Key Facts

From 1951 to 2018, long-record stations in Europe warmed by +0.31 C per decade (+0.55 F) (95 percent interval +0.24 to +0.37 C), from 1,168 stations measured against each station's own 1961-1990 mean.
The latest year in the series for Europe, 2018, was +1.47 C against the 1961-1990 mean.
In Europe the daily minimum rose faster than the daily maximum, by 0.05 C per decade (the two intervals overlap).
Of 1,446 stations in Europe with at least 50 complete years of record, 212 had 2024 as their warmest year.
In Europe, the mean annual temperature of 1,057 stations changed by +1.55 C between the 1961-1990 and 2011-2025 periods.

Warming

Europe, against 1961-1990

Annual mean temperature of the long-record stations in Europe as a difference from each station's own 1961-1990 mean, 1951 to 2018. 1,168 stations in 185 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees, area weighted. Years with too little coverage are left blank and the line or columns are not drawn across the gap; the earliest and latest years can rest on fewer of these stations than the middle years. The station set does not change from year to year. Zero line: each station's own 1961-1990 mean.

Annual mean temperature against the 1961-1990 mean, Europe
Year	Difference from the 1961-1990 mean
1951	+0.09 C
1952	-0.67 C
1953	+0.19 C
1954	-0.32 C
1955	-0.34 C
1956	-0.92 C
1957	-0.02 C
1958	-0.58 C
1959	+0.27 C
1960	-0.43 C
1961	+0.42 C
1962	+0.31 C
1963	-0.08 C
1964	-0.43 C
1965	-0.65 C
1966	-0.71 C
1967	+0.43 C
1968	-0.30 C
1969	-1.28 C
1970	-0.30 C
1971	+0.05 C
1972	-0.25 C
1973	+0.13 C
1974	-0.10 C
1975	+0.80 C
1976	-0.62 C
1977	-0.26 C
1978	-0.25 C
1979	-0.39 C
1980	-0.32 C
1981	+0.53 C
1982	+0.20 C
1983	+0.87 C
1984	-0.05 C
1985	-0.47 C
1986	+0.09 C
1987	-0.80 C
1988	+0.63 C
1989	+1.19 C
1990	+1.25 C
1991	+0.75 C
1992	+0.46 C
1993	+0.31 C
1994	+0.53 C
1995	+1.51 C
1996	+0.22 C
1997	+0.82 C
1998	+0.26 C
1999	+0.61 C
2000	+0.89 C
2001	+0.70 C
2002	+1.10 C
2003	+1.13 C
2004	+0.90 C
2005	+1.30 C
2006	+0.75 C
2007	+1.84 C
2008	+1.61 C
2009	+0.78 C
2010	+0.58 C
2011	+1.49 C
2012	+1.10 C
2013	+1.32 C
2014	+1.48 C
2015	+1.93 C
2016	+1.62 C
2017	+1.79 C
2018	+1.47 C

From 1951 to 2018, the long-record stations in Europe warmed by +0.31 C per decade (+0.55 F) (95 percent interval +0.24 to +0.37 C), from 1,168 stations in 185 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees, each measured against its own 1961-1990 mean.

The latest year in the series, 2018, was +1.5 C (+2.6 F) against the 1961-1990 mean.

The five warmest years in the series are 2015 (+1.93 C), 2007 (+1.84 C), 2017 (+1.79 C), 2016 (+1.62 C) and 2008 (+1.61 C).

Trend

Warming trend per decade, Europe
Measure	Trend per decade (C)	95% interval (C)	Years	Stations
Annual mean temperature	+0.31	+0.24 to +0.37	1951 to 2018	1,168

Warmest and coolest years in the series

Warmest and coolest years of the 1961-1990 anomaly series, Europe
Rank	Warmest year	Difference from mean	Coolest year	Difference from mean
1	2015	+1.93 C	1969	-1.28 C
2	2007	+1.84 C	1956	-0.92 C
3	2017	+1.79 C	1987	-0.80 C
4	2016	+1.62 C	1966	-0.71 C
5	2008	+1.61 C	1952	-0.67 C

1,168 stations in 185 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees. Each station is compared with its own 1961-1990 mean, so stations at different heights and latitudes can be averaged. Stations are averaged within each grid cell and cells are weighted by the cosine of latitude.

Warmest Years

Europe, 1,446 stations

For each year 1794 to 2025, the number of the 1,446 stations in Europe with at least 50 complete years of record that had it as their warmest year on record. A station counts once, so the bars add up to 1,446.

Stations that had each year as their warmest on record, Europe
Year	Stations with this as their warmest year
1794	0
1795	0
1796	0
1797	0
1798	0
1799	0
1800	0
1801	0
1802	0
1803	0
1804	0
1805	0
1806	0
1807	0
1808	0
1809	0
1810	0
1811	0
1812	0
1813	0
1814	0
1815	0
1816	0
1817	0
1818	0
1819	0
1820	0
1821	0
1822	0
1823	0
1824	0
1825	0
1826	0
1827	0
1828	0
1829	0
1830	0
1831	0
1832	0
1833	0
1834	0
1835	0
1836	0
1837	0
1838	0
1839	0
1840	0
1841	0
1842	0
1843	0
1844	0
1845	0
1846	0
1847	0
1848	0
1849	0
1850	0
1851	0
1852	0
1853	0
1854	0
1855	0
1856	0
1857	0
1858	0
1859	0
1860	0
1861	0
1862	0
1863	0
1864	0
1865	0
1866	0
1867	0
1868	0
1869	0
1870	0
1871	0
1872	0
1873	0
1874	0
1875	0
1876	0
1877	0
1878	0
1879	0
1880	0
1881	0
1882	0
1883	0
1884	0
1885	0
1886	0
1887	0
1888	0
1889	0
1890	0
1891	0
1892	0
1893	0
1894	0
1895	0
1896	0
1897	1
1898	0
1899	0
1900	0
1901	0
1902	0
1903	0
1904	0
1905	0
1906	0
1907	0
1908	0
1909	0
1910	0
1911	0
1912	0
1913	0
1914	1
1915	0
1916	0
1917	0
1918	0
1919	0
1920	1
1921	1
1922	0
1923	0
1924	0
1925	0
1926	0
1927	0
1928	0
1929	0
1930	1
1931	0
1932	0
1933	0
1934	12
1935	0
1936	1
1937	1
1938	20
1939	1
1940	0
1941	0
1942	0
1943	3
1944	0
1945	1
1946	0
1947	1
1948	1
1949	6
1950	0
1951	0
1952	0
1953	2
1954	0
1955	0
1956	0
1957	0
1958	0
1959	4
1960	0
1961	2
1962	0
1963	0
1964	0
1965	0
1966	6
1967	3
1968	0
1969	0
1970	0
1971	0
1972	1
1973	0
1974	1
1975	7
1976	0
1977	0
1978	1
1979	0
1980	0
1981	0
1982	1
1983	1
1984	0
1985	0
1986	0
1987	0
1988	0
1989	23
1990	41
1991	0
1992	1
1993	2
1994	36
1995	64
1996	6
1997	7
1998	1
1999	4
2000	42
2001	3
2002	16
2003	5
2004	1
2005	7
2006	11
2007	58
2008	47
2009	0
2010	37
2011	33
2012	11
2013	3
2014	58
2015	88
2016	33
2017	26
2018	23
2019	19
2020	163
2021	1
2022	118
2023	96
2024	212
2025	69

Of the 1,446 stations in Europe with at least 50 complete years of record, 212 (14.7%) had 2024 as their warmest year on record.

The years that were the warmest on record at the most stations are 2024 (212 stations), 2020 (163 stations), 2022 (118 stations), 2023 (96 stations) and 2015 (88 stations).

659 of the 1,446 stations (45.6%) had their warmest year in the 2020s. That decade is not over.

By decade

Stations by the decade of their warmest year, Europe
Decade	Stations with their warmest year in it	Share of stations	Stations with one of their five warmest years in it
1790s	0	0.0%	1
1800s	0	0.0%	0
1810s	0	0.0%	0
1820s	0	0.0%	0
1830s	0	0.0%	1
1840s	0	0.0%	0
1850s	0	0.0%	0
1860s	0	0.0%	0
1870s	0	0.0%	0
1880s	0	0.0%	0
1890s	1	0.1%	4
1900s	0	0.0%	2
1910s	1	0.1%	8
1920s	2	0.1%	14
1930s	36	2.5%	114
1940s	12	0.8%	131
1950s	6	0.4%	61
1960s	11	0.8%	106
1970s	10	0.7%	94
1980s	25	1.7%	320
1990s	162	11.2%	747
2000s	190	13.1%	1,261
2010s	331	22.9%	2,182
2020s (to date)	659	45.6%	2,184

The set is the 1,446 stations with at least 50 complete years (all twelve months with 20 or more days of maximum and minimum). A station's warmest year is the one with the highest annual mean temperature, a tie going to the later year. The count describes these stations, not the whole area.

Days and Nights

Europe, against 1961-1990

Annual mean daily maximum, daily minimum and day-night range of the long-record stations in Europe as differences from each station's own 1961-1990 mean, 1951 to 2018. 1,168 stations in 185 grid cells of 5 by 5 degrees, area weighted. The station set does not change from year to year.

Daily maximum, daily minimum and day-night range against the 1961-1990 mean, Europe
Year	Daily maximum	Daily minimum	Day-night range (maximum minus minimum)
1951	+0.20 C	-0.01 C	+0.20 C
1952	-0.60 C	-0.75 C	+0.15 C
1953	+0.30 C	+0.08 C	+0.23 C
1954	-0.32 C	-0.33 C	+0.01 C
1955	-0.19 C	-0.48 C	+0.29 C
1956	-0.87 C	-0.96 C	+0.09 C
1957	+0.05 C	-0.09 C	+0.14 C
1958	-0.54 C	-0.61 C	+0.07 C
1959	+0.30 C	+0.25 C	+0.04 C
1960	-0.44 C	-0.43 C	-0.01 C
1961	+0.42 C	+0.41 C	0.00 C
1962	+0.33 C	+0.28 C	+0.04 C
1963	+0.04 C	-0.21 C	+0.25 C
1964	-0.31 C	-0.54 C	+0.23 C
1965	-0.63 C	-0.66 C	+0.03 C
1966	-0.65 C	-0.76 C	+0.12 C
1967	+0.53 C	+0.34 C	+0.18 C
1968	-0.22 C	-0.37 C	+0.16 C
1969	-1.29 C	-1.26 C	-0.03 C
1970	-0.27 C	-0.33 C	+0.06 C
1971	+0.11 C	-0.02 C	+0.14 C
1972	-0.28 C	-0.23 C	-0.05 C
1973	+0.24 C	+0.02 C	+0.22 C
1974	-0.14 C	-0.05 C	-0.09 C
1975	+0.90 C	+0.71 C	+0.19 C
1976	-0.54 C	-0.70 C	+0.16 C
1977	-0.32 C	-0.20 C	-0.12 C
1978	-0.33 C	-0.17 C	-0.16 C
1979	-0.40 C	-0.38 C	-0.02 C
1980	-0.37 C	-0.27 C	-0.10 C
1981	+0.49 C	+0.56 C	-0.07 C
1982	+0.16 C	+0.25 C	-0.09 C
1983	+0.81 C	+0.94 C	-0.13 C
1984	-0.15 C	+0.06 C	-0.22 C
1985	-0.56 C	-0.39 C	-0.17 C
1986	+0.06 C	+0.12 C	-0.06 C
1987	-0.89 C	-0.72 C	-0.17 C
1988	+0.60 C	+0.66 C	-0.06 C
1989	+1.19 C	+1.19 C	0.00 C
1990	+1.17 C	+1.32 C	-0.15 C
1991	+0.65 C	+0.84 C	-0.19 C
1992	+0.39 C	+0.52 C	-0.13 C
1993	+0.18 C	+0.43 C	-0.25 C
1994	+0.48 C	+0.58 C	-0.11 C
1995	+1.47 C	+1.56 C	-0.09 C
1996	+0.14 C	+0.29 C	-0.15 C
1997	+0.77 C	+0.87 C	-0.10 C
1998	+0.22 C	+0.30 C	-0.09 C
1999	+0.59 C	+0.64 C	-0.05 C
2000	+0.78 C	+1.01 C	-0.23 C
2001	+0.62 C	+0.78 C	-0.15 C
2002	+1.04 C	+1.16 C	-0.12 C
2003	+1.18 C	+1.09 C	+0.09 C
2004	+0.76 C	+1.03 C	-0.27 C
2005	+1.23 C	+1.36 C	-0.13 C
2006	+0.69 C	+0.81 C	-0.12 C
2007	+1.79 C	+1.89 C	-0.10 C
2008	+1.52 C	+1.71 C	-0.19 C
2009	+0.72 C	+0.83 C	-0.11 C
2010	+0.57 C	+0.60 C	-0.04 C
2011	+1.43 C	+1.54 C	-0.12 C
2012	+1.07 C	+1.12 C	-0.05 C
2013	+1.21 C	+1.42 C	-0.21 C
2014	+1.45 C	+1.51 C	-0.06 C
2015	+1.89 C	+1.96 C	-0.07 C
2016	+1.55 C	+1.70 C	-0.15 C
2017	+1.68 C	+1.89 C	-0.21 C
2018	+1.53 C	+1.42 C	+0.11 C

From 1951 to 2018, the daily maximum in Europe changed by +0.28 C per decade (+0.51 F) (95 percent interval +0.21 to +0.35 C) and the daily minimum by +0.33 C per decade (+0.59 F) (95 percent interval +0.26 to +0.40 C), from 1,168 stations.

The daily minimum rose faster, by 0.05 C per decade more than the daily maximum; the two intervals overlap, so the data do not separate them.

The day-night range (daily maximum minus daily minimum) changed by -0.05 C per decade (95 percent interval -0.06 to -0.03 C), which means the range narrowed.

Trends per decade

Trends in the daily maximum, the daily minimum and the day-night range, Europe
Measure	Trend per decade (C)	95% interval (C)	Years	Stations
Daily maximum	+0.28	+0.21 to +0.35	1951 to 2018	1,168
Daily minimum	+0.33	+0.26 to +0.40	1951 to 2018	1,168
Day-night range (maximum minus minimum)	-0.05	-0.06 to -0.03	1951 to 2018	1,168

The day-night range is the daily maximum minus the daily minimum, so a falling range means the minimum rose by more than the maximum. Intervals allow for year to year persistence in the series.

Hot Days, Warm Nights and Frost Days by Decade: Europe

Up to 590 stations per measure, fixed sets

In Europe, the mean number of days with a daily maximum at or above 30 C (86 F) per year at 590 stations rose from 6.8 to 13.3 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 14.8.
In Europe, the mean number of days with a daily maximum at or above 35 C (95 F) per year at 590 stations rose from 0.8 to 2.2 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 2.9.
In Europe, the mean number of days with a daily maximum at or above 40 C (104 F) per year at 590 stations rose from 0.0 to 0.1 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 0.2.
In Europe, the mean number of warm nights, with a daily minimum at or above 20 C (68 F) per year at 571 stations rose from 2.0 to 4.7 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 5.6.
In Europe, the mean number of frost days, with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F) per year at 571 stations fell from 110.1 to 92.8 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 85.0.
In Europe, the mean number of ice days, with a daily maximum at or below 0 C (32 F) per year at 590 stations fell from 47.5 to 34.8 between the 1960s and the 2010s; the 2020s so far (6 years) average 27.4.

Days at or above 30 C

Mean days with a daily maximum at or above 30 C (86 F) per year, by decade (1960s to 2020s), Europe. The same 590 stations are in every decade: each has complete years in every decade from the 1960s, so a change in the station mix cannot move the bars. The 2020s are not over: 6 years so far.

Days at or above 35 C

Mean days with a daily maximum at or above 35 C (95 F) per year, by decade (1960s to 2020s), Europe. The same 590 stations are in every decade: each has complete years in every decade from the 1960s, so a change in the station mix cannot move the bars. The 2020s are not over: 6 years so far.

Days at or above 40 C

Mean days with a daily maximum at or above 40 C (104 F) per year, by decade (1960s to 2020s), Europe. The same 590 stations are in every decade: each has complete years in every decade from the 1960s, so a change in the station mix cannot move the bars. The 2020s are not over: 6 years so far.

Tropical nights (min at or above 20 C)

Mean warm nights, with a daily minimum at or above 20 C (68 F) per year, by decade (1960s to 2020s), Europe. The same 571 stations are in every decade: each has complete years in every decade from the 1960s, so a change in the station mix cannot move the bars. The 2020s are not over: 6 years so far.

Frost days (min at or below 0 C)

Mean frost days, with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F) per year, by decade (1960s to 2020s), Europe. The same 571 stations are in every decade: each has complete years in every decade from the 1960s, so a change in the station mix cannot move the bars. The 2020s are not over: 6 years so far.

Ice days (max at or below 0 C)

Mean ice days, with a daily maximum at or below 0 C (32 F) per year, by decade (1960s to 2020s), Europe. The same 590 stations are in every decade: each has complete years in every decade from the 1960s, so a change in the station mix cannot move the bars. The 2020s are not over: 6 years so far.

Each measure counts days in complete years only. A station is in a measure's set when it has complete years in every decade from the 1960s, so each chart compares the same places over time. A grey bar is a decade that is not over.

Heavy Rain and Dry Spells by Decade: Europe

2,037 stations in the annual rain series

In Europe, annual rain at 2,037 stations is shown as a percent difference from each station's own 1961-1990 mean, for 74 years from 1951 to 2024.
The trend in annual rain is +1.3 percent per decade (95 percent interval +0.9 to +1.7), fitted to 74 years from 1951 to 2024.
In Europe, the share of a year's rain that fell in its wettest five days rose from 9.4 to 9.6 percent between the 1960s and the 2020s at 1,211 stations.
In Europe, the mean number of days with 25 mm (1.0 in) or more of rain per year rose from 3.30 to 3.99 between the 1960s and the 2020s.
In Europe, the mean number of days with 50 mm (2.0 in) or more of rain per year rose from 0.38 to 0.48 between the 1960s and the 2020s.
In Europe, the mean number of days with 100 mm (3.9 in) or more of rain per year was 0.02 in both between the 1960s and the 2020s.
In Europe, the mean longest dry spell of the year, in days with less than 1 mm of rain in a row, fell from 27.4 to 25.0 days between the 1960s and the 2020s, over the same 1,211 stations in every decade.

Annual rain against the 1961-1990 mean

Annual rain in Europe as a percent difference from each station's own 1961-1990 mean, for 2,037 stations with a long record, 1951 to 2024. Stations are averaged in 5 degree grid cells and the cells are weighted by the cosine of latitude.

Annual rain as a percent difference from the 1961-1990 mean, Europe
Year	Annual rain, percent difference from the mean
1951	-9.0%
1952	-8.8%
1953	-9.7%
1954	-5.5%
1955	-4.6%
1956	-2.5%
1957	-2.8%
1958	-4.0%
1959	-2.8%
1960	0.7%
1961	-2.6%
1962	-1.6%
1963	-3.9%
1964	-7.8%
1965	-4.7%
1966	11.6%
1967	1.3%
1968	1.0%
1969	-0.7%
1970	2.1%
1971	0.1%
1972	2.7%
1973	-0.3%
1974	-1.5%
1975	-3.0%
1976	-5.6%
1977	2.0%
1978	0.4%
1979	2.4%
1980	-0.9%
1981	2.0%
1982	0.1%
1983	-1.0%
1984	0.1%
1985	-0.5%
1986	-4.2%
1987	0.8%
1988	0.5%
1989	4.2%
1990	4.6%
1991	-1.7%
1992	-1.4%
1993	-0.8%
1994	1.9%
1995	2.6%
1996	2.2%
1997	2.5%
1998	3.0%
1999	2.2%
2000	3.4%
2001	4.4%
2002	5.4%
2003	-2.3%
2004	7.2%
2005	1.6%
2006	4.1%
2007	5.5%
2008	4.6%
2009	5.2%
2010	7.3%
2011	-0.2%
2012	6.0%
2013	10.4%
2014	4.9%
2015	2.8%
2016	5.9%
2017	5.3%
2018	3.8%
2019	4.8%
2020	3.0%
2021	3.2%
2022	-0.4%
2023	3.4%
2024	-0.8%

Share of the year's rain in its wettest five days

Mean share of a year's rain that fell in its wettest five days, by decade, Europe, 1960s to 2020s, for 1,211 stations that report complete years in every decade.

Days with 25 mm or more rain

Mean number of days with 25 mm (1.0 in) or more of rain per year, by decade, Europe, 1960s to 2020s, for a fixed set of stations that report complete years in every decade.

Days with 50 mm or more rain

Mean number of days with 50 mm (2.0 in) or more of rain per year, by decade, Europe, 1960s to 2020s, for a fixed set of stations that report complete years in every decade.

Days with 100 mm or more rain

Mean number of days with 100 mm (3.9 in) or more of rain per year, by decade, Europe, 1960s to 2020s, for a fixed set of stations that report complete years in every decade.

Longest dry spell of the year

Mean length in days of the longest run of days with less than 1 mm of rain in a year, by decade, Europe, 1960s to 2020s, over the same 1,211 stations in every decade.

The annual rain series uses stations with at least 50 complete years since 1951 and a 1961-1990 baseline. The decade charts use fixed sets of stations, the same in every decade from the 1960s. A dry day has less than 1 mm (0.04 in) of rain.

The New Normal

Europe, 1961-1990 against 2011-2025

Change in annual mean temperature from 1961-1990 to 2011-2025 at 600 stations in Europe, one dot per station (the stations with the most complete years, at most one per half degree cell). The scope figures use 1,057 stations with at least 20 complete years in 1961-1990 and in 1991-2020 and at least 8 in 2011-2025. Made with Natural Earth.

Change in annual mean temperature from 1961-1990 to 2011-2025, Europe
Station	Change in mean temperature
Hopen	+4.1 C (+7.4 F)
Dikson	+3.5 C (+6.3 F)
Ostrov Vrangelja	+3.3 C (+6.0 F)
Amderma	+3.1 C (+5.5 F)
Ostrov Kotelnyj	+3.1 C (+5.5 F)
Ostrov Aion	+3.0 C (+5.4 F)
Ostrovnoe	+3.0 C (+5.4 F)
Tazovskoe	+2.9 C (+5.2 F)
Tarko-Sale	+2.8 C (+5.0 F)
Munchen-Nymphenburg	+2.8 C (+5.0 F)
Jakutsk	+2.7 C (+4.9 F)
Hatanga	+2.7 C (+4.9 F)
Bjoernoeya	+2.7 C (+4.9 F)
Olenek	+2.7 C (+4.8 F)
Enmuveem	+2.6 C (+4.6 F)
Narjan Mar	+2.5 C (+4.5 F)
Oravska Lesna	+2.5 C (+4.4 F)
Suhana	+2.4 C (+4.4 F)
Krasnoshelye	+2.4 C (+4.3 F)
Lyon - St Exupery	+2.3 C (+4.2 F)
Zagreb-Gric	+2.3 C (+4.2 F)
Anadyr	+2.3 C (+4.2 F)
Kremsmuenster	+2.3 C (+4.2 F)
Ulricehamn	+2.3 C (+4.2 F)
Tiksi	+2.3 C (+4.2 F)
Salekhard	+2.3 C (+4.2 F)
Oskarshamn	+2.3 C (+4.2 F)
Sodankyla AWS	+2.3 C (+4.1 F)
Falun	+2.3 C (+4.1 F)
Petrun	+2.3 C (+4.1 F)
Ljubljana Bezigrad	+2.3 C (+4.1 F)
Gospic	+2.2 C (+4.0 F)
Chokurdah	+2.2 C (+4.0 F)
Strasbourg-Entzheim	+2.2 C (+3.9 F)
Ust-USA	+2.2 C (+3.9 F)
Graz	+2.2 C (+3.9 F)
Kunda	+2.2 C (+3.9 F)
Regensburg	+2.2 C (+3.9 F)
Barcelona/Aeropuerto	+2.2 C (+3.9 F)
Jackvik	+2.2 C (+3.9 F)
Innsbruck	+2.2 C (+3.9 F)
Igarka	+2.2 C (+3.9 F)
Belgrade (Observatory)	+2.1 C (+3.9 F)
Markovo	+2.1 C (+3.9 F)
Sejmchan	+2.1 C (+3.9 F)
Saffle	+2.1 C (+3.8 F)
Ukhta Kalevala	+2.1 C (+3.8 F)
Uppsala_Aut	+2.1 C (+3.8 F)
Birx/Rhon	+2.1 C (+3.8 F)
Oxelosund	+2.1 C (+3.8 F)
Wasserkuppe	+2.1 C (+3.8 F)
Ust-Maja	+2.1 C (+3.7 F)
Bordeaux-Merignac	+2.1 C (+3.7 F)
Ohringen	+2.1 C (+3.7 F)
Rygge	+2.1 C (+3.7 F)
Verhojansk	+2.1 C (+3.7 F)
Lille-Lesquin	+2.1 C (+3.7 F)
Budapest	+2.1 C (+3.7 F)
Szombathely	+2.1 C (+3.7 F)
Viljujsk	+2.1 C (+3.7 F)
Skovde	+2.1 C (+3.7 F)
Helsinki Kaisaniemi AWS	+2.0 C (+3.7 F)
Hof	+2.0 C (+3.7 F)
Hohenpeissenberg	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Rhein Main	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Novi Sad	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Orskar_A	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Toulouse-Blagnac	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Kem-Port	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Wien	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Clermont-Ferrand	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Stotten	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Metten	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Ogulin	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Soderarm	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Lulea Flygplats	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Jyvaskyla Lentoasema	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Voronez	+2.0 C (+3.6 F)
Vilsandi	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Reboly	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Tartu-Toravere	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Rothenburg Ob der Tauber	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Luxembourg Airport	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Cluj Napoca	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Tallinn	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Neukirchen-Hauptschwenda	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Bad Bergzabern	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Villingen-Schwenningen	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Teriberka	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Enisejsk	+2.0 C (+3.5 F)
Sarajevo	+1.9 C (+3.5 F)
Isit	+1.9 C (+3.5 F)
Shepetivka	+1.9 C (+3.5 F)
Voru	+1.9 C (+3.5 F)
Virtsu	+1.9 C (+3.5 F)
Kempten	+1.9 C (+3.5 F)
Falsterbo	+1.9 C (+3.5 F)
Magdeburg	+1.9 C (+3.5 F)
Beerfelden	+1.9 C (+3.5 F)
Hoburg	+1.9 C (+3.5 F)
Uman	+1.9 C (+3.5 F)
Teuschnitz	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Bor	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Landsort	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Montelimar	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Verhneimbatsk	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Klippeneck	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Kjusjur	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Kuusiku	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Bad Durkheim	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Vitim	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Olands Norra Udde	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Kristinehamn	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Kihnu	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Bourges	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Berus	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Varazdin	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Kosice	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Kursk	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Boras	+1.9 C (+3.4 F)
Narva	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Montpellier-Aeroport	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Wurzburg	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Rijeka	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Kandalaksa	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Onega	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Pechora	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Bollerup	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Embrun	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Orly	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Altomunster-Maisbrunn	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Ust Tzilma	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Bogucany	+1.9 C (+3.3 F)
Valga	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Abbeville	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Weiden	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Bernburg/Saale (Nord)	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Den Helder-1	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Stockholm	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Turi	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Drobeta Turnu Severin	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Vanavara	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
St. Petersburg	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Rostock-Warnemunde	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Seesen	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Kazan	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Ramsjoholm	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Ajaccio	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Berge	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Kojnas	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Erbogacen	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Lubny	+1.8 C (+3.3 F)
Sonnblick	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Oslo Blindern	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Sortavala	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Suntar	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Tortosa - Observatorio del Ebr	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Malexander	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
List/Sylt	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Hurbanovo	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Murmansk	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Petrozawodsk	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Chita	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
West Souburg	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Maastricht	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Saentis	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Geisenheim	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Munsingen-Apfelstetten	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Reimlingen	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Waren	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Kon-Kolodez	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Laryak	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Bajkit	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Zyrjanka	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Ljusnedal	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Cuxhaven	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Ellwangen-Rindelbach	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Achinsk	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Madrid - Retiro	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Arjeplog A	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Basel Binningen	+1.8 C (+3.2 F)
Feldberg/Schwarzwald	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Sankt Peter-Ording	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Burgwald-Bottendorf	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Schiphol	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Vardoe	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Kargopol	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Brjansk	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Karlshamn	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Stockholm-Bromma	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Lugano	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Hannover	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Trier-Petrisberg	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Amberg-Unterammersricht	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Weissenburg	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Arhangelsk	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Kredarica	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Parnu	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Helgoland	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Stuttgart/Echterdingen	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Artern	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Kleiner Feldberg/Taunus	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Simmern-Wahlbach	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Buzau	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Saran-Paul	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Krasnaja_Gora	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Fichtelberg	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Goldberg	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Tveitsund	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Nizhneangarsk	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Derbent	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Askaniia Nova	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Saarbrucken/Ensheim	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Berlin-Schonefeld	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Debrecen Airport	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Nachiki	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Prastkulla	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Pitea	+1.7 C (+3.1 F)
Salzburg	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Jena Sternwarte	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Eschwege	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Osijek	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Tajshet	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Ust-Hairyuzovo	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Zamora	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Olands Sodra Udde	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Karlsborg_Mo	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Schleswig	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Calarasi	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Smolensk	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Esso	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Satenas	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Poitiers - Biard	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Altastenberg	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Friesoythe-Edewechterdam	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Deuselbach	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Pecs Pogany	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Kjobli I Snaasa	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Kirensk	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Marseilles-Marignane	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Nice	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Gera-Leumnitz	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Valujki	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Buynaksk	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Gustavsfors	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Hudiksvall	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Berlin-Dahlem	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Lindenberg	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Norderney	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Poprad/Tatry	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Volkel	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Eindhoven	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Twenthe	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Susuman	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Tihvin	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Tot-Ma	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Mozajsk	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Barguzin	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Hemse	+1.7 C (+3.0 F)
Arkona	+1.6 C (+3.0 F)
Szeged	+1.6 C (+3.0 F)
Arad	+1.6 C (+3.0 F)
Velikie Luki	+1.6 C (+3.0 F)
Bratsk	+1.6 C (+3.0 F)
Malaga Aeropuerto	+1.6 C (+3.0 F)
Brocken	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Schwarzburg	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Vytegra	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Vasteras-Hasslo	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Mont-de-Marsan	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Boizenburg	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Zavizan	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Sauda	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Irkutsk	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Doberlug-Kirchhain	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Hilgenroth	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Aleksandrovskoe	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Culman	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Urjupinsk	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Valencia	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Schwerin	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Zugspitze	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Dresden-Hosterwitz	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Kirchdorf/Poel	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Lastovo	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Split Marjan	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
De Bilt	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Torungen Fyr	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Moscow	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Dijon-Longvic	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Nurnberg	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Kr. Ravensburg Weingarten	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Chemnitz	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Leeuwarden	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Ust-Ozernoe	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Syktyvkar	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Pskov	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Paveletz	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Murcia/Alcantarilla	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Zuerich/Fluntern	+1.6 C (+2.9 F)
Angermunde	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Eelde	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Kamennaja-Step	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Ronneby-Bredakra	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Essen-Bredeney	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Wittenberg	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Kr. Neckar-Odenwald Buchen	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Oktyabr Skoye	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Niznij Novgorod	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Rjazan	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Sterlitamak	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Ust-Njukzha	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Uchur	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Vanersborg	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Erfurt-Bindersleben	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Schneifelforsthaus	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Kjevik	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Taganrog (Lighthouse)	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Tarbes - Ossun	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Berezovo	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Mineral-Nye-Vody	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Huesca	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Soria	+1.6 C (+2.8 F)
Perpignan	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Nikolsk	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Gorlitz	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Muncheberg	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Plauen	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Ueckermunde	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Faerder Fyr	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Sola	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Troicko-Pecherskoe	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Kljuchi	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Krasnaja Poljana	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Harnosand	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)
Hamburg Fuhlsbuettel	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Marnitz	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Makkaur Fyr	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Ulan-Ude	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Lingen	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Hvar	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Lindesnes Fyr	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Kotlas	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Burgos-Villafria	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Sevilla/San Pablo	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Abisko	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Rothamsted	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Trostberg	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Slettnes Fyr	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Ponferrada	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Murcia/San Javier	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Varberg	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Cekunda	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Belle Ile - le Talut	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Gardelegen	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Putbus	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Nis	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Ugut	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Kaliningrad	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Samara	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Tulun	+1.5 C (+2.7 F)
Kleve	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Rotenburg (Wumme)	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Pervomajskoe	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Chara	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Krasnyj Chikoj	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Bogoroditskoye-Fenino	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Soltau	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Wuppertal-Buchenhofen	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Orland	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Lyngor Fyr	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Shenkursk	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Staraja_Russa	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Barkakra	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Nienburg	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Zehdenick	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Bergen/Flesland	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Elatma	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Penza	+1.5 C (+2.6 F)
Tromso	+1.4 C (+2.6 F)
Napas	+1.4 C (+2.6 F)
Gotnja	+1.4 C (+2.6 F)
Certkovo	+1.4 C (+2.6 F)
Bilbao Aeropuerto	+1.4 C (+2.6 F)
Wisley	+1.4 C (+2.6 F)
Ploumanac'h	+1.4 C (+2.6 F)
Harzgerode	+1.4 C (+2.6 F)
Skrova Fyr	+1.4 C (+2.6 F)
Bodoe VI	+1.4 C (+2.6 F)
Babuskin	+1.4 C (+2.6 F)
Alencon-Valframbert	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Weilerswist-Lommersum	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Coleman	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Vaernes	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Bremen-Seefahrtschule	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Cottbus	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Nantes-Bouguenais	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Bad Lippspringe	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Blankenrath	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Verhnjaja Gutara	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Hilok	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Chernjaevo	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Rennes-St Jacques	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Caen-Carpiquet	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Pte de Chassiron	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Dillenburg	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Zametchino	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Ohotsk	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Bomnak	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Daroca	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
St-Girons	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Takle	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Sarapul	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Nenastnaja	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Oktjabrskij-Gorodok	+1.4 C (+2.5 F)
Heinersreuth-Vollhof	+1.4 C (+2.4 F)
Diepholz	+1.4 C (+2.4 F)
Soljanka	+1.4 C (+2.4 F)
Poretskoye	+1.4 C (+2.4 F)
Dzalinda	+1.4 C (+2.4 F)
Bamberg	+1.4 C (+2.4 F)
Rosenheim	+1.4 C (+2.4 F)
Lautertal-Oberlauter	+1.4 C (+2.4 F)
Bardufoss	+1.4 C (+2.4 F)
A Coruna	+1.4 C (+2.4 F)
Utsira Fyr	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Magadan	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Tomsk	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Krasnojarsk	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Orlinga	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Mogoca	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Blagovescensk	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Verhnij_Baskuncak	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Bad-Ahrweiler Neuenahr	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Col du Grand St-Bernard	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Bastia	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Brohovo	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Lukojanov	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Kolpasevo	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Tajga	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Nogliki	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Jaskul	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Karlstad-Airport	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Kostroma	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Tambov	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Nizhneudinsk	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Bolshoe Goloustnoe	+1.3 C (+2.4 F)
Oberstdorf	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Bad Kissingen	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Vologda	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Gigant	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Dublin Phoenix Park	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Knin	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Nerchinskij Zavod	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Oxford	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Durham	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Bad Salzuflen	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Sretensk	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Santiago de Compostela/Labacol	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Dalatangi	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Sutur	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Buxton	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Sredny Vasjugan	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Ust-Barguzin	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Kyzyl-Ozek	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Im. Poliny Osipenko	+1.3 C (+2.3 F)
Svinoy Fyr	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
El-Ton	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Bradford	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Pogibi	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Astrakan	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
San Sebastian - Igueldo	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Logrono-Agoncillo	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Waddington	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Brest-Guipavas	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Bad Hersfeld	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Inza	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Severnoe	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Sheffield	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Tobolsk	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Frolovo	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Bucuresti-Baneasa	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Hanty-Mansijsk	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Bezenchuk	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Ternej	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Aleksandrov Gaj	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Orenburg	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Alicante	+1.2 C (+2.2 F)
Pte de la Hague	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Leipzig-Holzhausen	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Bolsoy Santar	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Linkoeping-Malmslaett	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Baden-Baden-Geroldsau	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Perevoz	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Sernovodsk	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Zilair	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Kirov	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Bolotnoe	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskij	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Valladolid (Villanubla)	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Schotten	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Aksakovo	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Bogorodskoe	+1.2 C (+2.1 F)
Stykkisholmur	+1.1 C (+2.1 F)
Reykjavik	+1.1 C (+2.1 F)
Tafjord	+1.1 C (+2.1 F)
Kjahta	+1.1 C (+2.1 F)
Leusi	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Ufa	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Olenja Rechka	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Ivdel	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Augsburg	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Aleksandrovsk-Sahalinskij	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Cherdyn'	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Akhty	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Cet Central England	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Giessen/Wettenberg	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Culpanovo	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Armavir	+1.1 C (+2.0 F)
Balagansk	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Budennovsk	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Visby_Flygplats	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Tyumen Amsg	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Bajandaj	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Poset	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Lerwick	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Eskdalemuir	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Ekaterinburg	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Sosnovo-Ozerskoe	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Valley	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Gottingen	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Romanovka	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Rostov-Na-Donu	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Ust-Koksa	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Sta. Cruz de Tenerife	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)
Kislovodsk	+1.0 C (+1.9 F)
Armagh	+1.0 C (+1.9 F)
Tisul	+1.0 C (+1.9 F)
Olekminsk	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Borzja	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Pogranichnoe	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Saratow	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Perm	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Elista	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Sotchi	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Leon Virgen del Camino	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Stornoway Airport	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Barabinsk	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Minusinsk	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Tunka	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Mangut	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Vladivostok	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Jerez de la Frontera	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Wick	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Bakchar	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Juzhno-Kurilsk	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Krasnyj Jar	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Dalnerechensk	+1.0 C (+1.8 F)
Arhara	+1.0 C (+1.7 F)
Yajlju	+1.0 C (+1.7 F)
Turinsk	+0.9 C (+1.7 F)
Aldan	+0.9 C (+1.7 F)
Ajan	+0.9 C (+1.7 F)
Hamar-Daban	+0.9 C (+1.7 F)
Pudino	+0.9 C (+1.6 F)
Janaul	+0.9 C (+1.6 F)
Ilyinskiy	+0.9 C (+1.6 F)
Nikolskoye/Beringa Ostrov	+0.9 C (+1.6 F)
Tara	+0.9 C (+1.6 F)
Troickij Priisk	+0.9 C (+1.6 F)
Nikolaevsk-Na-Amure	+0.9 C (+1.6 F)
Duvan	+0.9 C (+1.5 F)
Aginskoe	+0.9 C (+1.5 F)
Lisboa Geofisica	+0.8 C (+1.5 F)
Bredy	+0.8 C (+1.5 F)
Verhoture	+0.8 C (+1.5 F)
Bagdarin	+0.8 C (+1.5 F)
Slavgorod	+0.8 C (+1.4 F)
Sovetskaja Gavan	+0.8 C (+1.4 F)
Zlatoust	+0.8 C (+1.4 F)
Omsk	+0.8 C (+1.4 F)
Kurgan	+0.8 C (+1.4 F)
Tatarsk	+0.8 C (+1.4 F)
Biser	+0.8 C (+1.4 F)
Pogranichnyj	+0.7 C (+1.3 F)
Freiburg	+0.7 C (+1.3 F)
Rudnaja Pristan	+0.7 C (+1.3 F)
Melnichnoe	+0.7 C (+1.3 F)
Ekaterino-Nikolskoe	+0.7 C (+1.3 F)
Bijsk Zonalnaja	+0.7 C (+1.3 F)
Kyra	+0.7 C (+1.2 F)
Shadrinsk	+0.7 C (+1.2 F)
Troitsk	+0.6 C (+1.1 F)
Poronajsk	+0.6 C (+1.1 F)
Krasnoufimsk	+0.6 C (+1.1 F)
Rubcovsk	+0.6 C (+1.1 F)
Kamen-Na-Obi	+0.5 C (+0.9 F)
Svijagino	+0.5 C (+0.8 F)
Makuschino	+0.3 C (+0.5 F)
Verkhneuralsk	+0.2 C (+0.3 F)

Across 1,057 stations in Europe with long records, the mean annual temperature was 1.9 C (35.3 F) in 1961-1990, 2.9 C (37.2 F) in 1991-2020 and 3.4 C (38.1 F) in 2011-2025, a change of +1.5 C (+2.8 F) from the first period to the latest.

Mean annual rain, from years with at least 329 days of rain data, was 578.5 mm (22.8 in) in 1961-1990, 599.4 mm (23.6 in) in 1991-2020 and 605.5 mm (23.8 in) in 2011-2025, a change of +4.7% from the first period to the latest.

Of the 600 stations on the map, 600 were warmer in 2011-2025 than in 1961-1990.

336 of the 575 stations on the map with a rain figure had more rain and 235 had less.

Three periods

Mean temperature and annual rain in three periods, Europe
Period	Mean temperature	Annual rain
1961-1990	1.9 C (35.3 F)	578.5 mm (22.8 in)
1991-2020	2.9 C (37.2 F)	599.4 mm (23.6 in)
2011-2025	3.4 C (38.1 F)	605.5 mm (23.8 in)
Change, 1991-2020 against 1961-1990	+1.1 C (+1.9 F)	+3.6%
Change, 2011-2025 against 1961-1990	+1.5 C (+2.8 F)	+4.7%

Based on 1,057 stations with at least 20 complete years in 1961-1990 and in 1991-2020 and at least 8 in 2011-2025. The periods 1991-2020 and 2011-2025 overlap. Scope means are weighted by grid cell, as in the warming series; rain counts years with at least 329 days of rain data.

Longest Hot, Cold, Wet and Dry Streaks: Europe

7 lists of 10

In Europe, the longest run of hot days in a row in the data is 65 days, at Granada/Aeropuerto (Spain), from 23 June 2023 to 26 August 2023.
In Europe, the longest run of days in a row at or above 40 C in the data is 17 days, at Badajoz/Talavera la Real (Spain), from 29 July 2003 to 14 August 2003.
In Europe, the longest run of frost days in a row in the data is 371 days, at Ostrov Vize (Russia), from 15 July 1946 to 20 July 1947.
In Europe, the longest run of ice days in a row in the data is 294 days, at Ostrov Vize (Russia), from 31 August 1957 to 20 June 1958.
In Europe, the longest run of dry days in a row in the data is 341 days, at Kapellebrug (Netherlands), in 1958.
In Europe, the longest run of wet days in a row in the data is 84 days, at Stornoway Airport (United Kingdom), in 1990.
In Europe, the longest run of longest run of nights at or above 25 c in the data is 18 days, at Torrevieja (Spain), from 25 July 2003 to 11 August 2003.

Longest run of days at or above 35 C

Consecutive days with a daily maximum at or above 35 C (95 F).

Longest run of days at or above 35 C, Europe: the 10 longest runs
Rank	Station	Country	Length	When
1	Granada/Aeropuerto	Spain	65 days	23 June to 26 August 2023
2	Cordoba Aeropuerto	Spain	51 days	9 July to 28 August 2024
3	Jaen (Instituto)	Spain	50 days	14 July to 1 September 1923
4	Ciudad Real (Instituto)	Spain	44 days	27 June to 9 August 1946
5	Sevilla/San Pablo	Spain	37 days	13 July to 18 August 2025
6	Ciudad Real	Spain	36 days	8 July to 12 August 2022
7	Madrid/Barajas	Spain	36 days	8 July to 12 August 2022
8	Toledo	Spain	36 days	8 July to 12 August 2022
9	Moron de la Frontera	Spain	32 days	12 July to 12 August 1993
10	Jaskul	Russia	32 days	17 July to 17 August 2010

Longest run of days at or above 40 C

Consecutive days with a daily maximum at or above 40 C (104 F).

Longest run of days at or above 40 C, Europe: the 10 longest runs
Rank	Station	Country	Length	When
1	Badajoz/Talavera la Real	Spain	17 days	29 July to 14 August 2003
2	Cordoba Aeropuerto	Spain	17 days	29 July to 14 August 2003
3	Jaskul	Russia	12 days	1 to 12 August 2010
4	Ciudad Real (Instituto)	Spain	11 days	8 to 18 August 1943
5	Moron de la Frontera	Spain	11 days	7 to 17 July 2022
6	Sevilla/San Pablo	Spain	11 days	7 to 17 July 2022
7	Jaen (Instituto)	Spain	10 days	9 to 18 August 1943
8	Aleksandrov Gaj	Russia	9 days	27 July to 4 August 2010
9	Toledo	Spain	9 days	10 to 18 July 2022
10	Jerez de la Frontera	Spain	8 days	11 to 18 August 2025

Longest run of frost days (minimum at or below 0 C)

Consecutive days with a daily minimum at or below 0 C (32 F).

Longest run of frost days (minimum at or below 0 C), Europe: the 10 longest runs
Rank	Station	Country	Length	When
1	Ostrov Vize	Russia	371 days	15 July 1946 to 20 July 1947
2	Ostrov Golomjannyj	Russia	351 days	29 August 1955 to 13 August 1956
3	Russkij	Russia	336 days	9 August 1986 to 10 July 1987
4	Gmo Im.E.K.Fedorova	Russia	335 days	31 July 1946 to 30 June 1947
5	Polar Gmo Im.E.T.Krenkelj	Russia	326 days	8 August 1968 to 29 June 1969
6	Sonnblick	Austria	323 days	7 August 1896 to 25 June 1897
7	Ostrov Kotelnyj	Russia	319 days	7 August 1963 to 20 June 1964
8	Shalaurova Mys	Russia	311 days	7 August 1979 to 12 June 1980
9	Ostrov Vrangelja	Russia	310 days	19 August 1948 to 24 June 1949
10	Mys Shmidta	Russia	308 days	22 August 1946 to 25 June 1947

Longest run of ice days (maximum at or below 0 C)

Consecutive days with a daily maximum at or below 0 C (32 F).

Longest run of ice days (maximum at or below 0 C), Europe: the 10 longest runs
Rank	Station	Country	Length	When
1	Ostrov Vize	Russia	294 days	31 August 1957 to 20 June 1958
2	Ostrov Golomjannyj	Russia	294 days	31 August 1957 to 20 June 1958
3	Gmo Im.E.K.Fedorova	Russia	282 days	3 September 1960 to 11 June 1961
4	Ostrov Kotelnyj	Russia	279 days	14 September 1948 to 19 June 1949
5	Russkij	Russia	278 days	4 September 1957 to 8 June 1958
6	Shalaurova Mys	Russia	271 days	16 September 1948 to 13 June 1949
7	Polar Gmo Im.E.T.Krenkelj	Russia	271 days	6 September 1978 to 3 June 1979
8	Mys Billingsa	Russia	264 days	15 September 1979 to 4 June 1980
9	Dikson	Russia	261 days	22 September 1960 to 9 June 1961
10	Sterlegova	Russia	259 days	22 September 1981 to 7 June 1982

Longest dry spell (days under 1 mm of rain), within one year

Consecutive days with less than 1 mm (0.04 in) of rain, the longest run within a year. The dates are not kept, so the list gives the year (within the year).

Longest dry spell (days under 1 mm of rain), within one year, Europe: the 10 longest runs
Rank	Station	Country	Length	When
1	Kapellebrug	Netherlands	341 days	within 1958
2	Kerkwerve	Netherlands	335 days	within 1953
3	Heumen	Netherlands	335 days	within 1969
4	Ai-Petri	Ukraine	334 days	within 1923
5	Salzburg	Austria	334 days	within 1945
6	Holmogadd A	Sweden	329 days	within 2003
7	Schwerin	Germany	321 days	within 1899
8	Halden	Norway	306 days	within 1882
9	Oksoey Fyr	Norway	305 days	within 1875
10	Marknesse_1	Netherlands	304 days	within 1995

Longest wet spell (days with 1 mm or more of rain), within one year

Consecutive days with 1 mm (0.04 in) or more of rain, the longest run within a year. The dates are not kept, so the list gives the year (within the year).

Longest wet spell (days with 1 mm or more of rain), within one year, Europe: the 10 longest runs
Rank	Station	Country	Length	When
1	Stornoway Airport	United Kingdom	84 days	within 1990
2	Brekke I Sogn	Norway	52 days	within 1990
3	Rhum: Kinloch	United Kingdom	52 days	within 1990
4	Takle	Norway	52 days	within 2006
5	Ytre Solund	Norway	51 days	within 1990
6	Alfoten II	Norway	50 days	within 2000
7	Leksvik - Myran	Norway	49 days	within 2000
8	Lerwick	United Kingdom	48 days	within 1990
9	Benmore: Younger Botanic Garde	United Kingdom	48 days	within 1990
10	Maudal	Norway	47 days	within 2006

Longest run of nights at or above 25 C

Longest run of nights at or above 25 C, Europe: the 10 longest runs
Rank	Station	Country	Length	When
1	Torrevieja	Spain	18 days	25 July to 11 August 2003
2	Capo Bellavista	Italy	17 days	6 to 22 August 2003
3	Volshskiy Gmo	Russia	16 days	31 July to 15 August 2010
4	Split Marjan	Croatia	16 days	26 July to 10 August 2013
5	Palma de Mallorca Cmt	Spain	15 days	3 to 17 August 2022
6	Almeria/Aeropuerto	Spain	15 days	19 August to 2 September 2024
7	Dubrovnik	Croatia	14 days	28 July to 10 August 2015
8	Milan	Italy	13 days	9 to 21 July 1788
9	Taganrog (Lighthouse)	Russia	13 days	31 July to 12 August 2010
10	Valencia	Spain	13 days	13 to 25 July 2023

A run belongs to the year it started in, even when it ran on into the next year. A station appears once per list, with its longest run in a complete year. Dry and wet spells are the longest run within a year. Lists use complete years only, so a long run in a year with gaps in the record is not counted.

Snow Cover and Heavy Snowfall by Decade: Europe

519 stations, fixed set

In Europe, the mean number of days per season with snow on the ground (25 mm or more, 1.0 in) at 519 stations fell from 55.7 to 31.3 between the 1960s and the 2020s.
In Europe, the mean number of heavy snowfall days per season (100 mm or more, 3.9 in, in a day) was 0.00 in both between the 1960s and the 2020s.
The trend in snow cover days is -3.7 days per decade (95 percent interval -5.2 to -2.3), fitted to 66 seasons from 1960 to 2025.
The snowiest season in the data is 1988-89 at Keflavik (Iceland), with 532.9 cm (209.8 in) of snowfall.

Days with snow on the ground per season

Mean number of days per season with at least 25 mm (1.0 in) of snow on the ground, by decade, Europe, 1960s to 2020s, the same 519 stations in every decade. A season runs from 1 July to 30 June.

Heavy snowfall days per season

Mean number of days per season with 100 mm (3.9 in) or more of new snow, by decade, Europe, 1960s to 2020s, the same 519 stations in every decade.

The snowiest seasons

The snowiest station seasons, Europe
Rank	Station	Country	Season	Snowfall
1	Keflavik	Iceland	1988-89	532.9 cm (209.8 in)
2	Keflavik	Iceland	1975-76	488.7 cm (192.4 in)
3	Keflavik	Iceland	1958-59	351.6 cm (138.4 in)
4	Keflavik	Iceland	1966-67	331.1 cm (130.4 in)
5	Keflavik	Iceland	1967-68	300.8 cm (118.4 in)
6	Keflavik	Iceland	1978-79	298.4 cm (117.5 in)
7	Keflavik	Iceland	1962-63	282.3 cm (111.1 in)
8	Keflavik	Iceland	1961-62	281.2 cm (110.7 in)
9	Keflavik	Iceland	1960-61	259.1 cm (102.0 in)
10	Keflavik	Iceland	1979-80	257.5 cm (101.4 in)

A snow season runs from 1 July to 30 June and is labelled by the year it starts in, so 2009-10 is the season of 2009. A season is complete when at least 150 days report snow depth. The set holds stations at 20 degrees north or further north with at least 5 snow cover days per season on average in 1961-1990 and complete seasons in every decade.

Biggest One Day Temperature Swings: Europe

5 lists of 10

In Europe, the largest reported one day rise in the daily maximum is 40.7 C (73.3 F), at Ilirnej (Russia) on 2 February 2017.
In Europe, the largest reported one day drop in the daily maximum is 39.1 C (70.4 F), at Tara (Russia) on 1 January 1979.
In Europe, the largest reported one day rise in the daily minimum is 45.8 C (82.4 F), at Ilirnej (Russia) on 3 February 2017.
In Europe, the largest reported one day drop in the daily minimum is 34.4 C (61.9 F), at Pudino (Russia) on 1 January 1929.
In Europe, the largest reported range between the high and the low of one day is 47.8 C (86.0 F), at Kileer (Russia) on 2 April 1961.

Caveat.Single readings can still be instrument errors that quality control missed. A station with one faulty value can top a list, so read each entry as a reported value, not as a confirmed event.

Biggest one day rise in the daily maximum

The largest increase in the daily maximum temperature from one day to the next. Values are in degrees Celsius with Fahrenheit beside them.

Biggest one day rise in the daily maximum, Europe
Rank	Station	Country	Value	Date
1	Ilirnej	Russia	40.7 C (73.3 F)	2 February 2017
2	Omolon	Russia	39.8 C (71.6 F)	6 January 2017
3	Ust Tzilma	Russia	39.5 C (71.1 F)	31 December 1932
4	Chumpuruk	Russia	38.9 C (70.0 F)	2 December 1993
5	Bolotnoe	Russia	37.1 C (66.8 F)	2 December 1968
6	Verkhneuralsk	Russia	36.9 C (66.4 F)	1 February 1969
7	Saran-Paul	Russia	36.4 C (65.5 F)	12 January 1987
8	Verhnee Penzino	Russia	36.3 C (65.3 F)	4 January 1967
9	Antipajuta	Russia	36.3 C (65.3 F)	12 January 1987
10	Kemerovo	Russia	35.9 C (64.6 F)	2 December 1968

Biggest one day drop in the daily maximum

The largest decrease in the daily maximum temperature from one day to the next. Values are in degrees Celsius with Fahrenheit beside them.

Biggest one day drop in the daily maximum, Europe
Rank	Station	Country	Value	Date
1	Tara	Russia	39.1 C (70.4 F)	1 January 1979
2	Tomsk	Russia	38.2 C (68.8 F)	18 November 1960
3	Yekimtsevo (Kologriv)	Russia	38.2 C (68.8 F)	11 January 1965
4	Ugut	Russia	37.6 C (67.7 F)	2 December 1972
5	Viljujsk	Russia	37.5 C (67.5 F)	3 January 1979
6	Erbogacen	Russia	36.7 C (66.1 F)	14 January 1977
7	Zilair	Russia	36.3 C (65.3 F)	14 January 1971
8	Sidorovsk	Russia	34.7 C (62.5 F)	16 December 1976
9	Tazovskoe	Russia	34.5 C (62.1 F)	16 December 1976
10	Kileer	Russia	34.4 C (61.9 F)	3 January 1979

Biggest one day rise in the daily minimum

The largest increase in the daily minimum temperature from one day to the next. Values are in degrees Celsius with Fahrenheit beside them.

Biggest one day rise in the daily minimum, Europe
Rank	Station	Country	Value	Date
1	Ilirnej	Russia	45.8 C (82.4 F)	3 February 2017
2	Suhana	Russia	39.9 C (71.8 F)	15 February 2008
3	Roros	Norway	39.0 C (70.2 F)	14 January 1914
4	Ust Tzilma	Russia	39.0 C (70.2 F)	1 January 1933
5	Omolon	Russia	38.8 C (69.8 F)	10 January 1956
6	Saran-Paul	Russia	37.9 C (68.2 F)	22 December 1972
7	Kvikkjokk-Arrenjarka	Sweden	36.4 C (65.5 F)	23 December 1926
8	Enmuveem	Russia	36.4 C (65.5 F)	3 February 2017
9	Troicko-Pecherskoe	Russia	36.2 C (65.2 F)	20 December 1932
10	Narjan Mar	Russia	36.1 C (65.0 F)	13 January 1973

Biggest one day drop in the daily minimum

The largest decrease in the daily minimum temperature from one day to the next. Values are in degrees Celsius with Fahrenheit beside them.

Biggest one day drop in the daily minimum, Europe
Rank	Station	Country	Value	Date
1	Pudino	Russia	34.4 C (61.9 F)	1 January 1929
2	Hoseda Hard	Russia	34.0 C (61.2 F)	19 December 2007
3	Janov Stan	Russia	33.8 C (60.8 F)	14 March 1969
4	Enisejsk	Russia	33.7 C (60.7 F)	8 January 1920
5	Uega	Russia	33.7 C (60.7 F)	23 November 1960
6	Tarko-Sale	Russia	33.5 C (60.3 F)	30 December 1973
7	Kojnas	Russia	33.2 C (59.8 F)	11 January 1929
8	Sveagruva	Norway	33.1 C (59.6 F)	10 November 2003
9	Voru	Estonia	32.8 C (59.0 F)	15 January 1940
10	Berezovo-1	Russia	32.8 C (59.0 F)	14 January 1954

Widest range between the high and the low of one day

The largest difference between the highest and the lowest temperature of the same day. Values are in degrees Celsius with Fahrenheit beside them.

Widest range between the high and the low of one day, Europe
Rank	Station	Country	Value	Date
1	Kileer	Russia	47.8 C (86.0 F)	2 April 1961
2	Svetlolobovo	Russia	47.3 C (85.1 F)	10 February 1966
3	Tutonchany	Russia	46.8 C (84.2 F)	7 March 1965
4	Ilirnej	Russia	46.5 C (83.7 F)	2 February 2017
5	Ugut	Russia	46.3 C (83.3 F)	1 December 1972
6	Jakutsk	Russia	44.9 C (80.8 F)	10 April 1921
7	Sredhekolymsk	Russia	43.8 C (78.8 F)	6 March 1993
8	Srednekan	Russia	43.5 C (78.3 F)	2 April 1973
9	Strelka Chunja	Russia	43.2 C (77.8 F)	9 January 1968
10	Selagoncy	Russia	43.1 C (77.6 F)	20 January 2010

Only stations with at least 10 complete years are listed, and a station appears once per list.

Hot and Dry Summers: Europe

1,762 stations with a 1961-1990 record

In Europe, the share of stations with a hot and dry summer is shown for each year from 1900 to 2026, for 1,762 stations with at least 20 complete summers in 1961-1990. Each year counts the stations of that set with a complete summer in the year.
In Europe, 9.4% of station summers in 1961-1990 were hot and dry (50,048 station summers).
In Europe, 22.1% of station summers in 2012-2026 were hot and dry (13,834 station summers).
In Europe, 2022 had the highest share: 50.1% of 804 stations (403).

A summer is hot when its mean daily maximum is at or above the station's 80th percentile of its 1961-1990 summers, and dry when its rain is at or below the 20th percentile. A summer is hot and dry when it is both. Summer is June to August north of the equator and December to February south of it, labelled by the year of its first month.

Share of stations with a hot and dry summer

Percent of stations with a complete summer that were both hot and dry, by year, Europe, 1900 to 2026, out of 1,762 stations with at least 20 complete summers in 1961-1990. Dashed line: the 1961-1990 level in this data, 9.4% of station summers. The most in one year was 50.1%. Dashed line: 1961-1990 level, 9.4%.

Share of stations with a hot and dry summer by year, Europe
Summer	Stations with a hot and dry summer
1900	7.0%
1901	19.3%
1902	0.0%
1903	3.2%
1904	25.2%
1905	9.6%
1906	3.1%
1907	5.3%
1908	1.4%
1909	1.4%
1910	2.9%
1911	45.1%
1912	1.3%
1913	3.9%
1914	11.3%
1915	0.6%
1916	1.7%
1917	19.0%
1918	1.8%
1919	3.6%
1920	6.1%
1921	25.0%
1922	5.0%
1923	5.8%
1924	6.9%
1925	9.8%
1926	2.6%
1927	4.7%
1928	15.8%
1929	10.6%
1930	5.2%
1931	8.4%
1932	11.1%
1933	8.3%
1934	8.6%
1935	16.7%
1936	17.1%
1937	13.1%
1938	20.5%
1939	17.2%
1940	8.4%
1941	4.1%
1942	2.2%
1943	8.9%
1944	6.5%
1945	7.2%
1946	11.1%
1947	30.7%
1948	4.9%
1949	19.9%
1950	12.8%
1951	9.6%
1952	25.3%
1953	8.9%
1954	7.2%
1955	16.9%
1956	1.7%
1957	5.5%
1958	4.7%
1959	35.4%
1960	3.8%
1961	3.9%
1962	5.6%
1963	3.3%
1964	20.1%
1965	2.1%
1966	3.3%
1967	5.7%
1968	4.0%
1969	16.7%
1970	6.6%
1971	3.7%
1972	8.6%
1973	20.8%
1974	2.9%
1975	25.7%
1976	35.8%
1977	1.4%
1978	0.5%
1979	3.0%
1980	7.4%
1981	7.1%
1982	11.6%
1983	36.3%
1984	5.6%
1985	3.4%
1986	6.8%
1987	2.1%
1988	6.0%
1989	10.4%
1990	8.9%
1991	13.9%
1992	11.8%
1993	5.5%
1994	20.9%
1995	22.6%
1996	7.9%
1997	13.6%
1998	15.1%
1999	15.2%
2000	9.1%
2001	13.0%
2002	11.2%
2003	35.9%
2004	8.2%
2005	14.0%
2006	22.8%
2007	11.2%
2008	12.2%
2009	11.7%
2010	13.9%
2011	9.9%
2012	16.9%
2013	25.9%
2014	11.7%
2015	24.4%
2016	16.9%
2017	11.3%
2018	38.8%
2019	29.6%
2020	13.0%
2021	15.2%
2022	50.1%
2023	10.0%
2024	12.1%
2025	22.1%
2026	45.1%

The ten most extreme station summers

The most extreme hot and dry station summers, Europe
Rank	Station	Country	Summer	Mean daily maximum vs 1961-1990	Rain, percent of 1961-1990 mean
1	Ljubljana Bezigrad	Slovenia	2022	+5.0 C (+9.0 F)	44%
2	Dubrovnik	Croatia	2022	+4.6 C (+8.2 F)	25%
3	Kocevje	Slovenia	2022	+4.7 C (+8.5 F)	43%
4	Nova Vas Na Blokah	Slovenia	2022	+4.9 C (+8.9 F)	55%
5	Verona Villafranca	Italy	2012	+4.7 C (+8.5 F)	20%
6	Smartno Pri Slovenj Gradcu	Slovenia	2022	+4.4 C (+7.9 F)	57%
7	Budapest	Hungary	2026	+5.0 C (+8.9 F)	15%
8	Zadar	Croatia	2022	+3.8 C (+6.8 F)	32%
9	Vojsko	Slovenia	2019	+4.5 C (+8.0 F)	62%
10	Zadar	Croatia	2017	+3.6 C (+6.5 F)	22%

Ranked by the temperature z score minus the rain z score against the station's own 1961-1990 mean and standard deviation (at least 0.3 C and 5 mm). A summer is labelled by the year of its first month.

Countries in Europe

31 with station records

Decade	Mean days per year
1960s	110.1
1970s	106.6
1980s	106.1
1990s	98.8
2000s	94.8
2010s	92.8
2020s (so far, 6 years)	85.0

Decade	Mean days per year
1960s	47.5
1970s	40.5
1980s	43.7
1990s	37.2
2000s	34.8
2010s	34.8
2020s (so far, 6 years)	27.4

Decade	Share of annual rain
1960s	9.4%
1970s	9.6%
1980s	9.4%
1990s	9.6%
2000s	9.3%
2010s	9.6%
2020s	9.6%

Decade	Mean days per year
1960s	3.30
1970s	3.07
1980s	3.38
1990s	3.57
2000s	3.69
2010s	3.76
2020s	3.99

Decade	Mean days per year
1960s	0.38
1970s	0.39
1980s	0.39
1990s	0.44
2000s	0.42
2010s	0.46
2020s	0.48

Decade	Mean days per year
1960s	0.02
1970s	0.02
1980s	0.02
1990s	0.03
2000s	0.02
2010s	0.03
2020s	0.02

Decade	Mean longest dry spell, days
1960s	27.4 days
1970s	27.4 days
1980s	26.6 days
1990s	25.3 days
2000s	23.2 days
2010s	24.6 days
2020s	25.0 days

Decade	Mean cover days per season
1960s	55.7
1970s	47.8
1980s	49.8
1990s	40.8
2000s	41.0
2010s	35.8
2020s	31.3

Decade	Mean heavy snowfall days per season
1960s	0.00
1970s	0.00
1980s	0.00
1990s	0.00
2000s	0.00
2010s	0.00
2020s	0.00

Climate Trends in Europe