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Data as of 2026-10-12
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Built 2026-10-14 (14 October 2026)

Warming by Country and Region

Warming per decade for 27 countries and continents from long-record stations, from -0.12 to +0.45 C, with the interval and the station count for each.

Data as of . Last revised (2026-10-12).

Key Facts

  • Worldwide, long-record stations warmed +0.23 C per decade (+0.42 F) (95 percent interval +0.19 to +0.28 C, 3,978 stations, 1951 to 2025).
  • By continent, the trend per decade runs from +0.16 to +0.31 C.
  • Among 22 countries, the largest trend is +0.45 C per decade (+0.81 F) for Slovenia (11 stations).
  • 21 of 22 countries have a 95 percent interval wholly above zero.
  • Each trend is the least squares slope of the annual anomaly series of a fixed set of long-record stations against their own 1961-1990 means, and the interval allows for year to year persistence.

Warming

World, against 1961-1990
Annual mean temperature against the 1961-1990 mean, World Annual mean temperature of the long-record stations in the world as a difference from each station's own 1961-1990 mean, 1951 to 2025. 3,978 stations in 356 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees, area weighted. Years with too little coverage are left blank and the line or columns are not drawn across the gap; the earliest and latest years can rest on fewer of these stations than the middle years. The station set does not change from year to year. -1.0 -0.5 0.0 +0.5 +1.0 +1.5 +2.0 1951195919671975198319911999200720152023
Annual mean temperature of the long-record stations in the world as a difference from each station's own 1961-1990 mean, 1951 to 2025. 3,978 stations in 356 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees, area weighted. Years with too little coverage are left blank and the line or columns are not drawn across the gap; the earliest and latest years can rest on fewer of these stations than the middle years. The station set does not change from year to year. Zero line: each station's own 1961-1990 mean.
Annual mean temperature against the 1961-1990 mean, World
YearDifference from the 1961-1990 mean
1951-0.06 C
1952-0.29 C
1953+0.24 C
1954-0.15 C
1955-0.27 C
1956-0.65 C
1957-0.03 C
1958-0.18 C
1959+0.16 C
1960-0.23 C
1961+0.19 C
1962+0.10 C
1963+0.01 C
1964-0.30 C
1965-0.32 C
1966-0.38 C
1967+0.05 C
1968-0.27 C
1969-0.65 C
1970-0.23 C
1971-0.15 C
1972-0.22 C
1973+0.18 C
1974-0.18 C
1975+0.25 C
1976-0.50 C
1977-0.04 C
1978-0.14 C
1979-0.12 C
1980+0.01 C
1981+0.42 C
1982+0.07 C
1983+0.47 C
1984-0.13 C
1985-0.24 C
1986+0.19 C
1987-0.08 C
1988+0.49 C
1989+0.55 C
1990+0.83 C
1991+0.58 C
1992+0.24 C
1993+0.18 C
1994+0.46 C
1995+0.85 C
1996+0.16 C
1997+0.53 C
1998+0.70 C
1999+0.59 C
2000+0.59 C
2001+0.62 C
2002+0.87 C
2003+0.83 C
2004+0.74 C
2005+0.98 C
2006+0.79 C
2007+1.26 C
2008+0.86 C
2009+0.67 C
2010+0.61 C
2011+0.82 C
2012+0.82 C
2013+0.95 C
2014+1.06 C
2015+1.47 C
2016+1.45 C
2017+1.38 C
2018+1.17 C
2019+1.05 C
2020+1.26 C
2021+1.02 C
2022+1.07 C
2023+1.35 C
2024+1.65 C
2025+1.45 C

From 1951 to 2025, the long-record stations in the world warmed by +0.23 C per decade (+0.42 F) (95 percent interval +0.19 to +0.28 C), from 3,978 stations in 356 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees, each measured against its own 1961-1990 mean.

The latest year in the series, 2025, was +1.5 C (+2.6 F) against the 1961-1990 mean.

The five warmest years in the series are 2024 (+1.65 C), 2015 (+1.47 C), 2025 (+1.45 C), 2016 (+1.45 C) and 2017 (+1.38 C).

Trend

Warming trend per decade, World
MeasureTrend per decade (C)95% interval (C)YearsStations
Annual mean temperature+0.23+0.19 to +0.281951 to 20253,978

Warmest and coolest years in the series

Warmest and coolest years of the 1961-1990 anomaly series, World
RankWarmest yearDifference from meanCoolest yearDifference from mean
12024+1.65 C1956-0.65 C
22015+1.47 C1969-0.65 C
32025+1.45 C1976-0.50 C
42016+1.45 C1966-0.38 C
52017+1.38 C1965-0.32 C

3,978 stations in 356 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees. Each station is compared with its own 1961-1990 mean, so stations at different heights and latitudes can be averaged. Stations are averaged within each grid cell and cells are weighted by the cosine of latitude.

Continents

Warming per decade, largest first

4 continents have a warming trend. In 4 of them the whole 95 percent interval is above zero.

The largest trend is +0.31 C per decade (+0.55 F) for Europe (interval +0.24 to +0.37 C, 1,168 stations, 1951 to 2018).

The smallest is +0.16 C per decade (+0.29 F) for Oceania (interval +0.13 to +0.19 C, 134 stations, 1951 to 2025).

The median trend over these continents is +0.21 C per decade (+0.38 F).

Warming per decade by continent, with the 95 percent interval and the number of stations
RankPlaceTrend per decade (C)95% interval (C)YearsStations
1Europe+0.31+0.24 to +0.371951 to 20181,168
2Asia+0.26+0.20 to +0.321951 to 2025172
3North America+0.16+0.11 to +0.221951 to 20252,498
4Oceania+0.16+0.13 to +0.191951 to 2025134
n/aAfrican/an/an/a6
n/aSouth American/an/an/a0

Countries

119 with long-record stations

22 countries have a warming trend. In 21 of them the whole 95 percent interval is above zero.

The largest trend is +0.45 C per decade (+0.81 F) for Slovenia (interval +0.36 to +0.54 C, 11 stations, 1961 to 2022).

The smallest is -0.12 C per decade (-0.22 F) for South Africa (interval -0.32 to +0.07 C, 6 stations, 1959 to 2024).

The median trend over these countries is +0.28 C per decade (+0.51 F).

Warming per decade by country, with the 95 percent interval and the number of stations
RankPlaceTrend per decade (C)95% interval (C)YearsStations
1Slovenia+0.45+0.36 to +0.541961 to 202211
2Austria+0.40+0.32 to +0.481951 to 20256
3Finland+0.39+0.25 to +0.531959 to 202568
4Estonia+0.37+0.26 to +0.481951 to 202516
5Russia+0.33+0.26 to +0.401951 to 2018438
6France+0.32+0.25 to +0.391951 to 202540
7Sweden+0.32+0.21 to +0.431951 to 202585
8Netherlands+0.32+0.23 to +0.401951 to 202514
9Germany+0.30+0.22 to +0.391951 to 2025244
10Norway+0.30+0.20 to +0.401951 to 202555
11Croatia+0.28+0.19 to +0.371951 to 202313
12Romania+0.28+0.18 to +0.381951 to 202520
13Switzerland+0.28+0.20 to +0.361951 to 20258
14Spain+0.28+0.21 to +0.341951 to 202563
15Hungary+0.28+0.17 to +0.391951 to 20205
16China+0.26+0.19 to +0.331951 to 2025159
17United Kingdom+0.21+0.15 to +0.271951 to 202558
18Thailand+0.20+0.16 to +0.241951 to 20226
19Australia+0.17+0.13 to +0.201951 to 2025127
20United States+0.17+0.11 to +0.221951 to 20252,488
21Puerto Rico [United States]+0.13+0.08 to +0.191952 to 20255
22South Africa-0.12-0.32 to +0.071959 to 20246
n/aAlgerian/an/an/a0
n/aArgentinan/an/an/a0
n/aArmenian/an/an/a0
n/aAzerbaijann/an/an/a0
n/aBangladeshn/an/an/a0
n/aBelarusn/an/an/a2
n/aBeninn/an/an/a0
n/aBolivian/an/an/a0
n/aBotswanan/an/an/a0
n/aBraziln/an/an/a0
n/aBurkina Fason/an/an/a0
n/aBurman/an/an/a0
n/aCanadan/an/an/a0
n/aCentral African Republicn/an/an/a0
n/aChadn/an/an/a0
n/aChilen/an/an/a0
n/aColombian/an/an/a0
n/aCongo (Brazzaville)n/an/an/a0
n/aCote D'Ivoiren/an/an/a0
n/aCyprusn/an/an/a0
n/aCzech Republicn/an/an/a0
n/aDenmarkn/an/an/a1
n/aEgyptn/an/an/a0
n/aEthiopian/an/an/a0
n/aFederated States of Micronesian/an/an/a3
n/aFijin/an/an/a0
n/aFrench Polynesian/an/an/a0
n/aGabonn/an/an/a0
n/aGeorgian/an/an/a1
n/aGreecen/an/an/a0
n/aGreenland [Denmark]n/an/an/a4
n/aGuinean/an/an/a0
n/aIcelandn/an/an/a3
n/aIndian/an/an/a0
n/aIndonesian/an/an/a0
n/aIrann/an/an/a0
n/aIrelandn/an/an/a2
n/aIsraeln/an/an/a3
n/aItalyn/an/an/a0
n/aJapann/an/an/a0
n/aJordann/an/an/a0
n/aKazakhstann/an/an/a0
n/aKenyan/an/an/a0
n/aKorea, Northn/an/an/a0
n/aKorea, Southn/an/an/a0
n/aKuwaitn/an/an/a0
n/aKyrgyzstann/an/an/a0
n/aLaosn/an/an/a0
n/aLatvian/an/an/a1
n/aLebanonn/an/an/a0
n/aLibyan/an/an/a0
n/aLithuanian/an/an/a1
n/aLuxembourgn/an/an/a1
n/aMadagascarn/an/an/a0
n/aMalawin/an/an/a0
n/aMalaysian/an/an/a0
n/aMalin/an/an/a0
n/aMarshall Islandsn/an/an/a2
n/aMauritanian/an/an/a0
n/aMauritiusn/an/an/a0
n/aMexicon/an/an/a0
n/aMoldovan/an/an/a0
n/aMongolian/an/an/a0
n/aMoroccon/an/an/a0
n/aMozambiquen/an/an/a0
n/aNamibian/an/an/a0
n/aNew Zealandn/an/an/a0
n/aNigern/an/an/a0
n/aOmann/an/an/a0
n/aPakistann/an/an/a0
n/aParaguayn/an/an/a0
n/aPerun/an/an/a0
n/aPhilippinesn/an/an/a1
n/aPolandn/an/an/a0
n/aPortugaln/an/an/a1
n/aSaudi Arabian/an/an/a0
n/aSenegaln/an/an/a0
n/aSlovakian/an/an/a4
n/aSri Lankan/an/an/a0
n/aSudann/an/an/a0
n/aSwazilandn/an/an/a0
n/aSyrian/an/an/a0
n/aTajikistann/an/an/a0
n/aTanzanian/an/an/a0
n/aTogon/an/an/a0
n/aTunisian/an/an/a0
n/aTurkeyn/an/an/a0
n/aTurkmenistann/an/an/a0
n/aUgandan/an/an/a0
n/aUkrainen/an/an/a4
n/aUruguayn/an/an/a0
n/aUzbekistann/an/an/a2
n/aVanuatun/an/an/a0
n/aVenezuelan/an/an/a0
n/aVietnamn/an/an/a0
n/aZambian/an/an/a0
n/aZimbabwen/an/an/a0

Each trend is the slope of the annual temperature difference from the 1961-1990 mean for a fixed set of stations in the place (at least 50 complete years from 1951, at least 15 in 1961-1990 and 10 in the latest 20). Countries need 5 stations, continents 20 grid cells and the world 40. A short interval and many stations make a trend firmer; two places with overlapping intervals are not separated by the data. A trend is computed over the years shown in the Years column.

Download the Data

Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Climatology Network Daily (GHCN-Daily). Records are computed by World Extreme Weather Monitor and are not official NOAA products. (US Government open data (NOAA NCEI)) Data as of 2026-10-12. Trends are computed by this site from daily station records.