Climate Trends in North America
Long-record stations in North America warmed +0.16 C per decade from 1951 to 2025 (2,498 stations).
Data as of . Last revised (2026-10-17).
Key Facts
- From 1951 to 2025, long-record stations in North America warmed by +0.16 C per decade (+0.29 F) (95 percent interval +0.11 to +0.22 C), from 2,498 stations measured against each station's own 1961-1990 mean.
- The latest year in the series for North America, 2025, was +1.22 C against the 1961-1990 mean.
- In North America the daily minimum rose faster than the daily maximum, by 0.09 C per decade (the two intervals overlap).
- Of 4,497 stations in North America with at least 50 complete years of record, 381 had 2024 as their warmest year.
- In North America, the mean annual temperature of 2,146 stations changed by +0.96 C between the 1961-1990 and 2011-2025 periods.
Warming
North America, against 1961-1990| Year | Difference from the 1961-1990 mean |
|---|---|
| 1951 | -0.25 C |
| 1952 | +0.18 C |
| 1953 | +0.70 C |
| 1954 | +0.44 C |
| 1955 | -0.25 C |
| 1956 | -0.19 C |
| 1957 | +0.31 C |
| 1958 | +0.12 C |
| 1959 | +0.10 C |
| 1960 | -0.04 C |
| 1961 | -0.09 C |
| 1962 | +0.03 C |
| 1963 | +0.17 C |
| 1964 | -0.22 C |
| 1965 | -0.17 C |
| 1966 | -0.30 C |
| 1967 | -0.01 C |
| 1968 | -0.27 C |
| 1969 | -0.08 C |
| 1970 | -0.17 C |
| 1971 | -0.40 C |
| 1972 | -0.45 C |
| 1973 | +0.09 C |
| 1974 | -0.03 C |
| 1975 | -0.37 C |
| 1976 | -0.33 C |
| 1977 | +0.33 C |
| 1978 | -0.12 C |
| 1979 | -0.18 C |
| 1980 | +0.22 C |
| 1981 | +0.66 C |
| 1982 | -0.24 C |
| 1983 | +0.10 C |
| 1984 | +0.02 C |
| 1985 | -0.20 C |
| 1986 | +0.57 C |
| 1987 | +0.61 C |
| 1988 | +0.29 C |
| 1989 | -0.11 C |
| 1990 | +0.63 C |
| 1991 | +0.56 C |
| 1992 | +0.08 C |
| 1993 | -0.02 C |
| 1994 | +0.33 C |
| 1995 | +0.40 C |
| 1996 | -0.07 C |
| 1997 | +0.22 C |
| 1998 | +1.03 C |
| 1999 | +0.49 C |
| 2000 | +0.52 C |
| 2001 | +0.64 C |
| 2002 | +0.64 C |
| 2003 | +0.64 C |
| 2004 | +0.58 C |
| 2005 | +0.81 C |
| 2006 | +0.86 C |
| 2007 | +0.67 C |
| 2008 | -0.05 C |
| 2009 | +0.08 C |
| 2010 | +0.45 C |
| 2011 | +0.45 C |
| 2012 | +1.01 C |
| 2013 | +0.19 C |
| 2014 | +0.50 C |
| 2015 | +1.21 C |
| 2016 | +1.63 C |
| 2017 | +1.15 C |
| 2018 | +0.91 C |
| 2019 | +0.68 C |
| 2020 | +1.10 C |
| 2021 | +1.03 C |
| 2022 | +0.72 C |
| 2023 | +1.19 C |
| 2024 | +1.65 C |
| 2025 | +1.22 C |
From 1951 to 2025, the long-record stations in North America warmed by +0.16 C per decade (+0.29 F) (95 percent interval +0.11 to +0.22 C), from 2,498 stations in 72 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees, each measured against its own 1961-1990 mean.
The latest year in the series, 2025, was +1.2 C (+2.2 F) against the 1961-1990 mean.
The five warmest years in the series are 2024 (+1.65 C), 2016 (+1.63 C), 2025 (+1.22 C), 2015 (+1.21 C) and 2023 (+1.19 C).
Trend
| Measure | Trend per decade (C) | 95% interval (C) | Years | Stations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annual mean temperature | +0.16 | +0.11 to +0.22 | 1951 to 2025 | 2,498 |
Warmest and coolest years in the series
| Rank | Warmest year | Difference from mean | Coolest year | Difference from mean |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2024 | +1.65 C | 1972 | -0.45 C |
| 2 | 2016 | +1.63 C | 1971 | -0.40 C |
| 3 | 2025 | +1.22 C | 1975 | -0.37 C |
| 4 | 2015 | +1.21 C | 1976 | -0.33 C |
| 5 | 2023 | +1.19 C | 1966 | -0.30 C |
2,498 stations in 72 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees. Each station is compared with its own 1961-1990 mean, so stations at different heights and latitudes can be averaged. Stations are averaged within each grid cell and cells are weighted by the cosine of latitude.
Warmest Years
North America, 4,497 stations| Year | Stations with this as their warmest year |
|---|---|
| 1870 | 0 |
| 1871 | 0 |
| 1872 | 0 |
| 1873 | 0 |
| 1874 | 0 |
| 1875 | 0 |
| 1876 | 0 |
| 1877 | 0 |
| 1878 | 3 |
| 1879 | 1 |
| 1880 | 0 |
| 1881 | 0 |
| 1882 | 0 |
| 1883 | 0 |
| 1884 | 0 |
| 1885 | 0 |
| 1886 | 0 |
| 1887 | 0 |
| 1888 | 0 |
| 1889 | 3 |
| 1890 | 0 |
| 1891 | 1 |
| 1892 | 0 |
| 1893 | 0 |
| 1894 | 2 |
| 1895 | 0 |
| 1896 | 8 |
| 1897 | 1 |
| 1898 | 4 |
| 1899 | 0 |
| 1900 | 4 |
| 1901 | 3 |
| 1902 | 1 |
| 1903 | 0 |
| 1904 | 0 |
| 1905 | 1 |
| 1906 | 1 |
| 1907 | 1 |
| 1908 | 1 |
| 1909 | 0 |
| 1910 | 12 |
| 1911 | 29 |
| 1912 | 0 |
| 1913 | 7 |
| 1914 | 2 |
| 1915 | 4 |
| 1916 | 2 |
| 1917 | 2 |
| 1918 | 2 |
| 1919 | 2 |
| 1920 | 1 |
| 1921 | 295 |
| 1922 | 9 |
| 1923 | 0 |
| 1924 | 1 |
| 1925 | 9 |
| 1926 | 22 |
| 1927 | 50 |
| 1928 | 7 |
| 1929 | 1 |
| 1930 | 6 |
| 1931 | 352 |
| 1932 | 4 |
| 1933 | 70 |
| 1934 | 317 |
| 1935 | 1 |
| 1936 | 4 |
| 1937 | 2 |
| 1938 | 44 |
| 1939 | 26 |
| 1940 | 17 |
| 1941 | 27 |
| 1942 | 3 |
| 1943 | 10 |
| 1944 | 1 |
| 1945 | 7 |
| 1946 | 42 |
| 1947 | 2 |
| 1948 | 14 |
| 1949 | 86 |
| 1950 | 15 |
| 1951 | 11 |
| 1952 | 11 |
| 1953 | 107 |
| 1954 | 197 |
| 1955 | 3 |
| 1956 | 13 |
| 1957 | 8 |
| 1958 | 80 |
| 1959 | 13 |
| 1960 | 4 |
| 1961 | 1 |
| 1962 | 4 |
| 1963 | 16 |
| 1964 | 3 |
| 1965 | 5 |
| 1966 | 2 |
| 1967 | 4 |
| 1968 | 1 |
| 1969 | 3 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1971 | 0 |
| 1972 | 7 |
| 1973 | 8 |
| 1974 | 1 |
| 1975 | 7 |
| 1976 | 5 |
| 1977 | 3 |
| 1978 | 1 |
| 1979 | 4 |
| 1980 | 8 |
| 1981 | 73 |
| 1982 | 3 |
| 1983 | 4 |
| 1984 | 6 |
| 1985 | 0 |
| 1986 | 13 |
| 1987 | 186 |
| 1988 | 13 |
| 1989 | 8 |
| 1990 | 99 |
| 1991 | 15 |
| 1992 | 28 |
| 1993 | 1 |
| 1994 | 16 |
| 1995 | 8 |
| 1996 | 22 |
| 1997 | 15 |
| 1998 | 239 |
| 1999 | 32 |
| 2000 | 14 |
| 2001 | 14 |
| 2002 | 6 |
| 2003 | 35 |
| 2004 | 4 |
| 2005 | 8 |
| 2006 | 31 |
| 2007 | 22 |
| 2008 | 8 |
| 2009 | 8 |
| 2010 | 16 |
| 2011 | 20 |
| 2012 | 376 |
| 2013 | 4 |
| 2014 | 97 |
| 2015 | 125 |
| 2016 | 86 |
| 2017 | 67 |
| 2018 | 8 |
| 2019 | 52 |
| 2020 | 35 |
| 2021 | 32 |
| 2022 | 5 |
| 2023 | 89 |
| 2024 | 381 |
| 2025 | 101 |
Of the 4,497 stations in North America with at least 50 complete years of record, 381 (8.5%) had 2024 as their warmest year on record.
The years that were the warmest on record at the most stations are 2024 (381 stations), 2012 (376 stations), 1931 (352 stations), 1934 (317 stations) and 1921 (295 stations).
851 of the 4,497 stations (18.9%) had their warmest year in the 2010s.
By decade
| Decade | Stations with their warmest year in it | Share of stations | Stations with one of their five warmest years in it |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1870s | 4 | 0.1% | 20 |
| 1880s | 3 | 0.1% | 22 |
| 1890s | 16 | 0.4% | 112 |
| 1900s | 12 | 0.3% | 139 |
| 1910s | 62 | 1.4% | 387 |
| 1920s | 395 | 8.8% | 1,400 |
| 1930s | 826 | 18.4% | 3,356 |
| 1940s | 209 | 4.6% | 1,504 |
| 1950s | 458 | 10.2% | 2,236 |
| 1960s | 43 | 1.0% | 434 |
| 1970s | 36 | 0.8% | 455 |
| 1980s | 314 | 7.0% | 1,533 |
| 1990s | 475 | 10.6% | 2,621 |
| 2000s | 150 | 3.3% | 1,444 |
| 2010s | 851 | 18.9% | 3,888 |
| 2020s (to date) | 643 | 14.3% | 2,934 |
The set is the 4,497 stations with at least 50 complete years (all twelve months with 20 or more days of maximum and minimum). A station's warmest year is the one with the highest annual mean temperature, a tie going to the later year. The count describes these stations, not the whole area.
Days and Nights
North America, against 1961-1990| Year | Daily maximum | Daily minimum | Day-night range (maximum minus minimum) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1951 | -0.21 C | -0.30 C | +0.09 C |
| 1952 | +0.33 C | +0.03 C | +0.29 C |
| 1953 | +0.88 C | +0.51 C | +0.37 C |
| 1954 | +0.65 C | +0.22 C | +0.42 C |
| 1955 | -0.15 C | -0.35 C | +0.20 C |
| 1956 | +0.04 C | -0.43 C | +0.46 C |
| 1957 | +0.13 C | +0.48 C | -0.34 C |
| 1958 | +0.04 C | +0.19 C | -0.15 C |
| 1959 | +0.16 C | +0.03 C | +0.12 C |
| 1960 | -0.01 C | -0.06 C | +0.05 C |
| 1961 | -0.08 C | -0.10 C | +0.02 C |
| 1962 | +0.08 C | -0.02 C | +0.10 C |
| 1963 | +0.35 C | -0.01 C | +0.36 C |
| 1964 | -0.08 C | -0.35 C | +0.27 C |
| 1965 | -0.23 C | -0.12 C | -0.11 C |
| 1966 | -0.23 C | -0.37 C | +0.14 C |
| 1967 | +0.05 C | -0.06 C | +0.11 C |
| 1968 | -0.24 C | -0.30 C | +0.06 C |
| 1969 | -0.18 C | +0.01 C | -0.20 C |
| 1970 | -0.19 C | -0.14 C | -0.05 C |
| 1971 | -0.40 C | -0.40 C | -0.01 C |
| 1972 | -0.51 C | -0.39 C | -0.12 C |
| 1973 | -0.08 C | +0.25 C | -0.34 C |
| 1974 | +0.03 C | -0.08 C | +0.11 C |
| 1975 | -0.43 C | -0.31 C | -0.12 C |
| 1976 | -0.08 C | -0.58 C | +0.50 C |
| 1977 | +0.38 C | +0.29 C | +0.09 C |
| 1978 | -0.18 C | -0.05 C | -0.14 C |
| 1979 | -0.24 C | -0.13 C | -0.11 C |
| 1980 | +0.25 C | +0.19 C | +0.06 C |
| 1981 | +0.66 C | +0.67 C | 0.00 C |
| 1982 | -0.40 C | -0.08 C | -0.32 C |
| 1983 | -0.15 C | +0.35 C | -0.50 C |
| 1984 | -0.07 C | +0.12 C | -0.18 C |
| 1985 | -0.26 C | -0.14 C | -0.13 C |
| 1986 | +0.46 C | +0.68 C | -0.22 C |
| 1987 | +0.63 C | +0.59 C | +0.04 C |
| 1988 | +0.49 C | +0.10 C | +0.39 C |
| 1989 | -0.04 C | -0.18 C | +0.14 C |
| 1990 | +0.68 C | +0.57 C | +0.11 C |
| 1991 | +0.43 C | +0.69 C | -0.25 C |
| 1992 | -0.09 C | +0.25 C | -0.34 C |
| 1993 | -0.22 C | +0.18 C | -0.41 C |
| 1994 | +0.28 C | +0.39 C | -0.11 C |
| 1995 | +0.27 C | +0.54 C | -0.27 C |
| 1996 | -0.14 C | +0.01 C | -0.16 C |
| 1997 | +0.02 C | +0.42 C | -0.40 C |
| 1998 | +0.69 C | +1.37 C | -0.68 C |
| 1999 | +0.52 C | +0.45 C | +0.07 C |
| 2000 | +0.42 C | +0.62 C | -0.21 C |
| 2001 | +0.50 C | +0.77 C | -0.26 C |
| 2002 | +0.52 C | +0.76 C | -0.24 C |
| 2003 | +0.48 C | +0.79 C | -0.31 C |
| 2004 | +0.30 C | +0.85 C | -0.56 C |
| 2005 | +0.64 C | +0.99 C | -0.35 C |
| 2006 | +0.79 C | +0.93 C | -0.14 C |
| 2007 | +0.57 C | +0.78 C | -0.21 C |
| 2008 | -0.10 C | 0.00 C | -0.10 C |
| 2009 | -0.09 C | +0.25 C | -0.35 C |
| 2010 | +0.14 C | +0.75 C | -0.61 C |
| 2011 | +0.31 C | +0.60 C | -0.29 C |
| 2012 | +1.00 C | +1.01 C | -0.01 C |
| 2013 | -0.04 C | +0.42 C | -0.47 C |
| 2014 | +0.30 C | +0.70 C | -0.40 C |
| 2015 | +0.96 C | +1.46 C | -0.50 C |
| 2016 | +1.41 C | +1.86 C | -0.45 C |
| 2017 | +0.96 C | +1.35 C | -0.39 C |
| 2018 | +0.56 C | +1.25 C | -0.69 C |
| 2019 | +0.31 C | +1.04 C | -0.73 C |
| 2020 | +0.95 C | +1.26 C | -0.30 C |
| 2021 | +0.84 C | +1.23 C | -0.39 C |
| 2022 | +0.67 C | +0.76 C | -0.09 C |
| 2023 | +0.92 C | +1.45 C | -0.54 C |
| 2024 | +1.41 C | +1.90 C | -0.49 C |
| 2025 | +1.04 C | +1.41 C | -0.37 C |
From 1951 to 2025, the daily maximum in North America changed by +0.12 C per decade (+0.21 F) (95 percent interval +0.05 to +0.18 C) and the daily minimum by +0.21 C per decade (+0.38 F) (95 percent interval +0.15 to +0.27 C), from 2,498 stations.
The daily minimum rose faster, by 0.09 C per decade more than the daily maximum; the two intervals overlap, so the data do not separate them.
The day-night range (daily maximum minus daily minimum) changed by -0.09 C per decade (95 percent interval -0.12 to -0.07 C), which means the range narrowed.
Trends per decade
| Measure | Trend per decade (C) | 95% interval (C) | Years | Stations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daily maximum | +0.12 | +0.05 to +0.18 | 1951 to 2025 | 2,498 |
| Daily minimum | +0.21 | +0.15 to +0.27 | 1951 to 2025 | 2,498 |
| Day-night range (maximum minus minimum) | -0.09 | -0.12 to -0.07 | 1951 to 2025 | 2,498 |
The day-night range is the daily maximum minus the daily minimum, so a falling range means the minimum rose by more than the maximum. Intervals allow for year to year persistence in the series.
Hot Days, Warm Nights and Frost Days by Decade: North America
Up to 1,715 stations per measure, fixed sets- In North America, the mean number of days with a daily maximum at or above 30 C (86 F) per year at 1,715 stations rose from 60.2 to 65.4 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 67.9.
- In North America, the mean number of days with a daily maximum at or above 35 C (95 F) per year at 1,715 stations rose from 12.8 to 15.4 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 16.7.
- In North America, the mean number of days with a daily maximum at or above 40 C (104 F) per year at 1,715 stations rose from 1.2 to 1.7 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 2.2.
- In North America, the mean number of warm nights, with a daily minimum at or above 20 C (68 F) per year at 1,658 stations rose from 24.2 to 33.8 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 33.9.
- In North America, the mean number of frost days, with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F) per year at 1,658 stations fell from 125.4 to 116.5 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 113.7.
- In North America, the mean number of ice days, with a daily maximum at or below 0 C (32 F) per year at 1,715 stations fell from 32.4 to 31.4 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 26.3.
Days at or above 30 C
| Decade | Mean days per year |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 60.2 |
| 1970s | 60.5 |
| 1980s | 62.4 |
| 1990s | 58.5 |
| 2000s | 61.3 |
| 2010s | 65.4 |
| 2020s (so far, 6 years) | 67.9 |
Days at or above 35 C
| Decade | Mean days per year |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 12.8 |
| 1970s | 12.5 |
| 1980s | 15.2 |
| 1990s | 13.0 |
| 2000s | 14.3 |
| 2010s | 15.4 |
| 2020s (so far, 6 years) | 16.7 |
Days at or above 40 C
| Decade | Mean days per year |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 1.2 |
| 1970s | 1.2 |
| 1980s | 1.5 |
| 1990s | 1.3 |
| 2000s | 1.6 |
| 2010s | 1.7 |
| 2020s (so far, 6 years) | 2.2 |
Tropical nights (min at or above 20 C)
| Decade | Mean days per year |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 24.2 |
| 1970s | 25.4 |
| 1980s | 27.9 |
| 1990s | 28.1 |
| 2000s | 29.5 |
| 2010s | 33.8 |
| 2020s (so far, 6 years) | 33.9 |
Frost days (min at or below 0 C)
| Decade | Mean days per year |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 125.4 |
| 1970s | 124.0 |
| 1980s | 120.9 |
| 1990s | 116.9 |
| 2000s | 117.6 |
| 2010s | 116.5 |
| 2020s (so far, 6 years) | 113.7 |
Ice days (max at or below 0 C)
| Decade | Mean days per year |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 32.4 |
| 1970s | 33.8 |
| 1980s | 31.3 |
| 1990s | 28.6 |
| 2000s | 29.9 |
| 2010s | 31.4 |
| 2020s (so far, 6 years) | 26.3 |
Each measure counts days in complete years only. A station is in a measure's set when it has complete years in every decade from the 1960s, so each chart compares the same places over time. A grey bar is a decade that is not over.
Heavy Rain and Dry Spells by Decade: North America
3,634 stations in the annual rain series- In North America, annual rain at 3,634 stations is shown as a percent difference from each station's own 1961-1990 mean, for 75 years from 1951 to 2025.
- The trend in annual rain is +1.3 percent per decade (95 percent interval +0.4 to +2.2), fitted to 75 years from 1951 to 2025.
- In North America, the share of a year's rain that fell in its wettest five days fell from 13.7 to 13.5 percent between the 1960s and the 2020s at 2,315 stations.
- In North America, the mean number of days with 25 mm (1.0 in) or more of rain per year rose from 7.63 to 8.44 between the 1960s and the 2020s.
- In North America, the mean number of days with 50 mm (2.0 in) or more of rain per year rose from 1.58 to 1.84 between the 1960s and the 2020s.
- In North America, the mean number of days with 100 mm (3.9 in) or more of rain per year rose from 0.15 to 0.17 between the 1960s and the 2020s.
- In North America, the mean longest dry spell of the year, in days with less than 1 mm of rain in a row, rose from 35.3 to 36.7 days between the 1960s and the 2020s, over the same 2,315 stations in every decade.
Annual rain against the 1961-1990 mean
| Year | Annual rain, percent difference from the mean |
|---|---|
| 1951 | 3.6% |
| 1952 | -7.7% |
| 1953 | -12.8% |
| 1954 | -8.2% |
| 1955 | -8.2% |
| 1956 | -18.9% |
| 1957 | 4.5% |
| 1958 | 7.2% |
| 1959 | -0.9% |
| 1960 | -4.8% |
| 1961 | -3.7% |
| 1962 | -6.5% |
| 1963 | -5.1% |
| 1964 | -6.3% |
| 1965 | 2.4% |
| 1966 | -11.6% |
| 1967 | 4.6% |
| 1968 | -4.3% |
| 1969 | 4.1% |
| 1970 | -1.0% |
| 1971 | -2.1% |
| 1972 | 1.5% |
| 1973 | 5.7% |
| 1974 | -2.8% |
| 1975 | -1.3% |
| 1976 | -10.7% |
| 1977 | -1.5% |
| 1978 | 6.6% |
| 1979 | 8.3% |
| 1980 | -1.7% |
| 1981 | 0.4% |
| 1982 | 9.2% |
| 1983 | 18.4% |
| 1984 | 1.1% |
| 1985 | -0.9% |
| 1986 | 5.5% |
| 1987 | -0.1% |
| 1988 | -10.7% |
| 1989 | -5.2% |
| 1990 | 6.3% |
| 1991 | 9.0% |
| 1992 | 6.3% |
| 1993 | 12.8% |
| 1994 | 1.9% |
| 1995 | 6.1% |
| 1996 | 8.0% |
| 1997 | 9.0% |
| 1998 | 15.4% |
| 1999 | -2.5% |
| 2000 | 0.6% |
| 2001 | -3.0% |
| 2002 | -6.1% |
| 2003 | 0.1% |
| 2004 | 10.8% |
| 2005 | 8.7% |
| 2006 | 1.0% |
| 2007 | -3.5% |
| 2008 | 6.3% |
| 2009 | -0.4% |
| 2010 | 7.7% |
| 2011 | -2.5% |
| 2012 | -6.0% |
| 2013 | 4.5% |
| 2014 | 3.1% |
| 2015 | 11.4% |
| 2016 | 6.7% |
| 2017 | 8.3% |
| 2018 | 11.0% |
| 2019 | 18.6% |
| 2020 | -5.6% |
| 2021 | 1.0% |
| 2022 | -2.2% |
| 2023 | 7.3% |
| 2024 | 3.0% |
| 2025 | -1.2% |
Share of the year's rain in its wettest five days
| Decade | Share of annual rain |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 13.7% |
| 1970s | 13.1% |
| 1980s | 13.1% |
| 1990s | 12.7% |
| 2000s | 13.3% |
| 2010s | 13.1% |
| 2020s | 13.5% |
Days with 25 mm or more rain
| Decade | Mean days per year |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 7.63 |
| 1970s | 8.24 |
| 1980s | 8.03 |
| 1990s | 8.75 |
| 2000s | 8.40 |
| 2010s | 9.00 |
| 2020s | 8.44 |
Days with 50 mm or more rain
| Decade | Mean days per year |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 1.58 |
| 1970s | 1.69 |
| 1980s | 1.66 |
| 1990s | 1.86 |
| 2000s | 1.80 |
| 2010s | 1.99 |
| 2020s | 1.84 |
Days with 100 mm or more rain
| Decade | Mean days per year |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 0.15 |
| 1970s | 0.16 |
| 1980s | 0.15 |
| 1990s | 0.18 |
| 2000s | 0.18 |
| 2010s | 0.20 |
| 2020s | 0.17 |
Longest dry spell of the year
| Decade | Mean longest dry spell, days |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 35.3 days |
| 1970s | 34.8 days |
| 1980s | 33.7 days |
| 1990s | 33.7 days |
| 2000s | 35.6 days |
| 2010s | 34.2 days |
| 2020s | 36.7 days |
The annual rain series uses stations with at least 50 complete years since 1951 and a 1961-1990 baseline. The decade charts use fixed sets of stations, the same in every decade from the 1960s. A dry day has less than 1 mm (0.04 in) of rain.
The New Normal
North America, 1961-1990 against 2011-2025| Station | Change in mean temperature |
|---|---|
| Barrow AP | +3.8 C (+6.8 F) |
| Hermit 8 SE | +2.6 C (+4.6 F) |
| Nevada City | +2.0 C (+3.6 F) |
| Hartford Brainard Fld | +2.0 C (+3.6 F) |
| Woodstock | +2.0 C (+3.6 F) |
| Hanover | +1.9 C (+3.4 F) |
| Bethel AP | +1.9 C (+3.4 F) |
| First Connecticut Lake | +1.9 C (+3.4 F) |
| Blanding | +1.9 C (+3.4 F) |
| Talkeetna AP | +1.9 C (+3.4 F) |
| Milan 1NW | +1.9 C (+3.4 F) |
| Cheesman | +1.9 C (+3.4 F) |
| Hanford 1 S | +1.9 C (+3.3 F) |
| Traverse Cy Cherry Capital AP | +1.8 C (+3.2 F) |
| Erie Intl AP | +1.8 C (+3.2 F) |
| Charlotteburg Rsvr | +1.8 C (+3.2 F) |
| Dubois Exp STN | +1.8 C (+3.2 F) |
| Elkins- Randolph Co AP | +1.8 C (+3.2 F) |
| Lemmon | +1.8 C (+3.2 F) |
| Riddle | +1.7 C (+3.1 F) |
| Greenville Wtp | +1.7 C (+3.1 F) |
| Lumberton | +1.7 C (+3.1 F) |
| Clarksville Wwtp | +1.7 C (+3.1 F) |
| Gravette | +1.7 C (+3.0 F) |
| Davis 2 WSW Exp Farm | +1.7 C (+3.0 F) |
| Kingston | +1.7 C (+3.0 F) |
| Bowling Green Warren Co AP | +1.7 C (+3.0 F) |
| Bucyrus | +1.7 C (+3.0 F) |
| Valley Head | +1.6 C (+3.0 F) |
| Muskegon Co AP | +1.6 C (+3.0 F) |
| Winnebago | +1.6 C (+2.9 F) |
| Norris Madison Pwr House | +1.6 C (+2.9 F) |
| Nome AP | +1.6 C (+2.9 F) |
| University | +1.6 C (+2.9 F) |
| Oswego | +1.6 C (+2.9 F) |
| Ridgway | +1.6 C (+2.8 F) |
| Pasadena | +1.6 C (+2.8 F) |
| Storm Lake | +1.6 C (+2.8 F) |
| Farmington | +1.6 C (+2.8 F) |
| Mohonk Lake | +1.6 C (+2.8 F) |
| Defiance | +1.5 C (+2.8 F) |
| Gillette 3SE | +1.5 C (+2.8 F) |
| Marysville | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Lakin | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Newport 1 NW | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Salem AP (McNary Field) | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Decorah | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Deseret | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Green Bay | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Willcox | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Lemon Cove | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Orland | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Paulding | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Ft Collins | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Fairmont | +1.5 C (+2.7 F) |
| Alton | +1.5 C (+2.6 F) |
| Tombstone | +1.5 C (+2.6 F) |
| Montrose #2 | +1.5 C (+2.6 F) |
| Hemlock | +1.5 C (+2.6 F) |
| Louisburg | +1.5 C (+2.6 F) |
| Prescott | +1.4 C (+2.6 F) |
| Blue Hill Coop | +1.4 C (+2.6 F) |
| Findlay Wpcc | +1.4 C (+2.6 F) |
| Rochester | +1.4 C (+2.6 F) |
| San Angelo | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Clayton Muni Air Pk | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Santa Cruz | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Charleston | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Oakland 1 SE | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Cornelia | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Gardiner | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| State College | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Mc Minnville | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Chanute Martin Johnson AP | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Fremont | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Greensboro AP | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Asheville | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Saginaw Mbs Intl AP | +1.4 C (+2.5 F) |
| Norwalk Wwtp | +1.4 C (+2.4 F) |
| Winslow AP | +1.4 C (+2.4 F) |
| Livermore | +1.4 C (+2.4 F) |
| Farmland 5 NNW | +1.4 C (+2.4 F) |
| Raleigh State UNIV | +1.4 C (+2.4 F) |
| Spokane Intl AP | +1.4 C (+2.4 F) |
| Chapel Hill 2 W | +1.3 C (+2.4 F) |
| Columbus | +1.3 C (+2.4 F) |
| Lawrence | +1.3 C (+2.4 F) |
| Urbana Wrf | +1.3 C (+2.4 F) |
| Glenville | +1.3 C (+2.4 F) |
| University Exp STN | +1.3 C (+2.4 F) |
| Lafayette Rgnl AP | +1.3 C (+2.4 F) |
| Alpena Co Rgnl AP | +1.3 C (+2.4 F) |
| Paris | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Levan | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Saint Johnsbury | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Atlantic City Marina | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Steamboat Springs | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| 1 ENE Fairfield | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Waynesboro | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Hallettsville 2 N | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Cape May 2 NW | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Hobart Muni AP | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Parkersburg | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Elko Rgnl AP | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Payette | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Boerne | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Newark Liberty Intl AP | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Lexington Bluegrass AP | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Cuyamaca | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Durham | +1.3 C (+2.3 F) |
| Waseca S Rsch & Outreach Ctr | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Clemson UNIV | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Llano | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Rochester Intl AP | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Concordia ASOS | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Santa Rosa | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Rome | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Salem | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Duchesne | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Oshkosh | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Flemington 5 NNW | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Luling | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Knoxville AP | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Saint Paul Is AP | +1.2 C (+2.2 F) |
| Mt Carroll | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Clinton #1 | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Coldwater | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Culbertson | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Tooele | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Rochester Gtr Intl | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Indian Lake 2SW | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Drain | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Spanish Fk Pwr House | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Ft Myers Page Fld AP | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Dwtn Charleston | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Waverly | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Basin | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Pembina | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Gainesville | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Angelica | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Scipio | +1.2 C (+2.1 F) |
| Mt Vernon | +1.1 C (+2.1 F) |
| Hood Rvr Exp STN | +1.1 C (+2.1 F) |
| Jackson Exp STN | +1.1 C (+2.1 F) |
| Artesia 6S | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Brookings 2 NE | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Crosbyton | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Lufkin Angelina Co AP | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Ft Bidwell | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Yreka | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Mora | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Springfield Abraham Lincoln Ca | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Anderson 1 N | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Rushville | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Cedar Rapids #1 | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Hagerstown 1E | +1.1 C (+2.0 F) |
| Cordova AP | +1.1 C (+1.9 F) |
| Jacksonville 2E | +1.1 C (+1.9 F) |
| Minonk | +1.1 C (+1.9 F) |
| Pine Rvr Dam | +1.1 C (+1.9 F) |
| Pipestone | +1.1 C (+1.9 F) |
| Wooster Exp STN | +1.1 C (+1.9 F) |
| Burlington Muni AP | +1.1 C (+1.9 F) |
| Cheyenne | +1.1 C (+1.9 F) |
| Indian Mills 2 W | +1.1 C (+1.9 F) |
| Trinidad | +1.0 C (+1.9 F) |
| Cambridge | +1.0 C (+1.9 F) |
| Lead | +1.0 C (+1.9 F) |
| Hillsboro | +1.0 C (+1.9 F) |
| Napa State Hospital | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Cheyenne Wells 2NE | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Whitestown | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Bend | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Lewisburg Exp STN | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Oakley | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Wallowa | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Corsicana | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Wakeeney | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Savage | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Winthrop UNIV | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Brodhead Wwtp | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Aurora Water | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Kokomo 3 WSW | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Ashland | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Ny City Cntrl Park | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Scottsbluff W B Heilig Fld AP | +1.0 C (+1.8 F) |
| Tarpon Spgs Sewage Plt | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) |
| Albany 3 SE | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) |
| W Lafayette 6 NW | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) |
| Tracy | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) |
| Norwich | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) |
| Martinsburg E W Virginia Rgnl | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) |
| Rosalia | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) |
| Fallon Exp STN | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) |
| Franklin | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) |
| Santuck | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) |
| Bartow 1SE | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| Culbertson | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| Elmira | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| Plainview | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| Madison | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| Sacramento 5 ESE | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| Alexandria | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| State UNIV | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| Cheraw | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| Beeville 5 NE | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| Wichita Falls Muni AP | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| Goodland | +0.9 C (+1.7 F) |
| Dover | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Conception | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Winnemucca AP | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Du Quoin 4 SE | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Owosso Wwtp | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Fayetteville (Pwc) | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Marshall | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Logan Utah St UNIV | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Clayton 1 SSW | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Minden | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Columbia | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Lamar 7N | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Hightstown 2 W | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Tucumcari 4 NE | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Union City | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Berlin | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Kennewick | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Merrill | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Eastman 1 W | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Neosho | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Alfred | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Watertown | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Cullowhee | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Worland | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Huron Rgnl AP | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Butte Bert Mooney AP | +0.9 C (+1.6 F) |
| Colfax | +0.9 C (+1.5 F) |
| Angola | +0.9 C (+1.5 F) |
| Marion 2 N | +0.9 C (+1.5 F) |
| Morris W Cntrl Rsch & Outreach | +0.9 C (+1.5 F) |
| Zion Np | +0.9 C (+1.5 F) |
| Ocala | +0.9 C (+1.5 F) |
| Coldwater St School | +0.9 C (+1.5 F) |
| Iron Mtn-Kingsford Wwtp | +0.9 C (+1.5 F) |
| Chama | +0.9 C (+1.5 F) |
| Monroe 2 SE | +0.9 C (+1.5 F) |
| Clearbrook | +0.9 C (+1.5 F) |
| Lake City Exp Farm | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Genoa 2 W | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| McGill | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Grand Coteau | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Collegeville St John's | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Grand Rapids Forestry Lab | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Hope 3 NE | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Hoopeston | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Hays 1 S | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Bridgeport | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Aberdeen Exp STN | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Dannemora | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Ballinger 2 NW | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Buckhannon | +0.8 C (+1.5 F) |
| Greenfield | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Fairbury 7S | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Geneva | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Ithaca Cornell UNIV | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Yemassee 1 N | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Menno | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Manti | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Kentfield | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Priest Rvr Exp STN | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Sedan | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Hattiesburg 5SW | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Kearney 4 NE | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Harbor Beach 1 SSE | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Bottineau | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Louisa | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Hillsboro | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Champaign 3S | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Goshen 3SW | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Oolitic Purdue Ex Fm | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Albert Lea 3SE | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Racine Wwtp | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Ellensburg | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Oconto 4 W | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Texarkana Webb Fld | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| S Bend AP | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Guthrie Ctr | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Coleman | +0.8 C (+1.4 F) |
| Franklin 3 NW | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Kalispell Glacier AP | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Gothenburg | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Wauseon Wtp | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Neillsville 3ESE | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Washington 1 W | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Ekalaka | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Red Lodge | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Columbus 3 NE | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Portage Wwtp | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Gunnison 3SW | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Milaca | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Ainsworth | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Cody | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Marianna 2 S | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Carroll | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| E Tawas | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Lebanon 2W | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Lowville | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Medford | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| El Dorado Goodwin Fld | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Paso Robles | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Jennings | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Sherman | +0.7 C (+1.3 F) |
| Atlantic 1 NE | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Pocahontas | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Big Rapids Wtp | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Lima Wwtp | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Laketown | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Manitowoc | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Grand Junction Walker Fld | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Park Rapids Muni AP | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Dardanelle | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Albemarle | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Salisbury | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Moab | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Ketchikan AP | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Williams | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Healy | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Towanda 1 S | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Warren | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Little Mtn | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Dickson | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Watertown Rgnl AP | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Cut Bank AP | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Hillsboro | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Centerville 6 SE | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Odessa | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Ritzville 1 SSE | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Redwood Falls Muni AP | +0.7 C (+1.2 F) |
| Denton 2 SE | +0.6 C (+1.2 F) |
| Aberdeen | +0.6 C (+1.2 F) |
| Lewistown AP | +0.6 C (+1.2 F) |
| Tahoe City | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Amherst | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Grayling | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Brooklet 1 W | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Edenton | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Minot Exp STN | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Newell | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Cave Run Lake | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Two Harbors | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Murfreesboro 5 N | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Wellington | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Tryon | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Moro | +0.6 C (+1.1 F) |
| Rogersville 1 NE | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Brenham | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Kennebec | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Bolivar Wtr Wks | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Weatherford | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Seward AP | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Cherokee | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Rock Rapids | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Tullahoma | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Marshfield Exp Farm | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Toledo 3N | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Ann Arbor U of Mich | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Williston Sloulin Fld | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) |
| Talladega | +0.5 C (+1.0 F) |
| Estherville 4E | +0.5 C (+1.0 F) |
| Pollock | +0.5 C (+1.0 F) |
| Bozeman Montana State UNIV | +0.5 C (+1.0 F) |
| Tarboro 1 S | +0.5 C (+1.0 F) |
| Hot Springs | +0.5 C (+1.0 F) |
| Lancaster 4 WSW | +0.5 C (+1.0 F) |
| Winamac 2SSE | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Hastings | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Manistee 3SE | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Las Animas | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Donaldsonville 4 SW | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| W Branch 3SE | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Circleville | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Lake City 2 E | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Belle Plaine | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Cheboygan | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Warren 3 S | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Sedro-Woolley | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Portsmouth-Sciotoville | +0.5 C (+0.9 F) |
| Hot Springs | +0.5 C (+0.8 F) |
| Newcastle | +0.5 C (+0.8 F) |
| Dillon 1 E | +0.5 C (+0.8 F) |
| Moscow U of I | +0.5 C (+0.8 F) |
| Elkhart | +0.5 C (+0.8 F) |
| Independence | +0.5 C (+0.8 F) |
| Hancock Exp Farm | +0.5 C (+0.8 F) |
| Waterdale | +0.5 C (+0.8 F) |
| Flatonia 4SE | +0.5 C (+0.8 F) |
| Holly | +0.4 C (+0.8 F) |
| W Pt | +0.4 C (+0.8 F) |
| Fullerton 1 ESE | +0.4 C (+0.8 F) |
| Aberdeen | +0.4 C (+0.8 F) |
| Concrete Ppl Fish STN | +0.4 C (+0.8 F) |
| Shawano 2SSW | +0.4 C (+0.8 F) |
| Decatur Wtp | +0.4 C (+0.8 F) |
| Spooner Ag Rsch STN | +0.4 C (+0.8 F) |
| El Dorado | +0.4 C (+0.8 F) |
| Oshkosh | +0.4 C (+0.8 F) |
| San Francisco Dwtn | +0.4 C (+0.8 F) |
| Bloomington Indiana UNIV | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Mason City | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Cooperstown | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Cottonwood 2 E | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Brownsville | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Cornwall | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Waupaca | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Steffenville | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Ashley | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Vermillion 2 SE | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Wytheville | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Merced | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Heppner | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Hastings 4N | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Hebron | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Tecumseh 1S | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Hayes Center 1NW | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Monmouth | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Hamilton | +0.4 C (+0.7 F) |
| Pine Bluff | +0.4 C (+0.6 F) |
| Rocky Ford 2 SE | +0.4 C (+0.6 F) |
| Saint Leo | +0.4 C (+0.6 F) |
| Dale Enterprise | +0.4 C (+0.6 F) |
| Camden 1 | +0.4 C (+0.6 F) |
| Searcy | +0.4 C (+0.6 F) |
| Columbus | +0.4 C (+0.6 F) |
| Cloquet | +0.4 C (+0.6 F) |
| Forks 1 E | +0.4 C (+0.6 F) |
| Pendleton | +0.4 C (+0.6 F) |
| Rockville | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Sanborn | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Ironwood | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Zumbrota | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| N Bend SW Oregon Rgnl AP | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Greenville 2 NNE | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Grand Forks UNIV (NWS) | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Stevens Pt | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Sturgeon Bay Exp Farm | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Boulder | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Crete 4ESE | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Waynesville 1 E | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Lincoln | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Walnut | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Morganton | +0.3 C (+0.6 F) |
| Selma | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Lifton Pumping STN | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Dillon U of Montana Western | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Auburn 5 ESE | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Franklin Sewage Plt | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Berne Wwtp | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| 1 WSW Princeton | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Plainville 4WNW | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Red Cloud | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Emmett 2 E | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Kirksville | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Mtn Grove 2 N | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Fremont | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Oakdale | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Huntsville | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Malvern | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Olney 2S | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Mc Leod 3 E | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Ashland | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Forest Grove | +0.3 C (+0.5 F) |
| Itasca UNIV of Minn | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Harrison | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Plymouth Wwtp | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Big Timber | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Lacrosse | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Mt Vernon 3 NE | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| White Hall 1 E | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Norton 9SSE | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Rapelje | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Algona | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Crookston NW Exp STN | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Grand Meadow | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Ravenna | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Syracuse | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Vancouver 4 NNE | +0.2 C (+0.4 F) |
| Kellogg | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| Plevna | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| Statesville 2 NNE | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| Burkes Garden | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| Lexington | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| Highmore | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| Danevang 1 W | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| Iowa Falls | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| Billings Wtp | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| Jamestown State Hosp | +0.2 C (+0.3 F) |
| Tribune 1W | +0.1 C (+0.2 F) |
| Eureka | +0.1 C (+0.2 F) |
| Wilbur | +0.1 C (+0.2 F) |
| Minocqua | +0.1 C (+0.2 F) |
| Newton | +0.1 C (+0.2 F) |
| Viroqua | +0.1 C (+0.2 F) |
| Appleton City | +0.1 C (+0.1 F) |
| Jackson | +0.1 C (+0.1 F) |
| Port Jervis | +0.1 C (+0.1 F) |
| Leech Lake | +0.1 C (+0.1 F) |
| Glendive | +0.1 C (+0.1 F) |
| Prairie du Chien | +0.1 C (+0.1 F) |
| Osage | +0.1 C (+0.1 F) |
| Greensburg | +0.1 C (+0.1 F) |
| Fayette | 0.0 C (+0.1 F) |
| Le Mars | 0.0 C (+0.1 F) |
| Windsor | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Manhattan | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Hiram | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Newport | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Ojai | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Clarinda | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Indianola 1SW | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Saint Francis | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Minneapolis | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Hernando | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Bethany | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Crosby | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Napoleon | 0.0 C (0.0 F) |
| Scott City | 0.0 C (-0.1 F) |
| Tyndall | 0.0 C (-0.1 F) |
| Spencer | 0.0 C (-0.1 F) |
| Watertown Wwtp | 0.0 C (-0.1 F) |
| Moran 5WNW | 0.0 C (-0.1 F) |
| Aledo | 0.0 C (-0.1 F) |
| Iowa City | 0.0 C (-0.1 F) |
| Keosauqua | 0.0 C (-0.1 F) |
| Minden | 0.0 C (-0.1 F) |
| New Salem 5NW | 0.0 C (-0.1 F) |
| Faulkton | 0.0 C (-0.1 F) |
| Lamar | -0.1 C (-0.1 F) |
| Enid | -0.1 C (-0.1 F) |
| Keene | -0.1 C (-0.1 F) |
| Headworks Portland Wtr B | -0.1 C (-0.1 F) |
| Britton | -0.1 C (-0.1 F) |
| Denison | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| Forest City 2 NNE | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| Dayton 1 WSW | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| White Sulphur Springs | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| McPherson | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| O'Neill | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| Centralia | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| Conway | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| Fond du Lac Wwtp | -0.1 C (-0.2 F) |
| Lockwood | -0.1 C (-0.3 F) |
| Winfield 3NE | -0.1 C (-0.3 F) |
| Seward | -0.1 C (-0.3 F) |
| New Hampton | -0.2 C (-0.3 F) |
| Holter Dam | -0.2 C (-0.3 F) |
| Mt Airy 2 W | -0.2 C (-0.3 F) |
| Academy 2NE | -0.2 C (-0.3 F) |
| Mammoth Spring | -0.2 C (-0.3 F) |
| Paris Stp | -0.2 C (-0.3 F) |
| Parsons 2 NW | -0.2 C (-0.3 F) |
| Marinette | -0.2 C (-0.3 F) |
| Webster City | -0.2 C (-0.3 F) |
| Imperial | -0.2 C (-0.3 F) |
| Pocahontas 1 | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| Subiaco | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| Rhinelander | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| Logan 1 WNW | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| Horton | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| Ottawa 4SW | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| Elkader 6 SSW | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| Broken Bow 2 W | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| Cedar Lake | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| Ft Dodge 5NNW | -0.2 C (-0.4 F) |
| Lincoln 1 SE | -0.3 C (-0.5 F) |
| Choteau | -0.3 C (-0.5 F) |
| Greenfield | -0.3 C (-0.5 F) |
| Holdrege | -0.3 C (-0.5 F) |
| Telluride 4WNW | -0.3 C (-0.6 F) |
| Cottonwood Falls | -0.3 C (-0.6 F) |
| Chariton 1 E | -0.3 C (-0.6 F) |
| Wamego 4 W | -0.3 C (-0.6 F) |
| Wakefield 3NW | -0.4 C (-0.7 F) |
| Butte | -0.4 C (-0.7 F) |
| Ft Assiniboine | -0.4 C (-0.7 F) |
| River Falls | -0.4 C (-0.7 F) |
| Jonesboro 3 SSE | -0.4 C (-0.7 F) |
| Sigourney | -0.4 C (-0.8 F) |
| Woodstock 2 NE | -0.4 C (-0.8 F) |
| Clay Ctr | -0.4 C (-0.8 F) |
| Beaver City | -0.4 C (-0.8 F) |
| Ottawa | -0.5 C (-0.9 F) |
| Prescott 2 NNW | -0.5 C (-1.0 F) |
| Canon City | -0.5 C (-1.0 F) |
| Liberal | -0.6 C (-1.0 F) |
| Miller | -0.6 C (-1.0 F) |
| Albia 3 NNE | -0.6 C (-1.0 F) |
| Jefferson | -0.6 C (-1.1 F) |
| Washington | -0.6 C (-1.1 F) |
| Natchez | -0.6 C (-1.1 F) |
| Alexandria | -0.7 C (-1.2 F) |
| Audubon | -0.8 C (-1.5 F) |
| Wood | -0.9 C (-1.6 F) |
Across 2,146 stations in North America with long records, the mean annual temperature was 11.1 C (51.9 F) in 1961-1990, 11.7 C (53.0 F) in 1991-2020 and 12.0 C (53.7 F) in 2011-2025, a change of +1.0 C (+1.7 F) from the first period to the latest.
Mean annual rain, from years with at least 329 days of rain data, was 873.0 mm (34.4 in) in 1961-1990, 902.0 mm (35.5 in) in 1991-2020 and 902.5 mm (35.5 in) in 2011-2025, a change of +3.4% from the first period to the latest.
Of the 600 stations on the map, 513 were warmer in 2011-2025 than in 1961-1990 and 82 were cooler.
442 of the 581 stations on the map with a rain figure had more rain and 137 had less.
Three periods
| Period | Mean temperature | Annual rain |
|---|---|---|
| 1961-1990 | 11.1 C (51.9 F) | 873.0 mm (34.4 in) |
| 1991-2020 | 11.7 C (53.0 F) | 902.0 mm (35.5 in) |
| 2011-2025 | 12.0 C (53.7 F) | 902.5 mm (35.5 in) |
| Change, 1991-2020 against 1961-1990 | +0.6 C (+1.0 F) | +3.3% |
| Change, 2011-2025 against 1961-1990 | +1.0 C (+1.7 F) | +3.4% |
Based on 2,146 stations with at least 20 complete years in 1961-1990 and in 1991-2020 and at least 8 in 2011-2025. The periods 1991-2020 and 2011-2025 overlap. Scope means are weighted by grid cell, as in the warming series; rain counts years with at least 329 days of rain data.
Longest Hot, Cold, Wet and Dry Streaks: North America
7 lists of 10- In North America, the longest run of hot days in a row in the data is 200 days, at Badiraguato (Smn) (Mexico), from 21 March 1979 to 6 October 1979.
- In North America, the longest run of days in a row at or above 40 C in the data is 144 days, at El Mayor (Mexico), from 26 May 2010 to 16 October 2010.
- In North America, the longest run of frost days in a row in the data is 345 days, at Isachsen (Canada), from 21 August 1960 to 31 July 1961.
- In North America, the longest run of ice days in a row in the data is 293 days, at Alert (Canada), from 25 August 1956 to 13 June 1957.
- In North America, the longest run of dry days in a row in the data is 350 days, at San Luis Rio Colorado (Smn) (Mexico), in 1943.
- In North America, the longest run of wet days in a row in the data is 161 days, at San Jeronimo (Mexico), in 1995.
- In North America, the longest run of longest run of nights at or above 25 c in the data is 178 days, at San Juan L M Marin Intl AP (Puerto Rico [United States]), from 5 May 2024 to 29 October 2024.
Longest run of days at or above 35 C
Consecutive days with a daily maximum at or above 35 C (95 F).
| Rank | Station | Country | Length | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Badiraguato (Smn) | Mexico | 200 days | 21 March to 6 October 1979 |
| 2 | Navojoa (Ffcc) | Mexico | 199 days | 5 May to 19 November 1934 |
| 3 | Ojinaga (Smn) | Mexico | 198 days | 24 April to 7 November 1946 |
| 4 | San Juan Peyotan | Mexico | 198 days | 15 February to 31 August 2002 |
| 5 | Totolapa (Smn) | Mexico | 197 days | 22 November 1957 to 6 June 1958 |
| 6 | Ayutla (Cfe) | Mexico | 197 days | 1 December 1973 to 15 June 1974 |
| 7 | Antunez | Mexico | 197 days | 5 February to 20 August 1998 |
| 8 | El Dorado | Mexico | 196 days | 31 October 1993 to 14 May 1994 |
| 9 | Buctzotz | Mexico | 196 days | 7 May to 18 November 2003 |
| 10 | Mozomboa | Mexico | 195 days | 10 May to 20 November 1992 |
Longest run of days at or above 40 C
Consecutive days with a daily maximum at or above 40 C (104 F).
| Rank | Station | Country | Length | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | El Mayor | Mexico | 144 days | 26 May to 16 October 2010 |
| 2 | Ayutla (Cfe) | Mexico | 139 days | 26 January to 13 June 1974 |
| 3 | Aratichanguio | Mexico | 136 days | 7 February to 22 June 2011 |
| 4 | Navojoa (Ffcc) | Mexico | 133 days | 27 June to 6 November 1940 |
| 5 | Ciudad Obregon (Ffcc) | Mexico | 123 days | 11 May to 10 September 1943 |
| 6 | Death Valley Np | United States | 121 days | 31 May to 28 September 1974 |
| 7 | El Cajon | Mexico | 120 days | 17 February to 16 June 2009 |
| 8 | Mohawk | United States | 119 days | 2 June to 28 September 1911 |
| 9 | Greenland Rch | United States | 118 days | 27 May to 21 September 1960 |
| 10 | Santiago Astata (Smn) | Mexico | 118 days | 9 February to 6 June 1978 |
Longest run of frost days (minimum at or below 0 C)
Consecutive days with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F).
| Rank | Station | Country | Length | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isachsen | Canada | 345 days | 21 August 1960 to 31 July 1961 |
| 2 | Clyde A | Canada | 342 days | 25 July 1965 to 1 July 1966 |
| 3 | Resolute Cars | Canada | 332 days | 18 August 1975 to 14 July 1976 |
| 4 | Alert | Canada | 328 days | 14 August 1951 to 6 July 1952 |
| 5 | Rea Point | Canada | 327 days | 6 August 1978 to 28 June 1979 |
| 6 | Dewar Lakes | Canada | 324 days | 27 August 1971 to 15 July 1972 |
| 7 | Barrow AP | United States | 323 days | 9 August 1955 to 26 June 1956 |
| 8 | Nottingham Island | Canada | 322 days | 6 August 1942 to 23 June 1943 |
| 9 | Mould Bay A | Canada | 318 days | 13 August 1953 to 26 June 1954 |
| 10 | Cape Hooper | Canada | 318 days | 14 August 1972 to 27 June 1973 |
Longest run of ice days (maximum at or below 0 C)
Consecutive days with a daily maximum at or below 0 C (32 F).
| Rank | Station | Country | Length | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Alert | Canada | 293 days | 25 August 1956 to 13 June 1957 |
| 2 | Isachsen | Canada | 291 days | 20 August 1956 to 6 June 1957 |
| 3 | Resolute Cars | Canada | 284 days | 27 August 1956 to 6 June 1957 |
| 4 | Mackar Inlet | Canada | 282 days | 6 September 1979 to 13 June 1980 |
| 5 | Mould Bay A | Canada | 281 days | 22 August 1961 to 29 May 1962 |
| 6 | Station Nord | Greenland [Denmark] | 281 days | 29 August 1963 to 4 June 1964 |
| 7 | Pelly Bay | Canada | 280 days | 29 August 1961 to 4 June 1962 |
| 8 | Dewar Lakes | Canada | 279 days | 11 September 1977 to 16 June 1978 |
| 9 | Eureka | Canada | 279 days | 6 September 1979 to 10 June 1980 |
| 10 | Rea Point | Canada | 273 days | 11 September 1971 to 9 June 1972 |
Longest dry spell (days under 1 mm of rain), within one year
Consecutive days with less than 1 mm (0.04 in) of rain, the longest run within a year. The dates are not kept, so the list gives the year (within the year).
| Rank | Station | Country | Length | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | San Luis Rio Colorado (Smn) | Mexico | 350 days | within 1943 |
| 2 | Santa Rosalita | Mexico | 348 days | within 1990 |
| 3 | El Rosario | Mexico | 347 days | within 1955 |
| 4 | Ascencion (Smn) | Mexico | 342 days | within 1911 |
| 5 | Jesus Maria (Smn) | Mexico | 342 days | within 1961 |
| 6 | La Poza Grande | Mexico | 342 days | within 1979 |
| 7 | San Jose de Gracia | Mexico | 342 days | within 1988 |
| 8 | Santa Rosalia (Dge) | Mexico | 342 days | within 1988 |
| 9 | El Socorro | Mexico | 342 days | within 2010 |
| 10 | El Rosarito | Mexico | 341 days | within 1979 |
Longest wet spell (days with 1 mm or more of rain), within one year
Consecutive days with 1 mm (0.04 in) or more of rain, the longest run within a year. The dates are not kept, so the list gives the year (within the year).
| Rank | Station | Country | Length | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | San Jeronimo | Mexico | 161 days | within 1995 |
| 2 | Zitlaltepec | Mexico | 121 days | within 1962 |
| 3 | Finca Chayabe | Mexico | 94 days | within 1960 |
| 4 | Pico del Este | Puerto Rico [United States] | 94 days | within 1999 |
| 5 | Kawainui Upper | United States | 93 days | within 1925 |
| 6 | El Ojito de Camellones | Mexico | 92 days | within 1999 |
| 7 | Temascaltepec | Mexico | 87 days | within 2008 |
| 8 | Mt Waialeale 1047 | United States | 86 days | within 1951 |
| 9 | San Lorenzo 1SW | Puerto Rico [United States] | 85 days | within 2005 |
| 10 | Kopiluila | United States | 82 days | within 1914 |
Longest run of nights at or above 25 C
| Rank | Station | Country | Length | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | San Juan L M Marin Intl AP | Puerto Rico [United States] | 178 days | 5 May to 29 October 2024 |
| 2 | Cayo Arenas | Mexico | 173 days | 18 April to 7 October 1935 |
| 3 | Copainala | Mexico | 159 days | 7 June to 12 November 1962 |
| 4 | Isla Perez | Mexico | 158 days | 25 May to 29 October 1970 |
| 5 | Apatzingan (Smn) | Mexico | 157 days | 8 March to 11 August 1977 |
| 6 | Key West NAS | United States | 136 days | 3 June to 16 October 2024 |
| 7 | Cayo Arcas | Mexico | 134 days | 10 May to 20 September 1938 |
| 8 | Porfirio Diaz | Mexico | 133 days | 5 June to 15 October 1978 |
| 9 | Zaragoza (Smn) | Mexico | 131 days | 9 May to 16 September 1962 |
| 10 | La Alberca | Mexico | 131 days | 30 April to 7 September 2008 |
A run belongs to the year it started in, even when it ran on into the next year. A station appears once per list, with its longest run in a complete year. Dry and wet spells are the longest run within a year. Lists use complete years only, so a long run in a year with gaps in the record is not counted.
Snow Cover and Heavy Snowfall by Decade: North America
1,528 stations, fixed set- In North America, the mean number of days per season with snow on the ground (25 mm or more, 1.0 in) at 1,528 stations fell from 53.0 to 43.0 between the 1960s and the 2020s.
- In North America, the mean number of heavy snowfall days per season (100 mm or more, 3.9 in, in a day) fell from 3.16 to 2.56 between the 1960s and the 2020s.
- In North America, mean seasonal snowfall fell from 105.5 to 89.7 cm between the 1960s and the 2020s (105.5 cm (41.5 in) and 89.7 cm (35.3 in)).
- The trend in snow cover days is -1.1 days per decade (95 percent interval -2.3 to +0.1), fitted to 66 seasons from 1960 to 2025. The interval includes zero, so the series does not separate a trend from year to year variation.
- The snowiest season in the data is 1971-72 at Rainier Paradise Rs (United States), with 2,849.9 cm (1,122.0 in) of snowfall.
Days with snow on the ground per season
| Decade | Mean cover days per season |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 53.0 |
| 1970s | 55.5 |
| 1980s | 46.8 |
| 1990s | 45.0 |
| 2000s | 48.3 |
| 2010s | 51.7 |
| 2020s | 43.0 |
Heavy snowfall days per season
| Decade | Mean heavy snowfall days per season |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 3.16 |
| 1970s | 3.31 |
| 1980s | 2.95 |
| 1990s | 3.10 |
| 2000s | 3.04 |
| 2010s | 3.13 |
| 2020s | 2.56 |
Snowfall per season
| Decade | Mean snowfall per season, cm |
|---|---|
| 1960s | 105.5 cm (41.5 in) |
| 1970s | 111.2 cm (43.8 in) |
| 1980s | 98.5 cm (38.8 in) |
| 1990s | 102.0 cm (40.1 in) |
| 2000s | 102.8 cm (40.5 in) |
| 2010s | 106.8 cm (42.0 in) |
| 2020s | 89.7 cm (35.3 in) |
The snowiest seasons
| Rank | Station | Country | Season | Snowfall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rainier Paradise Rs | United States | 1971-72 | 2,849.9 cm (1,122.0 in) |
| 2 | Rainier Paradise Rs | United States | 1973-74 | 2,720.3 cm (1,071.0 in) |
| 3 | Rainier Paradise Rs | United States | 1970-71 | 2,593.6 cm (1,021.1 in) |
| 4 | Rainier Paradise Rs | United States | 1998-99 | 2,444.9 cm (962.6 in) |
| 5 | Rainier Paradise Rs | United States | 2010-11 | 2,183.1 cm (859.5 in) |
| 6 | Alta | United States | 1982-83 | 2,157.6 cm (849.4 in) |
| 7 | Rainier Paradise Rs | United States | 1975-76 | 2,157.4 cm (849.4 in) |
| 8 | Crater Lake Nps HQ | United States | 1932-33 | 2,103.0 cm (828.0 in) |
| 9 | Rainier Paradise Rs | United States | 1955-56 | 2,098.9 cm (826.3 in) |
| 10 | Crater Lake Nps HQ | United States | 1951-52 | 2,097.4 cm (825.7 in) |
A snow season runs from 1 July to 30 June and is labelled by the year it starts in, so 2009-10 is the season of 2009. A season is complete when at least 150 days report snow depth. The set holds stations at 20 degrees north or further north with at least 5 snow cover days per season on average in 1961-1990 and complete seasons in every decade.
Biggest One Day Temperature Swings: North America
5 lists of 10- In North America, the largest reported one day rise in the daily maximum is 44.4 C (79.9 F), at Entrance (Canada) on 25 February 1957.
- In North America, the largest reported one day drop in the daily maximum is 45.6 C (82.1 F), at Midwest (United States) on 1 February 1989.
- In North America, the largest reported one day rise in the daily minimum is 45.0 C (81.0 F), at Fort McPherson (Canada) on 28 December 1927.
- In North America, the largest reported one day drop in the daily minimum is 42.8 C (77.0 F), at Allakaket (United States) on 25 February 1943.
- In North America, the largest reported range between the high and the low of one day is 54.4 C (97.9 F), at Candle (United States) on 27 December 1909.
Caveat.Single readings can still be instrument errors that quality control missed. A station with one faulty value can top a list, so read each entry as a reported value, not as a confirmed event.
Biggest one day rise in the daily maximum
The largest increase in the daily maximum temperature from one day to the next. Values are in degrees Celsius with Fahrenheit beside them.
| Rank | Station | Country | Value | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Entrance | Canada | 44.4 C (79.9 F) | 25 February 1957 |
| 2 | University Camp | United States | 43.3 C (77.9 F) | 3 February 2011 |
| 3 | Klintonel | Canada | 38.9 C (70.0 F) | 29 December 1917 |
| 4 | Fort McPherson | Canada | 38.9 C (70.0 F) | 27 December 1927 |
| 5 | Manley Hot Springs | United States | 38.9 C (70.0 F) | 1 January 1981 |
| 6 | Big Delta AP | United States | 38.8 C (69.8 F) | 17 January 1980 |
| 7 | Ekalaka | United States | 38.3 C (68.9 F) | 17 March 1902 |
| 8 | Loma | United States | 38.3 C (68.9 F) | 15 January 1972 |
| 9 | Usta 8 WNW Kelly Rch | United States | 38.3 C (68.9 F) | 23 December 1989 |
| 10 | Augusta | United States | 37.7 C (67.9 F) | 29 December 1917 |
Biggest one day drop in the daily maximum
The largest decrease in the daily maximum temperature from one day to the next. Values are in degrees Celsius with Fahrenheit beside them.
| Rank | Station | Country | Value | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Midwest | United States | 45.6 C (82.1 F) | 1 February 1989 |
| 2 | Loma | United States | 43.9 C (79.0 F) | 1 February 1989 |
| 3 | Sun Rvr 4 S | United States | 43.9 C (79.0 F) | 1 February 1989 |
| 4 | Utica | United States | 43.3 C (77.9 F) | 15 December 1924 |
| 5 | Fairfield | United States | 43.3 C (77.9 F) | 31 January 1989 |
| 6 | Rogers Pass 9 NNE | United States | 43.3 C (77.9 F) | 1 February 1989 |
| 7 | Holter Dam | United States | 42.8 C (77.0 F) | 16 December 1924 |
| 8 | Conrad | United States | 42.7 C (76.9 F) | 1 February 1989 |
| 9 | Grass Range | United States | 42.7 C (76.9 F) | 1 February 1989 |
| 10 | Geraldine | United States | 42.3 C (76.1 F) | 1 February 1989 |
Biggest one day rise in the daily minimum
The largest increase in the daily minimum temperature from one day to the next. Values are in degrees Celsius with Fahrenheit beside them.
| Rank | Station | Country | Value | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fort McPherson | Canada | 45.0 C (81.0 F) | 28 December 1927 |
| 2 | Pokegama Dam | United States | 43.9 C (79.0 F) | 9 January 1894 |
| 3 | Wabasca | Canada | 42.8 C (77.0 F) | 2 January 1918 |
| 4 | Cut Bank AP | United States | 42.2 C (76.0 F) | 17 December 1979 |
| 5 | Hudson Hope | Canada | 41.7 C (75.1 F) | 25 January 1934 |
| 6 | St Come | Canada | 40.6 C (73.1 F) | 12 February 1951 |
| 7 | Stanford | United States | 40.6 C (73.1 F) | 23 December 1989 |
| 8 | High Prairie | Canada | 40.5 C (72.9 F) | 25 January 1934 |
| 9 | Aniak AP | United States | 40.5 C (72.9 F) | 17 March 1971 |
| 10 | Pennant | Canada | 40.5 C (72.9 F) | 16 January 1972 |
Biggest one day drop in the daily minimum
The largest decrease in the daily minimum temperature from one day to the next. Values are in degrees Celsius with Fahrenheit beside them.
| Rank | Station | Country | Value | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Allakaket | United States | 42.8 C (77.0 F) | 25 February 1943 |
| 2 | Browning | United States | 41.7 C (75.1 F) | 24 January 1916 |
| 3 | Moccasin Exp STN | United States | 41.6 C (74.9 F) | 14 December 1924 |
| 4 | Gibson Dam | United States | 41.1 C (74.0 F) | 15 December 1924 |
| 5 | White Mtn | United States | 40.5 C (72.9 F) | 13 March 1945 |
| 6 | Maniwaki 2 | Canada | 40.0 C (72.0 F) | 2 January 1918 |
| 7 | Manouan Sanmaur | Canada | 38.9 C (70.0 F) | 6 March 1920 |
| 8 | Fort Good Hope 2 | Canada | 38.9 C (70.0 F) | 2 March 1928 |
| 9 | East Anaconda | United States | 38.4 C (69.1 F) | 16 December 1924 |
| 10 | Great Falls AP | United States | 38.4 C (69.1 F) | 31 January 1989 |
Widest range between the high and the low of one day
The largest difference between the highest and the lowest temperature of the same day. Values are in degrees Celsius with Fahrenheit beside them.
| Rank | Station | Country | Value | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Candle | United States | 54.4 C (97.9 F) | 27 December 1909 |
| 2 | Antigo | United States | 52.8 C (95.0 F) | 1 January 1899 |
| 3 | Greeley | United States | 52.7 C (94.9 F) | 9 December 1919 |
| 4 | Carson | United States | 52.2 C (94.0 F) | 2 March 1913 |
| 5 | Browning | United States | 51.7 C (93.1 F) | 24 January 1916 |
| 6 | Wiseman | United States | 51.1 C (92.0 F) | 20 February 2012 |
| 7 | Lake Yellowstone | United States | 50.6 C (91.1 F) | 13 January 1917 |
| 8 | Chambers | United States | 50.5 C (90.9 F) | 29 February 1940 |
| 9 | Salem | United States | 50.5 C (90.9 F) | 28 January 1994 |
| 10 | Ft Benton | United States | 50.0 C (90.0 F) | 24 January 1906 |
Only stations with at least 10 complete years are listed, and a station appears once per list.
Hot and Dry Summers: North America
6,911 stations with a 1961-1990 record- In North America, the share of stations with a hot and dry summer is shown for each year from 1893 to 2026, for 6,911 stations with at least 20 complete summers in 1961-1990. Each year counts the stations of that set with a complete summer in the year.
- In North America, 9.1% of station summers in 1961-1990 were hot and dry (183,690 station summers).
- In North America, 14.7% of station summers in 2012-2026 were hot and dry (38,332 station summers).
- In North America, 1894 had the highest share: 42.9% of 373 stations (160).
A summer is hot when its mean daily maximum is at or above the station's 80th percentile of its 1961-1990 summers, and dry when its rain is at or below the 20th percentile. A summer is hot and dry when it is both. Summer is June to August north of the equator and December to February south of it, labelled by the year of its first month.
Share of stations with a hot and dry summer
| Summer | Stations with a hot and dry summer |
|---|---|
| 1893 | 17.1% |
| 1894 | 42.9% |
| 1895 | 9.0% |
| 1896 | 7.8% |
| 1897 | 6.7% |
| 1898 | 10.0% |
| 1899 | 15.2% |
| 1900 | 11.6% |
| 1901 | 29.1% |
| 1902 | 12.3% |
| 1903 | 2.3% |
| 1904 | 3.0% |
| 1905 | 4.7% |
| 1906 | 4.3% |
| 1907 | 3.8% |
| 1908 | 8.8% |
| 1909 | 7.5% |
| 1910 | 19.5% |
| 1911 | 15.1% |
| 1912 | 2.0% |
| 1913 | 27.8% |
| 1914 | 13.7% |
| 1915 | 4.0% |
| 1916 | 9.1% |
| 1917 | 11.1% |
| 1918 | 21.0% |
| 1919 | 21.7% |
| 1920 | 3.8% |
| 1921 | 16.0% |
| 1922 | 18.1% |
| 1923 | 8.2% |
| 1924 | 16.2% |
| 1925 | 19.5% |
| 1926 | 9.8% |
| 1927 | 3.8% |
| 1928 | 6.1% |
| 1929 | 15.9% |
| 1930 | 38.4% |
| 1931 | 23.5% |
| 1932 | 11.2% |
| 1933 | 31.8% |
| 1934 | 30.0% |
| 1935 | 11.5% |
| 1936 | 41.7% |
| 1937 | 14.0% |
| 1938 | 13.0% |
| 1939 | 13.8% |
| 1940 | 19.8% |
| 1941 | 7.9% |
| 1942 | 6.6% |
| 1943 | 16.7% |
| 1944 | 15.7% |
| 1945 | 6.4% |
| 1946 | 8.1% |
| 1947 | 7.1% |
| 1948 | 10.0% |
| 1949 | 13.7% |
| 1950 | 3.5% |
| 1951 | 10.8% |
| 1952 | 20.5% |
| 1953 | 21.8% |
| 1954 | 21.1% |
| 1955 | 10.4% |
| 1956 | 13.4% |
| 1957 | 13.4% |
| 1958 | 7.8% |
| 1959 | 14.7% |
| 1960 | 14.6% |
| 1961 | 13.5% |
| 1962 | 9.6% |
| 1963 | 7.0% |
| 1964 | 8.3% |
| 1965 | 2.8% |
| 1966 | 10.3% |
| 1967 | 9.3% |
| 1968 | 4.2% |
| 1969 | 6.7% |
| 1970 | 13.2% |
| 1971 | 5.3% |
| 1972 | 2.4% |
| 1973 | 7.4% |
| 1974 | 5.5% |
| 1975 | 4.4% |
| 1976 | 9.0% |
| 1977 | 7.5% |
| 1978 | 8.3% |
| 1979 | 5.2% |
| 1980 | 25.5% |
| 1981 | 7.8% |
| 1982 | 12.4% |
| 1983 | 20.7% |
| 1984 | 7.4% |
| 1985 | 5.9% |
| 1986 | 8.4% |
| 1987 | 8.8% |
| 1988 | 24.6% |
| 1989 | 6.7% |
| 1990 | 7.1% |
| 1991 | 13.0% |
| 1992 | 3.7% |
| 1993 | 10.5% |
| 1994 | 16.2% |
| 1995 | 10.1% |
| 1996 | 10.8% |
| 1997 | 9.1% |
| 1998 | 16.1% |
| 1999 | 10.0% |
| 2000 | 14.0% |
| 2001 | 11.8% |
| 2002 | 23.5% |
| 2003 | 14.2% |
| 2004 | 6.1% |
| 2005 | 10.3% |
| 2006 | 17.9% |
| 2007 | 16.6% |
| 2008 | 7.0% |
| 2009 | 12.6% |
| 2010 | 8.6% |
| 2011 | 23.1% |
| 2012 | 31.4% |
| 2013 | 7.0% |
| 2014 | 3.3% |
| 2015 | 9.0% |
| 2016 | 15.3% |
| 2017 | 12.5% |
| 2018 | 14.3% |
| 2019 | 10.2% |
| 2020 | 20.4% |
| 2021 | 17.7% |
| 2022 | 14.0% |
| 2023 | 15.5% |
| 2024 | 15.7% |
| 2025 | 15.5% |
| 2026 | 17.7% |
The ten most extreme station summers
| Rank | Station | Country | Summer | Mean daily maximum vs 1961-1990 | Rain, percent of 1961-1990 mean |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kula Sanatorium 267 | United States | 1941 | +4.0 C (+7.2 F) | 124% |
| 2 | Presa Pucuato | Mexico | 1993 | +4.6 C (+8.2 F) | 64% |
| 3 | Kula Sanatorium 267 | United States | 1940 | +3.2 C (+5.8 F) | 128% |
| 4 | El Copital | Mexico | 1997 | +4.5 C (+8.2 F) | 61% |
| 5 | Kula Sanatorium 267 | United States | 1937 | +3.1 C (+5.6 F) | 143% |
| 6 | Spicer | United States | 1919 | +4.8 C (+8.7 F) | 21% |
| 7 | Crawfordsville Pwr Plt | United States | 1933 | +4.4 C (+7.8 F) | 31% |
| 8 | Champoton (Smn) | Mexico | 1923 | +5.0 C (+9.0 F) | 63% |
| 9 | Bull Harbour | Canada | 1923 | +4.6 C (+8.2 F) | 34% |
| 10 | Crescent City 3 NNW | United States | 1932 | +4.9 C (+8.7 F) | 33% |
Ranked by the temperature z score minus the rain z score against the station's own 1961-1990 mean and standard deviation (at least 0.3 C and 5 mm). A summer is labelled by the year of its first month.
Countries in North America
5 with station recordsDownload the Data
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-17. Trends and counts are computed by this site from daily station records. The long-record station set is described under each chart.