February 2025: Weather Records and Temperatures Against Normal
February 2025 is settled: the figures use data received up to 9 November 2026, more than 45 days after the month ended, so the late station reports are in. This page compares February 2025 at weather stations worldwide with each station's own 1991 to 2020 February normal, ranks it against February of every year since 1951, and lists the weather records, events and storms of the month.
Data as of . Last revised (2026-11-09).
Key Facts
- February 2025 is settled; its data run to 9 November 2026.
- In February 2025, stations worldwide averaged +0.5 C (+1.0 F) against their 1991 to 2020 February normals, the 9th warmest February in 75 ranked years from 1951 to 2025.
- The mean daily maximum in February 2025 was +0.3 C (+0.6 F) against normal and the mean daily minimum +0.7 C (+1.3 F).
- Among the continents in February 2025, Europe was the warmest against normal, at +1.0 C (+1.9 F), and Asia the coolest, at +0.1 C (+0.1 F).
- The station furthest above its February normal in February 2025 was Nikkaluokta_A (Sweden), at +9.0 C (+16.3 F); the furthest below was Huntley Exp STN (United States), at -10.5 C (-18.9 F).
- Of the 6,964 stations with a full month of rain data in February 2025, 42% had less than half their normal February rain and 4% had at least twice their normal; the median station had 61% of its normal.
- 28,935 weather records were set or tied in February 2025, including 13,195 record highs and 9,900 record lows of maximum and minimum temperature, and 90 all-time records.
- In February 2025, 55% of the daily temperature records were record highs (1.2 to 1 highs to lows), against an average of 66% for February in 2015 to 2024.
- 21 extreme weather events detected by this site overlapped February 2025.
- 11 named storms had a best track position in February 2025; 8 peaked at 64 kt (119 km/h, 74 mph) or more and 5 at 96 kt (178 km/h, 110 mph) or more over their lifetime.
- The Oceanic Nino Index for JFM 2025, the three months centred on February 2025, was -0.22: neutral, outside any El Nino or La Nina episode. NOAA's relative index (RONI) for the same season was -0.85.
- Monthly mean extent in February 2025: Arctic sea ice 13.75 million sq km (5.31 million sq mi), the lowest of 47 years for February; Antarctic sea ice 2.22 million sq km (0.86 million sq mi), the 4th lowest of 47 years for February.
- Carbon dioxide at Mauna Loa averaged 427.09 ppm in February 2025, 2.54 ppm more than in February 2024.
Temperature Against Normal
February 2025, against 1991 to 2020| Band | Stations on the map |
|---|---|
| More than 3 C (5.4 F) below normal | 136 |
| 1 to 3 C (1.8 to 5.4 F) below normal | 312 |
| Within 1 C (1.8 F) of normal | 888 |
| 1 to 3 C (1.8 to 5.4 F) above normal | 536 |
| More than 3 C (5.4 F) above normal | 169 |
| Area | Stations | Daily maximum vs normal | Daily minimum vs normal | Mean vs normal | Rank for February (1 is warmest) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| World | 6,029 | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) | +0.5 C (+1.0 F) | 9th of 75 |
| Africa | 25 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Asia | 253 | -0.6 C (-1.1 F) | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) | +0.1 C (+0.1 F) | 21st of 72 |
| Europe | 1,077 | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) | +1.1 C (+1.9 F) | +1.0 C (+1.9 F) | 13th of 74 |
| North America | 4,286 | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) | +0.5 C (+0.8 F) | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) | 17th of 75 |
| Oceania | 387 | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) | 5th of 75 |
| South America | 1 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Stations are averaged in 5 degree grid cells and the cells are weighted by the cosine of their latitude. A value and a rank need cells holding at least 50% of the weight of every cell that has ever had data for February; n/a means fewer stations have reported so far. The world includes Antarctica and islands without a continent row.
| Year | Mean against the 1991 to 2020 normal |
|---|---|
| 1951 | -2.3 C (-4.2 F) |
| 1952 | -1.1 C (-2.1 F) |
| 1953 | -1.3 C (-2.3 F) |
| 1954 | -1.7 C (-3.1 F) |
| 1955 | -1.4 C (-2.6 F) |
| 1956 | -2.4 C (-4.4 F) |
| 1957 | -1.0 C (-1.9 F) |
| 1958 | -0.8 C (-1.5 F) |
| 1959 | -0.6 C (-1.1 F) |
| 1960 | -0.9 C (-1.6 F) |
| 1961 | -0.1 C (-0.1 F) |
| 1962 | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| 1963 | -0.6 C (-1.0 F) |
| 1964 | -2.1 C (-3.9 F) |
| 1965 | -1.6 C (-3.0 F) |
| 1966 | -1.7 C (-3.0 F) |
| 1967 | -1.5 C (-2.8 F) |
| 1968 | -1.3 C (-2.3 F) |
| 1969 | -3.2 C (-5.7 F) |
| 1970 | -0.9 C (-1.6 F) |
| 1971 | -1.8 C (-3.2 F) |
| 1972 | -1.5 C (-2.7 F) |
| 1973 | -0.3 C (-0.6 F) |
| 1974 | -1.7 C (-3.1 F) |
| 1975 | -0.8 C (-1.5 F) |
| 1976 | -1.2 C (-2.1 F) |
| 1977 | -1.3 C (-2.3 F) |
| 1978 | -1.7 C (-3.1 F) |
| 1979 | -1.3 C (-2.3 F) |
| 1980 | -0.9 C (-1.7 F) |
| 1981 | -0.3 C (-0.5 F) |
| 1982 | -0.6 C (-1.0 F) |
| 1983 | -0.5 C (-0.8 F) |
| 1984 | -1.4 C (-2.5 F) |
| 1985 | -1.8 C (-3.2 F) |
| 1986 | -0.9 C (-1.7 F) |
| 1987 | -0.4 C (-0.7 F) |
| 1988 | -0.9 C (-1.6 F) |
| 1989 | +0.0 C (+0.1 F) |
| 1990 | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| 1991 | -0.4 C (-0.7 F) |
| 1992 | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| 1993 | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| 1994 | -1.1 C (-2.0 F) |
| 1995 | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| 1996 | -0.7 C (-1.2 F) |
| 1997 | +0.0 C (+0.0 F) |
| 1998 | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| 1999 | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| 2000 | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| 2001 | -0.5 C (-0.9 F) |
| 2002 | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| 2003 | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| 2004 | +0.1 C (+0.2 F) |
| 2005 | -0.7 C (-1.2 F) |
| 2006 | -0.2 C (-0.3 F) |
| 2007 | +0.1 C (+0.1 F) |
| 2008 | -0.3 C (-0.6 F) |
| 2009 | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| 2010 | -0.8 C (-1.5 F) |
| 2011 | -0.7 C (-1.3 F) |
| 2012 | -0.9 C (-1.6 F) |
| 2013 | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| 2014 | -0.4 C (-0.6 F) |
| 2015 | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| 2016 | +1.6 C (+2.9 F) |
| 2017 | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| 2018 | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| 2019 | +0.5 C (+1.0 F) |
| 2020 | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| 2021 | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| 2022 | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| 2023 | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| 2024 | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| 2025 | +0.5 C (+1.0 F) |
Furthest Above Normal
| Station | Country | Mean maximum | Maximum vs normal | Mean minimum | Minimum vs normal | Mean vs normal | Years of normal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nikkaluokta_A | Sweden | 0.0 C (32.1 F) | +7.5 C (+13.4 F) | -9.5 C (14.8 F) | +10.6 C (+19.1 F) | +9.0 C (+16.3 F) | 30 |
| Ny-Alesund | Norway | -1.0 C (30.2 F) | +6.8 C (+12.3 F) | -5.7 C (21.8 F) | +9.3 C (+16.7 F) | +8.1 C (+14.5 F) | 30 |
| Inari Vayla | Finland | -2.0 C (28.3 F) | +6.1 C (+10.9 F) | -10.0 C (14.0 F) | +8.8 C (+15.8 F) | +7.4 C (+13.4 F) | 27 |
| Cuovddatmohkki | Norway | -2.2 C (28.0 F) | +6.1 C (+10.9 F) | -11.5 C (11.2 F) | +8.4 C (+15.1 F) | +7.2 C (+13.0 F) | 29 |
| Naimakka | Sweden | -1.6 C (29.1 F) | +6.4 C (+11.5 F) | -11.5 C (11.3 F) | +7.9 C (+14.3 F) | +7.2 C (+12.9 F) | 30 |
| Rensjon_A | Sweden | -1.3 C (29.6 F) | +6.0 C (+10.8 F) | -10.4 C (13.3 F) | +7.9 C (+14.3 F) | +7.0 C (+12.5 F) | 25 |
| Inari Nellim | Finland | -1.9 C (28.5 F) | +5.6 C (+10.0 F) | -8.7 C (16.3 F) | +8.3 C (+15.0 F) | +6.9 C (+12.5 F) | 27 |
| Saittarova_A | Sweden | -0.9 C (30.4 F) | +6.0 C (+10.9 F) | -7.1 C (19.3 F) | +7.8 C (+14.0 F) | +6.9 C (+12.5 F) | 25 |
| Sihccajavri | Norway | -3.1 C (26.4 F) | +5.8 C (+10.5 F) | -11.0 C (12.1 F) | +7.9 C (+14.2 F) | +6.9 C (+12.3 F) | 30 |
| Utsjoki Kevo | Finland | -1.8 C (28.7 F) | +6.2 C (+11.1 F) | -10.2 C (13.7 F) | +7.4 C (+13.2 F) | +6.8 C (+12.2 F) | 30 |
Furthest Below Normal
| Station | Country | Mean maximum | Maximum vs normal | Mean minimum | Minimum vs normal | Mean vs normal | Years of normal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Huntley Exp STN | United States | -5.9 C (21.5 F) | -10.7 C (-19.3 F) | -20.3 C (-4.5 F) | -10.3 C (-18.5 F) | -10.5 C (-18.9 F) | 27 |
| Chester | United States | -9.4 C (15.1 F) | -10.7 C (-19.3 F) | -21.9 C (-7.5 F) | -8.5 C (-15.3 F) | -9.6 C (-17.3 F) | 28 |
| Ingomar 9 E | United States | -7.1 C (19.3 F) | -9.9 C (-17.8 F) | -20.5 C (-4.9 F) | -8.9 C (-16.0 F) | -9.4 C (-16.9 F) | 28 |
| Ft Benton | United States | -5.8 C (21.6 F) | -9.6 C (-17.4 F) | -18.5 C (-1.3 F) | -8.3 C (-15.0 F) | -9.0 C (-16.2 F) | 30 |
| Medora | United States | -7.7 C (18.1 F) | -8.2 C (-14.8 F) | -22.6 C (-8.6 F) | -9.7 C (-17.5 F) | -9.0 C (-16.2 F) | 25 |
| Valentine | United States | -7.3 C (18.8 F) | -9.7 C (-17.4 F) | -20.2 C (-4.4 F) | -8.2 C (-14.8 F) | -8.9 C (-16.1 F) | 30 |
| Billings Wtp | United States | -2.9 C (26.7 F) | -9.4 C (-16.9 F) | -15.8 C (3.5 F) | -8.3 C (-14.9 F) | -8.8 C (-15.9 F) | 30 |
| Hardin | United States | -3.6 C (25.5 F) | -8.7 C (-15.7 F) | -18.1 C (-0.6 F) | -8.9 C (-16.0 F) | -8.8 C (-15.9 F) | 29 |
| Joplin | United States | -8.9 C (15.9 F) | -9.9 C (-17.8 F) | -19.4 C (-3.0 F) | -7.7 C (-13.8 F) | -8.8 C (-15.8 F) | 30 |
| Saco 1 NNW | United States | -9.5 C (14.8 F) | -9.1 C (-16.4 F) | -23.1 C (-9.7 F) | -8.4 C (-15.0 F) | -8.7 C (-15.7 F) | 28 |
The lists use stations with at least 25 years behind their normal. One station does not stand for the area around it.
Countries
| Country | Stations | Mean vs normal |
|---|---|---|
| Finland | 121 | +2.9 C (+5.1 F) |
| Norway | 69 | +2.7 C (+4.9 F) |
| Sweden | 176 | +2.5 C (+4.4 F) |
| Kazakhstan | 10 | +1.9 C (+3.3 F) |
| Switzerland | 8 | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| India | 18 | +1.4 C (+2.6 F) |
| Russia | 93 | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| France | 40 | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Estonia | 17 | +1.0 C (+1.9 F) |
| Spain | 86 | +1.0 C (+1.9 F) |
| Mongolia | 10 | +1.0 C (+1.9 F) |
| Australia | 379 | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) |
| Mexico | 9 | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Puerto Rico [United States] | 13 | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Austria | 5 | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Niger | 8 | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| United Kingdom | 52 | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Thailand | 21 | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| United States | 4,255 | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Germany | 320 | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| Benin | 5 | +0.1 C (+0.2 F) |
| Netherlands | 31 | +0.1 C (+0.1 F) |
| China | 169 | -0.4 C (-0.8 F) |
| Turkey | 5 | -1.2 C (-2.2 F) |
| Ukraine | 6 | -1.7 C (-3.0 F) |
| Romania | 20 | -2.2 C (-4.0 F) |
Rain Against Normal
6,964 stations, February 2025| Band | Stations on the map |
|---|---|
| Under 50% of normal | 700 |
| 50 to 90% of normal | 458 |
| 90 to 110% of normal | 166 |
| 110 to 200% of normal | 318 |
| 200% or more of normal | 80 |
| Under 50% | |
|---|---|
| 50 to 90% | |
| 90 to 110% | |
| 110 to 200% | |
| 200% or more |
Of the 6,964 stations with a full month of rain data in February 2025, 42% had less than half their normal February rain and 4% had at least twice their normal; the median station had 61% of its normal. A station month needs 28 days of rain data, because a total from fewer days is too low, and a normal of at least 10 mm.
Wettest Against Normal
| Station | Country | Rain | Normal | Percent of normal | Years of normal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rome 2 NW | United States | 79.0 mm (3.1 in) | 14.2 mm (0.6 in) | 555% | 28 |
| Swan Falls Ph | United States | 68.4 mm (2.7 in) | 14.4 mm (0.6 in) | 475% | 26 |
| Ft Bidwell | United States | 222.9 mm (8.8 in) | 49.6 mm (2.0 in) | 450% | 26 |
| Cody | United States | 53.6 mm (2.1 in) | 12.0 mm (0.5 in) | 447% | 29 |
| Mutarnee Store | Australia | 2,288.2 mm (90.1 in) | 515.5 mm (20.3 in) | 444% | 26 |
| Bambaroo | Australia | 1,874.0 mm (73.8 in) | 463.9 mm (18.3 in) | 404% | 26 |
| Yabulu Qld Nickel | Australia | 1,568.0 mm (61.7 in) | 408.2 mm (16.1 in) | 384% | 25 |
| Hillgrove Station | Australia | 562.8 mm (22.2 in) | 148.1 mm (5.8 in) | 380% | 29 |
| Fish Creek | United States | 436.6 mm (17.2 in) | 115.2 mm (4.5 in) | 379% | 29 |
| Boise 7 N | United States | 151.3 mm (6.0 in) | 40.0 mm (1.6 in) | 379% | 28 |
Driest Against Normal
| Station | Country | Rain | Normal | Percent of normal | Years of normal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albemarle | United States | 0.0 mm (0.00 in) | 76.5 mm (3.0 in) | 0% | 28 |
| Ammaroo | Australia | 0.0 mm (0.00 in) | 76.2 mm (3.0 in) | 0% | 29 |
| Mendooran Post Office | Australia | 0.0 mm (0.00 in) | 53.0 mm (2.1 in) | 0% | 25 |
| Coronado Nmem | United States | 0.0 mm (0.00 in) | 44.3 mm (1.7 in) | 0% | 26 |
| Marlow 1 WSW | United States | 0.0 mm (0.00 in) | 43.2 mm (1.7 in) | 0% | 29 |
| Hillston ( Aldinga) | Australia | 0.0 mm (0.00 in) | 42.3 mm (1.7 in) | 0% | 30 |
| Tieyon | Australia | 0.0 mm (0.00 in) | 41.2 mm (1.6 in) | 0% | 25 |
| Jerilderie Treatment Works | Australia | 0.0 mm (0.00 in) | 36.0 mm (1.4 in) | 0% | 26 |
| Thundelarra | Australia | 0.0 mm (0.00 in) | 35.9 mm (1.4 in) | 0% | 28 |
| Sasabe 7 NW | United States | 0.0 mm (0.00 in) | 35.5 mm (1.4 in) | 0% | 26 |
Weather Records
28,935 set or tied in February 202528,935 weather records were set or tied in February 2025, including 13,195 record highs and 9,900 record lows of maximum and minimum temperature, and 90 all-time records.
| Record high minimum temperature | |
|---|---|
| Record high maximum temperature | |
| Record low maximum temperature | |
| Record low minimum temperature | |
| Record daily precipitation | |
| Record daily snowfall | |
| Record snow depth |
| Daily | |
|---|---|
| Monthly | |
| All-time |
February Against the Ten Years Before
| Year | Record highs, percent of highs and lows |
|---|---|
| 2015 | 52.0% |
| 2016 | 89.3% |
| 2017 | 92.3% |
| 2018 | 56.9% |
| 2019 | 56.2% |
| 2020 | 80.3% |
| 2021 | 32.6% |
| 2022 | 46.3% |
| 2023 | 56.6% |
| 2024 | 92.3% |
| 2025 | 55.4% |
In February 2025, 55% of the daily temperature records were record highs (1.2 to 1 highs to lows), against an average of 66% for February in 2015 to 2024.
The Top 10 Records of February 2025
| Date | Station | Country | Record | Value | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-02-21 | Pendleton Branch Exp STN | United States | Monthly precipitation | 43.7 mm (1.7 in) | 85 of 100 (Exceptional) |
| 2025-02-24 | A Coruna | Spain | Monthly precipitation | 68.2 mm (2.7 in) | 82 of 100 (Exceptional) |
| 2025-02-02 | Ft Bidwell | United States | Daily precipitation | 69.6 mm (2.7 in) | 80 of 100 (Exceptional) |
| 2025-02-03 | Cedarville | United States | Daily precipitation | 52.3 mm (2.1 in) | 80 of 100 (Exceptional) |
| 2025-02-05 | Joseph | United States | Daily precipitation | 29.7 mm (1.2 in) | 80 of 100 (Exceptional) |
| 2025-02-16 | Celina | United States | Daily precipitation | 86.4 mm (3.4 in) | 80 of 100 (Exceptional) |
| 2025-02-18 | Newcastle | United States | Daily snowfall | 23.6 cm (9.3 in) | 80 of 100 (Exceptional) |
| 2025-02-11 | Novy-Port | Russia | Monthly precipitation | 31.4 mm (1.2 in) | 77 of 100 (Major) |
| 2025-02-03 | Ft Bidwell | United States | Daily precipitation | 40.6 mm (1.6 in) | 76 of 100 (Major) |
| 2025-02-18 | Billings Wtp | United States | Daily precipitation | 15.5 mm (0.6 in) | 76 of 100 (Major) |
Countries With the Most Records
| Country | Records | Highs | Lows |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 22,341 | 8,930 | 8,946 |
| Australia | 1,578 | 629 | 360 |
| Russia | 776 | 502 | 38 |
| Norway | 348 | 298 | 1 |
| India | 322 | 312 | 8 |
| China | 246 | 151 | 65 |
| Argentina | 242 | 229 | 12 |
| Mexico | 234 | 207 | 22 |
| Indonesia | 221 | 177 | 44 |
| Japan | 188 | 72 | 70 |
| Finland | 182 | 160 | 1 |
| Germany | 173 | 70 | 49 |
| Sweden | 138 | 110 | 0 |
| United Kingdom | 112 | 95 | 0 |
| Thailand | 112 | 60 | 27 |
Events and Storms
11 named storms had a best track position in February 2025; 8 peaked at 64 kt (119 km/h, 74 mph) or more and 5 at 96 kt (178 km/h, 110 mph) or more over their lifetime.
| Storm | Basin | Lifetime peak wind | Category at peak |
|---|---|---|---|
| Seru | South Pacific | 62 kt (115 km/h, 71 mph) | Tropical storm |
| Garance | South-West Indian | 105 kt (194 km/h, 121 mph) | Category 3 |
| Rae | South Pacific | 87 kt (161 km/h, 100 mph) | Category 2 |
| Honde | South-West Indian | 70 kt (130 km/h, 81 mph) | Category 1 |
| Alfred | South Pacific | 112 kt (207 km/h, 129 mph) | Category 3 |
| Bianca | South-West Indian | 99 kt (183 km/h, 114 mph) | Category 3 |
| Zelia | South-West Indian | 126 kt (233 km/h, 145 mph) | Category 4 |
| Taliah | South-West Indian | 84 kt (156 km/h, 97 mph) | Category 2 |
| Vince | South-West Indian | 134 kt (248 km/h, 154 mph) | Category 4 |
| Elvis | South-West Indian | 50 kt (93 km/h, 58 mph) | Tropical storm |
| Faida | South-West Indian | 45 kt (83 km/h, 52 mph) | Tropical storm |
February 2025 in Context
These values come from other sources and the site's own analysis pages. They are context for February 2025; this page does not say that any of them caused the temperatures or records above.
How These Numbers Are Made
Each station's mean daily maximum and minimum temperature for February 2025 is compared with its own mean for February in 1991 to 2020, from months with at least 20 days of both. A station needs 20 such years for a normal. The mean is the average of the two differences. A station month more than 15 C (27 F) from its normal in either element is treated as a data error and left out.
For the world and each continent, stations are averaged within 5 degree grid cells and the cells are averaged weighted by the cosine of their latitude, so dense networks do not outweigh sparse ones. A continent uses the stations of its own countries. A year gets a value and a rank only when its cells hold at least 50% of the weight of all the cells that have ever had data for February, the rule of the climate pages. This is a station based view: places without stations are not covered, and it is not a gridded temperature analysis.
Records are the site's public ledger: one record per observation, set or tied, at its broadest timescale. The ten year comparison uses daily temperature records only, ties excluded. The numbers and sentences on this page are generated by code from the station data; none of them is typed in by hand.
Download the Data
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Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Source: International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) v04r01, NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, doi:10.25921/82ty-9e16. Some agency values come from third parties such as JMA, IMD and BoM. (NOAA NCEI terms (citation requested)) Source: NOAA Climate Prediction Center, Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) and Relative Oceanic Nino Index (RONI). Episodes and strength classes are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not NOAA products. (US Government work, public domain (NWS disclaimer)) Source: Fetterer, F., Knowles, K., Meier, W. N., Savoie, M., Windnagel, A. K. and Stafford, T. (2025). Sea Ice Index, Version 4 (G02135). Boulder, Colorado USA. National Snow and Ice Data Center. doi:10.7265/a98x-0f50. Yearly extremes, ranks, trends and the climatology are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor from the daily extent files and are not NSIDC products. (NSIDC data use and citation policy (public domain government funded data, citation required)) Source: NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, Earth System Research Laboratories (gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends). Mauna Loa CO2 data are from NOAA and Scripps (before 1974 the monthly values come from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography). The global means of CO2, methane and nitrous oxide are from the NOAA GML cooperative air sampling network (methane and nitrous oxide: Lan, Thoning and Dlugokencky, doi:10.15138/P8XG-AA10). (US Government open data (NOAA GML, citation requested)) Data as of 2026-11-09. Temperatures against normal, ranks and records are computed by this site from station data and are not official.