annual mean temperature | Difference from the station mean |
|---|---|---|
| 1936 | 5.2 C | +0.11 C |
| 1937 | 5.1 C | -0.03 C |
| 1938 | 6.1 C | +0.93 C |
| 1939 | 4.3 C | -0.88 C |
| 1940 | 3.4 C | -1.71 C |
| 1941 | 1.9 C | -3.22 C |
| 1942 | 2.2 C | -2.89 C |
| 1943 | 4.5 C | -0.62 C |
| 1944 | 5.0 C | -0.11 C |
| 1945 | 2.0 C | -3.18 C |
| 1946 | 4.5 C | -0.60 C |
| 1947 | 4.5 C | -0.67 C |
| 1948 | 4.9 C | -0.24 C |
| 1949 | 5.0 C | -0.17 C |
| 1950 | 4.1 C | -1.04 C |
| 1951 | 4.3 C | -0.86 C |
| 1952 | 4.3 C | -0.81 C |
| 1953 | 3.9 C | -1.27 C |
| 1954 | 4.3 C | -0.85 C |
| 1955 | 4.6 C | -0.52 C |
| 1956 | 2.7 C | -2.41 C |
| 1957 | 5.9 C | +0.81 C |
| 1958 | 4.3 C | -0.81 C |
| 1959 | 4.2 C | -0.97 C |
| 1960 | 5.0 C | -0.12 C |
| 1961 | 5.4 C | +0.30 C |
| 1962 | 5.8 C | +0.66 C |
| 1963 | 4.0 C | -1.15 C |
| 1964 | 4.5 C | -0.63 C |
| 1965 | 4.3 C | -0.87 C |
| 1966 | 5.7 C | +0.53 C |
| 1967 | 5.2 C | +0.04 C |
| 1968 | 3.9 C | -1.23 C |
| 1969 | 3.0 C | -2.12 C |
| 1970 | 4.2 C | -0.96 C |
| 1971 | 5.2 C | +0.02 C |
| 1972 | 5.3 C | +0.18 C |
| 1974 | 5.7 C | +0.54 C |
| 1975 | 6.4 C | +1.27 C |
| 1977 | 4.5 C | -0.66 C |
| 1978 | 4.0 C | -1.14 C |
| 1979 | 4.7 C | -0.42 C |
| 1980 | 4.2 C | -0.98 C |
| 1981 | 6.7 C | +1.53 C |
| 1982 | 5.2 C | +0.10 C |
| 1983 | 6.3 C | +1.14 C |
| 1984 | 5.0 C | -0.11 C |
| 1985 | 4.3 C | -0.85 C |
| 1986 | 4.8 C | -0.35 C |
| 1987 | 3.2 C | -1.89 C |
| 1988 | 5.4 C | +0.27 C |
| 1989 | 6.7 C | +1.57 C |
| 1990 | 6.1 C | +0.94 C |
| 1991 | 6.1 C | +0.99 C |
| 1992 | 5.6 C | +0.50 C |
| 1993 | 4.3 C | -0.88 C |
| 1994 | 4.3 C | -0.82 C |
| 1995 | 7.3 C | +2.18 C |
| 1996 | 4.8 C | -0.32 C |
| 1997 | 5.0 C | -0.09 C |
| 1998 | 5.3 C | +0.18 C |
| 1999 | 6.2 C | +1.10 C |
| 2000 | 6.3 C | +1.18 C |
| 2001 | 6.3 C | +1.16 C |
| 2002 | 5.7 C | +0.54 C |
| 2003 | 5.3 C | +0.18 C |
| 2004 | 6.4 C | +1.30 C |
| 2005 | 6.4 C | +1.24 C |
| 2006 | 5.4 C | +0.24 C |
| 2007 | 6.8 C | +1.63 C |
| 2008 | 7.3 C | +2.13 C |
| 2009 | 6.5 C | +1.33 C |
| 2010 | 7.1 C | +1.99 C |
| 2011 | 5.3 C | +0.15 C |
| 2012 | 6.8 C | +1.63 C |
| 2013 | 7.1 C | +1.95 C |
| 2014 | 6.1 C | +0.98 C |
| 2015 | 7.1 C | +1.96 C |
| 2016 | 6.9 C | +1.79 C |
| 2017 | 6.4 C | +1.26 C |
| 2018 | 5.8 C | +0.66 C |
The annual mean temperature here has risen by 0.3 C (0.2 to 0.4) per decade over 1936 to 2018. In Fahrenheit: 0.6 F (0.4 to 0.7) per decade. The slope is a straight line fitted to 81 complete years; the brackets give its 95 percent interval.
| Measure | Per decade (C) | Per decade (F) | Period | Complete years | Reading |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annual mean temperature | 0.3 C (0.2 to 0.4) per decade | 0.6 F (0.4 to 0.7) per decade | 1936 to 2018 | 81 | Rise |
| Mean daily maximum | 0.6 C (0.5 to 0.6) per decade | 1.0 F (0.8 to 1.2) per decade | 1936 to 2018 | 81 | Rise |
| Mean daily minimum | 0.09 C (0.00 to 0.18) per decade | 0.16 F (0.00 to 0.32) per decade | 1936 to 2018 | 81 | Rise |
A year is complete when all 12 months have at least 20 days of both daily maximum and daily minimum readings. The annual mean is the mean of the monthly means. The trend describes this one station over this period; it does not say what caused the change.
Extremes by Year
1936 to 2025| Measure | Record | Year of the record | Median year | Years with a value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hottest day (TXx) | 40.4 C (104.7 F) | 2010 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) | 90 |
| Coldest night (TNn) | -40.5 C (-40.9 F) | 1978 | -29.7 C (-21.5 F) | 90 |
| Wettest day (Rx1day) | 103.2 mm (4.1 in) | 2012 | 31.2 mm (1.2 in) | 90 |
| Wettest five days (Rx5day) | 150.2 mm (5.9 in) | 2012 | 51.5 mm (2.0 in) | 90 |
| Longest dry spell (CDD) | 57 days | 1984 | 23 days | 90 |
Hottest day (TXx)
| Year | Hottest day (TXx) |
|---|---|
| 1936 | 36.2 C (97.2 F) |
| 1937 | 30.4 C (86.7 F) |
| 1938 | 39.3 C (102.7 F) |
| 1939 | 32.9 C (91.2 F) |
| 1940 | 34.2 C (93.6 F) |
| 1941 | 31.3 C (88.3 F) |
| 1942 | 29.9 C (85.8 F) |
| 1943 | 31.7 C (89.1 F) |
| 1944 | 30.6 C (87.1 F) |
| 1945 | 30.1 C (86.2 F) |
| 1946 | 32.6 C (90.7 F) |
| 1947 | 32.6 C (90.7 F) |
| 1948 | 34.7 C (94.5 F) |
| 1949 | 31.9 C (89.4 F) |
| 1950 | 30.3 C (86.5 F) |
| 1951 | 34.7 C (94.5 F) |
| 1952 | 33.2 C (91.8 F) |
| 1953 | 32.8 C (91.0 F) |
| 1954 | 37.1 C (98.8 F) |
| 1955 | 32.2 C (90.0 F) |
| 1956 | 31.8 C (89.2 F) |
| 1957 | 34.2 C (93.6 F) |
| 1958 | 32.6 C (90.7 F) |
| 1959 | 32.3 C (90.1 F) |
| 1960 | 34.2 C (93.6 F) |
| 1961 | 32.1 C (89.8 F) |
| 1962 | 31.0 C (87.8 F) |
| 1963 | 31.8 C (89.2 F) |
| 1964 | 30.0 C (86.0 F) |
| 1965 | 31.9 C (89.4 F) |
| 1966 | 34.9 C (94.8 F) |
| 1967 | 31.2 C (88.2 F) |
| 1968 | 30.1 C (86.2 F) |
| 1969 | 31.8 C (89.2 F) |
| 1970 | 32.6 C (90.7 F) |
| 1971 | 38.2 C (100.8 F) |
| 1972 | 38.5 C (101.3 F) |
| 1973 | 29.5 C (85.1 F) |
| 1974 | 30.7 C (87.3 F) |
| 1975 | 35.2 C (95.4 F) |
| 1976 | 29.6 C (85.3 F) |
| 1977 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1978 | 30.1 C (86.2 F) |
| 1979 | 32.6 C (90.7 F) |
| 1980 | 31.5 C (88.7 F) |
| 1981 | 35.8 C (96.4 F) |
| 1982 | 33.2 C (91.8 F) |
| 1983 | 30.0 C (86.0 F) |
| 1984 | 36.2 C (97.2 F) |
| 1985 | 34.1 C (93.4 F) |
| 1986 | 34.3 C (93.7 F) |
| 1987 | 34.0 C (93.2 F) |
| 1988 | 35.0 C (95.0 F) |
| 1989 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1990 | 30.6 C (87.1 F) |
| 1991 | 37.7 C (99.9 F) |
| 1992 | 34.1 C (93.4 F) |
| 1993 | 31.4 C (88.5 F) |
| 1994 | 31.0 C (87.8 F) |
| 1995 | 33.4 C (92.1 F) |
| 1996 | 36.3 C (97.3 F) |
| 1997 | 33.3 C (91.9 F) |
| 1998 | 37.4 C (99.3 F) |
| 1999 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 2000 | 33.2 C (91.8 F) |
| 2001 | 35.5 C (95.9 F) |
| 2002 | 36.5 C (97.7 F) |
| 2003 | 32.0 C (89.6 F) |
| 2004 | 34.3 C (93.7 F) |
| 2005 | 31.9 C (89.4 F) |
| 2006 | 33.1 C (91.6 F) |
| 2007 | 36.0 C (96.8 F) |
| 2008 | 34.6 C (94.3 F) |
| 2009 | 34.4 C (93.9 F) |
| 2010 | 40.4 C (104.7 F) |
| 2011 | 36.6 C (97.9 F) |
| 2012 | 35.3 C (95.5 F) |
| 2013 | 33.2 C (91.8 F) |
| 2014 | 38.0 C (100.4 F) |
| 2015 | 37.4 C (99.3 F) |
| 2016 | 33.6 C (92.5 F) |
| 2017 | 35.1 C (95.2 F) |
| 2018 | 35.6 C (96.1 F) |
| 2019 | 34.2 C (93.6 F) |
| 2020 | 34.2 C (93.6 F) |
| 2021 | 34.8 C (94.6 F) |
| 2022 | 34.3 C (93.7 F) |
| 2023 | 32.9 C (91.2 F) |
| 2024 | 34.7 C (94.5 F) |
| 2025 | 34.2 C (93.6 F) |
Coldest night (TNn)
| Year | Coldest night (TNn) |
|---|---|
| 1936 | -29.8 C (-21.6 F) |
| 1937 | -29.2 C (-20.6 F) |
| 1938 | -29.3 C (-20.7 F) |
| 1939 | -28.3 C (-18.9 F) |
| 1940 | -35.0 C (-31.0 F) |
| 1941 | -34.0 C (-29.2 F) |
| 1942 | -37.0 C (-34.6 F) |
| 1943 | -31.2 C (-24.2 F) |
| 1944 | -22.2 C (-8.0 F) |
| 1945 | -28.8 C (-19.8 F) |
| 1946 | -29.6 C (-21.3 F) |
| 1947 | -29.6 C (-21.3 F) |
| 1948 | -26.7 C (-16.1 F) |
| 1949 | -31.4 C (-24.5 F) |
| 1950 | -35.3 C (-31.5 F) |
| 1951 | -31.2 C (-24.2 F) |
| 1952 | -23.2 C (-9.8 F) |
| 1953 | -31.9 C (-25.4 F) |
| 1954 | -31.7 C (-25.1 F) |
| 1955 | -28.4 C (-19.1 F) |
| 1956 | -35.0 C (-31.0 F) |
| 1957 | -28.4 C (-19.1 F) |
| 1958 | -31.2 C (-24.2 F) |
| 1959 | -30.7 C (-23.3 F) |
| 1960 | -26.5 C (-15.7 F) |
| 1961 | -27.5 C (-17.5 F) |
| 1962 | -23.4 C (-10.1 F) |
| 1963 | -30.7 C (-23.3 F) |
| 1964 | -28.3 C (-18.9 F) |
| 1965 | -26.4 C (-15.5 F) |
| 1966 | -33.2 C (-27.8 F) |
| 1967 | -31.8 C (-25.2 F) |
| 1968 | -28.0 C (-18.4 F) |
| 1969 | -31.1 C (-24.0 F) |
| 1970 | -30.1 C (-22.2 F) |
| 1971 | -28.2 C (-18.8 F) |
| 1972 | -33.8 C (-28.8 F) |
| 1973 | -36.2 C (-33.2 F) |
| 1974 | -26.5 C (-15.7 F) |
| 1975 | -28.8 C (-19.8 F) |
| 1976 | -38.3 C (-36.9 F) |
| 1977 | -35.9 C (-32.6 F) |
| 1978 | -40.5 C (-40.9 F) |
| 1979 | -39.9 C (-39.8 F) |
| 1980 | -30.2 C (-22.4 F) |
| 1981 | -26.5 C (-15.7 F) |
| 1982 | -28.4 C (-19.1 F) |
| 1983 | -29.3 C (-20.7 F) |
| 1984 | -30.5 C (-22.9 F) |
| 1985 | -33.0 C (-27.4 F) |
| 1986 | -32.9 C (-27.2 F) |
| 1987 | -36.1 C (-33.0 F) |
| 1988 | -26.6 C (-15.9 F) |
| 1989 | -25.7 C (-14.3 F) |
| 1990 | -27.0 C (-16.6 F) |
| 1991 | -27.1 C (-16.8 F) |
| 1992 | -28.9 C (-20.0 F) |
| 1993 | -24.3 C (-11.7 F) |
| 1994 | -33.1 C (-27.6 F) |
| 1995 | -27.1 C (-16.8 F) |
| 1996 | -32.9 C (-27.2 F) |
| 1997 | -30.5 C (-22.9 F) |
| 1998 | -29.7 C (-21.5 F) |
| 1999 | -32.5 C (-26.5 F) |
| 2000 | -23.7 C (-10.7 F) |
| 2001 | -28.5 C (-19.3 F) |
| 2002 | -34.2 C (-29.6 F) |
| 2003 | -31.2 C (-24.2 F) |
| 2004 | -25.1 C (-13.2 F) |
| 2005 | -25.3 C (-13.5 F) |
| 2006 | -35.7 C (-32.3 F) |
| 2007 | -27.6 C (-17.7 F) |
| 2008 | -27.5 C (-17.5 F) |
| 2009 | -31.6 C (-24.9 F) |
| 2010 | -35.0 C (-31.0 F) |
| 2011 | -32.4 C (-26.3 F) |
| 2012 | -32.0 C (-25.6 F) |
| 2013 | -26.4 C (-15.5 F) |
| 2014 | -33.0 C (-27.4 F) |
| 2015 | -30.4 C (-22.7 F) |
| 2016 | -29.7 C (-21.5 F) |
| 2017 | -27.9 C (-18.2 F) |
| 2018 | -23.8 C (-10.8 F) |
| 2019 | -27.1 C (-16.8 F) |
| 2020 | -25.0 C (-13.0 F) |
| 2021 | -30.2 C (-22.4 F) |
| 2022 | -18.2 C (-0.8 F) |
| 2023 | -30.9 C (-23.6 F) |
| 2024 | -26.8 C (-16.2 F) |
| 2025 | -23.3 C (-9.9 F) |
Wettest day (Rx1day)
| Year | Wettest day (Rx1day) |
|---|---|
| 1936 | 39.9 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1937 | 37.3 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1938 | 15.2 mm (0.6 in) |
| 1939 | 29.1 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1940 | 40.3 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1941 | 42.3 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1942 | 48.1 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1943 | 70.5 mm (2.8 in) |
| 1944 | 32.8 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1945 | 32.3 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1946 | 36.1 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1947 | 25.1 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1948 | 100.2 mm (3.9 in) |
| 1949 | 25.8 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1950 | 20.5 mm (0.8 in) |
| 1951 | 34.2 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1952 | 35.7 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1953 | 27.8 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1954 | 42.7 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1955 | 33.3 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1956 | 26.6 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1957 | 20.3 mm (0.8 in) |
| 1958 | 69.4 mm (2.7 in) |
| 1959 | 26.4 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1960 | 18.7 mm (0.7 in) |
| 1961 | 27.4 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1962 | 33.3 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1963 | 49.9 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1964 | 27.5 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1965 | 15.8 mm (0.6 in) |
| 1966 | 26.5 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1967 | 25.6 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1968 | 77.5 mm (3.1 in) |
| 1969 | 41.7 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1970 | 22.2 mm (0.9 in) |
| 1971 | 39.5 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1972 | 14.3 mm (0.6 in) |
| 1973 | 22.1 mm (0.9 in) |
| 1974 | 53.4 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1975 | 16.1 mm (0.6 in) |
| 1976 | 42.3 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1977 | 26.5 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1978 | 36.6 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1979 | 28.5 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1980 | 34.7 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1981 | 26.7 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1982 | 26.2 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1983 | 26.1 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1984 | 21.8 mm (0.9 in) |
| 1985 | 26.4 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1986 | 25.9 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1987 | 31.2 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1988 | 46.0 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1989 | 80.9 mm (3.2 in) |
| 1990 | 29.2 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1991 | 36.4 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1992 | 33.2 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1993 | 42.4 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1994 | 22.3 mm (0.9 in) |
| 1995 | 33.3 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1996 | 24.1 mm (0.9 in) |
| 1997 | 36.8 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1998 | 24.9 mm (1.0 in) |
| 1999 | 36.0 mm (1.4 in) |
| 2000 | 34.2 mm (1.3 in) |
| 2001 | 29.8 mm (1.2 in) |
| 2002 | 33.6 mm (1.3 in) |
| 2003 | 39.0 mm (1.5 in) |
| 2004 | 28.9 mm (1.1 in) |
| 2005 | 26.7 mm (1.1 in) |
| 2006 | 29.3 mm (1.2 in) |
| 2007 | 28.0 mm (1.1 in) |
| 2008 | 48.8 mm (1.9 in) |
| 2009 | 46.9 mm (1.8 in) |
| 2010 | 20.6 mm (0.8 in) |
| 2011 | 31.1 mm (1.2 in) |
| 2012 | 103.2 mm (4.1 in) |
| 2013 | 33.3 mm (1.3 in) |
| 2014 | 34.4 mm (1.4 in) |
| 2015 | 28.4 mm (1.1 in) |
| 2016 | 86.2 mm (3.4 in) |
| 2017 | 31.0 mm (1.2 in) |
| 2018 | 31.1 mm (1.2 in) |
| 2019 | 39.1 mm (1.5 in) |
| 2020 | 54.1 mm (2.1 in) |
| 2021 | 30.0 mm (1.2 in) |
| 2022 | 29.0 mm (1.1 in) |
| 2023 | 40.9 mm (1.6 in) |
| 2024 | 20.1 mm (0.8 in) |
| 2025 | 22.1 mm (0.9 in) |
Wettest five days (Rx5day)
| Year | Wettest five days (Rx5day) |
|---|---|
| 1936 | 71.9 mm (2.8 in) |
| 1937 | 52.6 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1938 | 30.2 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1939 | 35.6 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1940 | 69.5 mm (2.7 in) |
| 1941 | 86.2 mm (3.4 in) |
| 1942 | 75.1 mm (3.0 in) |
| 1943 | 73.8 mm (2.9 in) |
| 1944 | 82.7 mm (3.3 in) |
| 1945 | 55.0 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1946 | 52.9 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1947 | 39.3 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1948 | 114.2 mm (4.5 in) |
| 1949 | 38.7 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1950 | 35.5 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1951 | 66.2 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1952 | 42.6 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1953 | 37.3 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1954 | 51.9 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1955 | 62.3 mm (2.5 in) |
| 1956 | 45.2 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1957 | 39.6 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1958 | 79.5 mm (3.1 in) |
| 1959 | 45.8 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1960 | 26.8 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1961 | 43.8 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1962 | 58.1 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1963 | 64.4 mm (2.5 in) |
| 1964 | 48.5 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1965 | 33.4 mm (1.3 in) |
| 1966 | 58.1 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1967 | 55.5 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1968 | 83.0 mm (3.3 in) |
| 1969 | 65.4 mm (2.6 in) |
| 1970 | 56.0 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1971 | 60.6 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1972 | 38.8 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1973 | 38.4 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1974 | 80.2 mm (3.2 in) |
| 1975 | 28.3 mm (1.1 in) |
| 1976 | 59.1 mm (2.3 in) |
| 1977 | 42.4 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1978 | 60.8 mm (2.4 in) |
| 1979 | 47.1 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1980 | 35.0 mm (1.4 in) |
| 1981 | 41.5 mm (1.6 in) |
| 1982 | 42.4 mm (1.7 in) |
| 1983 | 45.2 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1984 | 38.5 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1985 | 53.4 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1986 | 39.1 mm (1.5 in) |
| 1987 | 47.3 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1988 | 56.2 mm (2.2 in) |
| 1989 | 95.9 mm (3.8 in) |
| 1990 | 49.8 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1991 | 51.1 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1992 | 48.7 mm (1.9 in) |
| 1993 | 71.5 mm (2.8 in) |
| 1994 | 50.7 mm (2.0 in) |
| 1995 | 53.0 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1996 | 31.3 mm (1.2 in) |
| 1997 | 45.6 mm (1.8 in) |
| 1998 | 54.1 mm (2.1 in) |
| 1999 | 78.4 mm (3.1 in) |
| 2000 | 66.7 mm (2.6 in) |
| 2001 | 67.9 mm (2.7 in) |
| 2002 | 65.1 mm (2.6 in) |
| 2003 | 63.0 mm (2.5 in) |
| 2004 | 58.7 mm (2.3 in) |
| 2005 | 40.6 mm (1.6 in) |
| 2006 | 41.1 mm (1.6 in) |
| 2007 | 53.7 mm (2.1 in) |
| 2008 | 56.7 mm (2.2 in) |
| 2009 | 64.1 mm (2.5 in) |
| 2010 | 32.9 mm (1.3 in) |
| 2011 | 45.0 mm (1.8 in) |
| 2012 | 150.2 mm (5.9 in) |
| 2013 | 59.8 mm (2.4 in) |
| 2014 | 35.9 mm (1.4 in) |
| 2015 | 46.3 mm (1.8 in) |
| 2016 | 92.9 mm (3.7 in) |
| 2017 | 44.7 mm (1.8 in) |
| 2018 | 46.6 mm (1.8 in) |
| 2019 | 40.6 mm (1.6 in) |
| 2020 | 73.4 mm (2.9 in) |
| 2021 | 20.8 mm (0.8 in) |
| 2022 | 48.3 mm (1.9 in) |
| 2023 | 60.0 mm (2.4 in) |
| 2024 | 32.2 mm (1.3 in) |
| 2025 | 30.2 mm (1.2 in) |
Longest dry spell (CDD)
| Year | Longest dry spell (CDD) |
|---|---|
| 1936 | 21 days |
| 1937 | 32 days |
| 1938 | 49 days |
| 1939 | 22 days |
| 1940 | 26 days |
| 1941 | 13 days |
| 1942 | 21 days |
| 1943 | 27 days |
| 1944 | 25 days |
| 1945 | 17 days |
| 1946 | 28 days |
| 1947 | 18 days |
| 1948 | 18 days |
| 1949 | 23 days |
| 1950 | 41 days |
| 1951 | 22 days |
| 1952 | 24 days |
| 1953 | 20 days |
| 1954 | 28 days |
| 1955 | 17 days |
| 1956 | 25 days |
| 1957 | 36 days |
| 1958 | 18 days |
| 1959 | 27 days |
| 1960 | 20 days |
| 1961 | 23 days |
| 1962 | 27 days |
| 1963 | 31 days |
| 1964 | 17 days |
| 1965 | 24 days |
| 1966 | 20 days |
| 1967 | 18 days |
| 1968 | 19 days |
| 1969 | 30 days |
| 1970 | 13 days |
| 1971 | 19 days |
| 1972 | 47 days |
| 1973 | 26 days |
| 1974 | 56 days |
| 1975 | 18 days |
| 1976 | 17 days |
| 1977 | 19 days |
| 1978 | 25 days |
| 1979 | 20 days |
| 1980 | 21 days |
| 1981 | 22 days |
| 1982 | 22 days |
| 1983 | 16 days |
| 1984 | 57 days |
| 1985 | 22 days |
| 1986 | 30 days |
| 1987 | 38 days |
| 1988 | 32 days |
| 1989 | 21 days |
| 1990 | 15 days |
| 1991 | 20 days |
| 1992 | 18 days |
| 1993 | 26 days |
| 1994 | 23 days |
| 1995 | 24 days |
| 1996 | 38 days |
| 1997 | 19 days |
| 1998 | 22 days |
| 1999 | 21 days |
| 2000 | 21 days |
| 2001 | 19 days |
| 2002 | 33 days |
| 2003 | 29 days |
| 2004 | 13 days |
| 2005 | 32 days |
| 2006 | 19 days |
| 2007 | 22 days |
| 2008 | 19 days |
| 2009 | 23 days |
| 2010 | 25 days |
| 2011 | 17 days |
| 2012 | 18 days |
| 2013 | 26 days |
| 2014 | 33 days |
| 2015 | 33 days |
| 2016 | 21 days |
| 2017 | 27 days |
| 2018 | 32 days |
| 2019 | 25 days |
| 2020 | 25 days |
| 2021 | 23 days |
| 2022 | 16 days |
| 2023 | 23 days |
| 2024 | 26 days |
| 2025 | 13 days |
Each chart shows one value per year; the dot marks the record year. TXx is the hottest daily maximum, TNn the coldest daily minimum, Rx1day and Rx5day the largest one-day and five-day rain totals, and CDD the longest run of days with less than 1 mm of rain. A year with missing days can understate an extreme.
Frost Dates and Growing Season
81 years with a frostAcross 81 years with a frost, the median last spring frost at Penza falls on 28 April and the median first autumn frost on 3 October, which leaves a median of 160 days between them.
In 1989 to 2018 the median growing season was 158 days. That is 11 days fewer than in 1936 to 1965.
Fitted over all years, the growing season changes by -2.1 days per decade at this station.
| Measure | Median, all years | Earliest period (1936 to 1965) | Recent period (1989 to 2018) | Recent against earliest | Fitted trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last spring frost | 28 April | 23 April | 1 May | 8 days later | +1.7 days per decade |
| First autumn frost | 3 October | 8 October | 2 October | 6 days earlier | -0.5 days per decade |
| Growing days | 160 days | 169 days | 158 days | 11 days fewer | -2.1 days per decade |
A frost day is a day with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F). The last spring frost and the first autumn frost are the last and first such days of the cold season, and growing days are the days between them. A negative trend for the last spring frost means it comes earlier.
Rainfall Return Levels
85 years, 1936 to 2024A day with at least 31.0 mm (1.2 in) of rain is expected about once in 2 years. A day with at least 104.6 mm (4.1 in) of rain is expected about once in 100 years.
| Expected about once in | A day with at least | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 2 years | 31.0 mm (1.2 in) | |
| 5 years | 43.5 mm (1.7 in) | |
| 10 years | 54.1 mm (2.1 in) | |
| 25 years | 70.9 mm (2.8 in) | |
| 50 years | 86.2 mm (3.4 in) | |
| 100 years | 104.6 mm (4.1 in) | Longer than the 85 years of record |
The levels come from a generalised extreme value (GEV) distribution fitted by L-moments to the wettest-day total of each year, 85 years of values from 1936 to 2024.
A return level is an estimate. It is least reliable for the long periods, 50 and 100 years, and for any period longer than the record behind the fit, where the fit has to reach past the largest day actually observed. It is not a forecast.
The largest wettest-day totals in the fit: 103.2 mm (4.1 in) in 2012; 100.2 mm (3.9 in) in 1948; 86.2 mm (3.4 in) in 2016.
Station Changes
3 suspected3 changes were suspected in the annual mean temperature of Penza, at 1960, 1970 and 1980. Each is measured against neighbouring stations.
- Relative to 5 neighbouring stations, the station's annual mean temperature from 1960 ran 0.2 C (0.4 F) higher than in the years before (possible change).
- Relative to 5 neighbouring stations, the station's annual mean temperature from 1970 ran 0.4 C (0.7 F) lower than in the years before (likely change).
- Relative to 5 neighbouring stations, the station's annual mean temperature from 1980 ran 0.4 C (0.6 F) higher than in the years before (likely change).
| Year | Shift (C) | Shift (F) | Strength | Neighbours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | +0.2 | +0.4 | possible | 5 |
| 1970 | -0.4 | -0.7 | likely | 5 |
| 1980 | +0.4 | +0.6 | likely | 5 |
Possible change at the station (a move, a new instrument or a new site); the record is kept as measured. A "likely" change has a larger test statistic than a "possible" one. Neither says why the station differs from its neighbours. How changes are found, and the largest ones.
Climate Twins
2004 to 2018 against 1961 to 1990Over 2004 to 2018, Penza had a mean temperature of 6.5 C (43.7 F) and 553.6 mm (21.8 in) of rain a year. The 3 stations whose 1961 to 1990 climate was closest to that are Kamennaja-Step (Russia, 375 km away), Urjupinsk (Russia, 332 km away) and Kalac (Russia, 406 km away).
| Twin station | Country | Distance away | Mean temperature, 1961-1990 | Rain a year, 1961-1990 | Climate difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kamennaja-Step | Russia | 375 km (233 mi) | 6.3 C (43.3 F) | 499.3 mm (19.7 in) | 0.57 |
| Urjupinsk | Russia | 332 km (206 mi) | 6.5 C (43.7 F) | 448.9 mm (17.7 in) | 0.60 |
| Kalac | Russia | 406 km (252 mi) | 6.6 C (43.9 F) | 477.6 mm (18.8 in) | 0.71 |
Twins are stations, not cities. A twin is one of the three stations at least 100 km away whose earlier climate is closest to this station's recent one, so a close match does not mean the two places look alike in other ways. A station move or a gap in a record can change that station's averages. The list describes past climate; it is not a forecast and does not say what caused any change. How twins are found, and a search for any station.
Download the Data
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-17 (17 October 2026). Records are computed by this site and are not official.
Data as of . Last revised (2025-12-31).